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Marketing Channels
Module 1: Where Mission Meets Market




                                                                                           @sebinomics
                Preparation for the Marketing Channels exam at Edinburgh Business School
    Content extracted from the text book by Lou E. Pelton, Dr. David Strutton, and Dr. James R. Lumpkin
           All pictures used for educational purposes only. No copyright infringement intended.
1.1 The Elements of Successful Marketing Channels




  To achieve success in a
  competitive arena,
  members of relay teams
  must pool individual
  resources to achieve
  collective goals through a
  connected system. In
  addition, this connected
  system must be flexible
  enough to accommodate
  changes in the
  environment.
1.1 The Elements of Successful Marketing Channels




                           Pooled Resources
             Distributors acting as field operatives, talking with
             customers, straightening up cases on retail floors.
1.1 The Elements of Successful Marketing Channels




                             Collective Goals
           A mission statement is an organization’s strategic charter
                    – a public declaration of why it exists.
1.1 The Elements of Successful Marketing Channels




                          Connected System
           Organizations cannot exist without markets. All business
              competition emerges within marketing channels.
1.1 The Elements of Successful Marketing Channels



           Flexibility
       As Alderson put it, the
       organizations and persons
       involved in channel flows
       must be ‘sufficiently
       connected to permit the
       system to operate as a
       whole, but the bond they
       share must be loose
       enough to allow for
       components to be replaced
       or added.’
1.2



               What is a
               Marketing
               Channel?



             A marketing channel can be defined as an array of exchange
      relationships that create customer value in the acquisition, consumption,
         and disposition of products and services. This definition implies that
       exchange relationships emerge from market needs as a way of serving
                                    market needs.
1.3 Evolution of Marketing Channels

            Marketing channels always emerge out of a demand that
                     marketplace needs be better served.




        Production      Institutional
                                           The         Relationship
           Era &          Period &
                                         Marketing      Marketing
        Distributive       Selling
                                         Concept           Era
         Practices      Orientation
1.4 Channel Intermediaries: The Customer Value Mediators




    Channel intermediaries are individuals or
     organizations who      mediate exchange
   utility in relationships         involving two or

                    more partners.
1.4 Channel Intermediaries: The Customer Value Mediators



       Contactual
       Efficiency
                               Routinization

          Sorting
                               Minimizing
                               Uncertainty
1.4 Channel Intermediaries: The Customer Value Mediators



       Contactual
       Efficiency


         Contactual efficiency describes this movement toward a
         point of equilibrium between the quantity and quality of
         exchange relationships between channel members. When
         only two parties are involved in an exchange, the relationship
         is said to be a dyadic relationship.
1.4 Channel Intermediaries: The Customer Value Mediators



       Routinization


         The Economost system represents the state of the art in
         routinization. Routinization refers to the means by which
         transaction processes are standardized to improve the flow
         of goods and ser vices through marketing channels.
         Routinization itself delivers several advantages to all channel
         participants.
1.4 Channel Intermediaries: The Customer Value Mediators




          Sorting


         In a channels context, sorting is often described as a
         smoothing function. Two principal tasks are associated with
         the sorting function. They are:
         a) Categorizing
         b) Breaking Bulk
1.4 Channel Intermediaries: The Customer Value Mediators



         Minimizing
         Uncertainty


       The role that intermediaries play in reducing uncertainty is perhaps
       their most overlooked function. Types of uncertainty are:
       Need Uncertainty: what is available vs what is needed
       Market Uncertainty: # of sources available for a product or service
       Transaction Uncertainty: imperfect channel flows between buyers
       and sellers
1.4 Functions performed by Marketing Intermediaries




Facilitating Strategic Aims
1.4 Functions performed by Marketing Intermediaries




Fulfilling Interaction Requirements
1.4 Functions performed by Marketing Intermediaries




   Satisfying Delivery and
   Handling Requirements
1.4 Functions performed by Marketing Intermediaries




Managing Inventory Requirements
1.4 Channels Relationship Model (CRM)




   The CRM provides
     a structure for
   examining how an
   array of exchange
    relationships can
    create customer
       value in the
     distribution of
      products and
         services.
1.4 Channels Relationship Model (CRM)


 Array of Exchange Relationships

 1st interaction:
 within the marketing organization
 (intraorganizational)

 2nd interaction:
 between marketing organizations
 (interorganizational)

 3rd interaction:
 between marketing organizations
 and their environments
1.4 Channels Relationship Model (CRM)


 Creating Customer Value
 For customers, marketing channels create



       form,
                    place,
                       possession, and
                                            time utilities.
1.4 Channels Relationship Model (CRM)


  Products and Services Flows
  Acquisition
  Consumption
  Outsourcing
  Disposition
Picture sources:
http://173.254.42.91/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/cloud1.jpg
http://images4.fanpop.com/image/photos/24300000/The-Avengers-the-avengers-24318243-1600-1200.jpg
http://wallpapers-free.co.uk/backgrounds/food_and_drink/fruit/bowl-of-fruit.jpg
http://ruachsocialenterprise.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/We-Are-the-World.jpg
http://www.zastavki.com/pictures/1920x1200/2011/3D-graphics_Molecule_027928_.jpg
http://cherryblossomstudio.ca/wpsite/wp-content/gallery/photos/mikayoga-80.jpg
http://www.education.umd.edu/mimaue/images/girl_math_thinking.jpg
http://www.humor-pictures.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/lego.jpg
http://www.pcdesktopwallpaper.com/albums/wallpapers-sports/Climbing-020.jpg
http://goinoffsafaris.com.au/files/Sealion-Interaction.jpg
http://www.fireflycoaching.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/MPj040887600001.jpg
http://argosymg.com/images/shell/background/asset-inventory.jpg
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-39-VpYbsYlk/TtI11dYiIfI/AAAAAAAAAJE/R4vqBioDayw/s1600/rel1.jpg
http://www.renthal.com/Image/R1OffroadChainSprocket.JPG
@sebinomics

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Marketing Channels - Module 1: Where Mission Meets Market