Lancaster as a sharing city
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This is the presentation I delivered at the First International Workshop on the Sharing Economy (Utrecht, June 2015). The presentation introduces the background and initial findings of a three-months project which is part of the Liveable Cities research programme. http://liveablecities.org.uk/ https://shareableandliveable.wordpress.com/ http://www.uu.nl/en/IWSE2015/programme
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Lancaster as a sharing city
- 1. LANCASTER AS A SHARING CITY an interdisciplinary exploration and thought experiment Serena Pollastri, Rachel Cooper, Chris Boyko, Stephen Clune, Claire Coulton, Nick Dunn Imagination at Lancaster University
- 3. _context
- 4. _context 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 phase 1 phase 2 Research and testing Complementary themes research challenges: 1_ Urban metabolism 2_ Wellbeing 3_ Low carbon energy 4_ Future visions 5_ Engineering strategies sharingcity radicalmobilities ecosystemservicedcity re-zonedcity investing city cityofsynthesisedflows delivering the liveable city
- 5. _Research questions 1) What could a sharing city look like and how does it function? a. What gets shared in the sharing city? b. Who shares (e.g., between groups, between cities)? c. How does sharing occur? d. Why? 2) What needs to be done to develop a system in cities that encourages sharing that improves wellbeing/energy use/ governance/resource sharing a. Who does it? b. What are the barriers to creating and maintaining such a sharing city? 3) Can sharing cities reduce carbon and other resource use while positively impacting wellbeing? a. How do sharing cities impact individual, community and planetary wellbeing? b. Is sharing equal for all parties involved?
- 7. _What is a sharing city? We define Sharing Cities as cities where individualistic consumption of resources and ideologies are valued less than those that emphasise the collective benefit to citizens and other stakeholders. A sharing city is a city that: - treats its resources and opportunities as commons to be shared equally - enables creative bottom up initiatives of sharing to emerge, and provides the infrastructure that is necessary to amplify positive weak signals. Reconsiders the traditional production- consumption paradigm in favour of collaborative models - has an open and receptive approach to governance
- 8. _What is a sharing city? Sharing city = City of sharing economy
- 9. _What is sharing? sharing gift givingeconomic exchange _ special occasion _ the thoughts counts more than what is given _ implies reciprocity _transfer of ownership _ everyday life _ impersonal _ implies compensation _ transfer of ownership _ nonceremonial _ care, love, social links. _ reciprocity is not expected _ shared ownership or usufruct rights Belk, Russell. 2010. “Sharing.” Journal of Consumer Research 36 (5): 715–34.
- 10. _Dimensions of sharing sharing gift givingeconomic exchange Belk, Russell. 2010. “Sharing.” Journal of Consumer Research 36 (5): 715–34. Sharing in e.g. My partner and I share an allotment e.g. Gardenshare Sharing out
- 11. _Dimensions of sharing sharing gift givingeconomic exchange Belk, Russell. 2010. “Sharing.” Journal of Consumer Research 36 (5): 715–34. Sharing in e.g. My partner and I share an allotment e.g. Gardenshare e.g. City park, community gardens Sharing out Commons
- 12. _Dimensions of sharing Sharing in private ownership public good Sharing out Commons Sharing economy, collaborative consumption, peer-to-peer economy
- 13. _Dimensions of sharing Sharing in private ownership public good Sharing out Commons Sharing economy, collaborative consumption, peer-to-peer economy sharing city
- 14. HOW LIVEABLE CITIES IS LOOKING AT THE MATTER
- 15. _Research lenses Sharing in Sharing out Commons sharing city urban metabolism (flows) future visions, radical engineering governance and finance low-carbon energywellbeing, mobilities, aspirations
- 17. LANCASTER AS A SHARING CITY WORKSHOP
- 18. LANCASTER AS A SHARING CITY WORKSHOP Making things visible and tangible Imagine future scenarios of sharing connecting what happens now on a small, disconnected scale, to ideas on what would happen if these solutions were amplified, new services and infrastructures were created, and obstacles that prevent sharing were removed.
- 19. _Making sharing visible and tangible
- 20. sharing a hillside* Fair Trade International Fair Trade Towns International Sharing Knowledge Academic Project Sharing ideas (education and academia) Peer Education Information about planning for the future. Have worked with others to devise a portfolio and run workshops. Also a member of Transition Freegling Reusing unwanted items Incredible Edible Lancaster community gardens (all in public space) Garden Share Claver Hill Community food growing project/farm. We share 12 chickens with 7 households. My day is Saturday. Research on Lancaster food groups Sharing knowledge on environmental sustainability Member of ESTA going to sell tea and hand made cups in local community as well as creating poetry Building community Online system that allows older adult to teach English to non-native speakers To create shared experiences by developing an Green Lancaster Sharing food and space Ethical Small Trade Association (ESTA) Friend of the Storey Garden School lifts car sharing Lancaster - Glasson Dock Lancaster Arts Partners Art City Project Lancaster community car-club Morecambe Library shares its building with young people service Library - venue share - information support. - local community groups - resources (books, computer, DVD...) - volunteers and friends sharing time Park Friends group* sharing space sharing kn owledge sharing ideas sharing things sharing Time sharing experiences sharing skills sharing Food sharing mobility sharing go vernance Categories (what is shared) Examples: Happens in one key space Happens in a network of spaces Part of a bigger network informal formal Key to the diagram: _Making sharing visible and tangible
- 21. LANCASTER LIBRARY MORECAMBE LIBRARY COMMUNITY GARDENS SHARING CHICKENS COMMUNITY GARDENS COMMUNITY GARDENS COMMUNITY GARDENS THE STOREYS GARDEN COMMUNITY GARDENS COMMUNITY GARDENS FAIRFIELD COMMUNITY GARDENS COMMUNITY FARM GROWING SPACE HOME GARDEN HOME GARDEN HOME GARDEN HOME GARDEN Shared spaces open to the public Key to the map: _Making sharing visible and tangible Map of spaces of sharing open to everybody open to “members”
- 22. _Making sharing visible and tangible Mapping current and potential connections, and learnings.
- 23. _Imagine future scenarios of sharing - Five tables. Each table has a map of Lancaster, some material (markers, play-doh, blocks..) - We asked: what would you Create / Amplify / Destroy
- 24. THEMES AND ISSUESHUBSAND BRIDGES Redesign mobility Bridge Lancaster- Morecambe New models of governance Rethink local economy Spaces for sharing Focus on values Time for sharing Communication in and outside the network Knowledge exchange Food as a catalyst Redesign mobility nd outsidtandnd the networkwththe Spaces sharin Reth econ on es d catalystcat overnancencv ge gege - e r g public space as sharing platform dedicated sharing hubs local version of“sharing economy”? spaces and networks to enable knowledge sharing (car free) physical infrastructure to support sharing non-physical infrastructure to enable sharing (communication and participation) community use of underutilized resources in schools pedestrianLancasterknowledgeexchange betweenuniversity,NGOs, enterpreneurs,community parkandride amplifycentralrole oflibrary hitchikingpointsUniversity/town sharingfood,sharingstories, capturevalues LancasterUniversitytrainstation amplifyfoodeconomy transportbetw een Lancaster, M orecam be,and villages m arketasa sharing platform connect Lancaster/Morecam be for Morecam be’s wellbeing school kitchens for com m unity use create time to activate volunteers space in school to be used as coop space rethink work hours/wage to value time spent in community Corner stores as cultural hubs create trust; prioritise openness, transparency, emotions. Value driven rather than task driven communal eco-centre (in place of Primark) Communicate sharing destroy Primark(opening in Fall 2015) Re-brand Lancaster as a Sharing City more spaces for people to gettogether network of community “notice boards” more public space (parks/along river) create ways to get people’s voice heard pedestrian spaces for walking and doing no CityCouncil theA6 through route collaborativerepresentation (insteadofcitycouncil) theonewaysystem newgovernance:“powerwith” ratherthan“powerover” severelyreducecars managesharing saferbikeaccess _Lancaster as a sharing city
- 25. _Themes THEMES AND ISSUES Redesign mobility Bridge Lancaster- Morecambe New models of governance Rethink local economy Spaces for sharing Focus on values Time for sharing Communication in and outside the network Knowledge exchange Food as a catalyst Redesign mobility nd outsidtandnd the networkwththe Spaces sharin Reth econ on es d catalystcat overnancencv ge gege - e r g pe par hitchik LancasterU transportbetw een Lancas M orecam be,and villages rketasatform connect Lancaster/Morecam be for Morecam be’s wellbeing school kitchens for com m unity use create time to activate volu space in school to be used as coop space rethink work hours/w time spent in commu er stores as cultural hubs create trust; priorit transparency, emo driven rather than communal eco-centre (in place of Primark) Communicate shar destroy Primark opening in Fall 2015) Re-brand Lancaster as Sharing City spaces for people to gettogether network of community “not boards” more public space (parks/along river) create ways to get peopl heard pedestrian spaces for walking and doing no CityCo theA6 through route c ewaysystem ucecars cess
- 26. _Hubs and Bridges THEMES AND ISSUESHUBSAND BRIDGES Redesign mobility Bridge Lancaster- Morecambe New models of governance Rethink local economy Spaces for sharing Focus on values Time for sharing Communication in and outside the network Knowledge exchange Food as a catalyst Redesign mobility nd outsidtandnd the networkwththe Spaces sharin Reth econ on es d catalystcat overnancencv ge gege - e r g public space as sharing platform dedicated sharing hubs local version of“sharing economy”? spaces and networks to enable knowledge sharing (car free) physical infrastructure to support sharing non-physical infrastructure to enable sharing (communication and participation) community use of underutilized resources in schools pedestrianLancasterknowledgeexchange betweenuniversity,NGOs, enterpreneurs,community parkandride amplifycentralrole oflibrary hitchikingpointsUniversity/town sharingfood,sharingstories, capturevalues LancasterUniversitytrainstation amplifyfoodeconomy transportbetw een Lancaster, M orecam be,and villages m arketasa sharing platform connect Lancaster/Morecam be for Morecam be’s wellbeing school kitchens for com m unity use create time to activate volunteers space in school to be used as coop space rethink work hours/wage to value time spent in community Corner stores as cultural hubs create trust; prioritise openness, transparency, emotions. Value driven rather than task driven communal eco-centre (in place of Primark) Communicate sharing destroy Primark(opening in Fall 2015) Re-brand Lancaster as a Sharing City more spaces for people to gettogether network of community “notice boards” more public space (parks/along river) create ways to get people’s voice heard pedestrian spaces for walking and doing no CityCouncil theA6 through route collaborativerepresentation (insteadofcitycouncil) theonewaysystem newgovernance:“powerwith” ratherthan“powerover” severelyreducecars managesharing saferbikeaccess
- 27. _Hubs (some ideas) Public space as a sharing platform
- 28. Community use of underutilised spaces in schools _Hubs (some ideas) Image: http://foodcycle.org.uk/ “what if school kitchen were used by the community outside school hours?”
- 29. Spaces and networks to enable knowledge sharing _Hubs and bridges (some ideas)
- 30. Car-free mobility infrastructure to connect (necessary for sharing) _Bridges (some ideas) “first of all, let’s create better connections by getting rid of traffic.”
- 31. Non-physical infrastructure to enable sharing, communication and participation _Bridges (some ideas) Image: www.flickr.com/ photos/91429570@N08/8519127455/
- 32. WHAT ARE WE DOING NOW
- 33. _Research and analysis Sharing in Sharing out Commons sharing city urban metabolism (flows) future visions, radical engineering governance and finance low-carbon energywellbeing, mobilities, aspirations
- 34. _Research and analysis example: ENERGY NATIONAL GRID TESLA Home battery Producer to consumer Safe, resilient, quality not the grid (different users, different reasons) P2P model MODEL REASON
- 35. _Research and analysis example: ENERGY NATIONAL GRID TESLA Home battery Producer to consumer Safe, resilient, quality not the grid (different users, different reasons) P2P model MODEL REASON altruism necessity anti-consumerism resource efficiency
- 36. _Research and analysis example: ENERGY NATIONAL GRID NATIONAL GRID TESLA Home battery TESLA Home battery Producer to consumer Safe, resilient, quality not the grid (different users, different reasons) P2P model MODEL SCALES REASON centralised formal top down decentralised informal bottom up
- 37. _Research and analysis example: ENERGY NATIONAL GRID TESLA Home battery Producer to consumer Safe, resilient, quality not the grid (different users, different reasons) P2P model MODEL REASON Implications for wellbeing, resources, resilience, governance?
- 38. _Conclusions (?)
- 39. THANK YOU º DANKJEWEL Serena Pollastri s.pollastri@lancaster.ac.uk @sere_miru our blog: shareableandliveable@wordpress.com www.liveablecities.org.uk @LivCityLancs