2. Tyre materials
For carcass:-
At the time of second world war, staple cotton was
the Tyre carcass material and it was replaced with
rayon.
Then nylon was introduced which is stronger, more
elastic and cooler running than rayon.
Then terylene was introduced.
3. For cords of stabilizer belts:-
Rayon ,Terylene ,glass fibre or steel.
Rubber :-
Rubber used in tyres is blend of natural and
synthetic rubbers to which various chemicals are
added to obtain desired properties like wear
resistance ,reduced hysteresis, less internal friction.
4. Actual components
that go into a tire.
• Raw Rubber
• Steel
• Nylon
• Polyester
• Rayon
• Carbon Black
• Synthetic Rubber
• Fiberglass
• Aramid
• Brass
Aramid: A synthetic fabric used in some tires
that is (pound-for-pound) stronger than steel.
5. • Most people think tires are made mostly of rubber.
• This is far from the truth at all .
• A tire consist of many different things such as
steel, nylon, polyester, rayon, carbon black,
synthetic rubber(which is man made rubber),
fiberglass which is light weight but add strength,
aramid, brass.
• All these things help add strength, heat
distribution, lower the actually weight of the tire,
also help protect it from natural weathering (sun,
wind, rain, snow).
8. Aspect Ratio
•Percentage of tires height in relation to it’s width.
• A 60 series tire height will be 60% of the width.
•The aspect ratio can be a 40,50, 60,65,70,75,78
•These are some of the most common ones.
9. Aspect Ratio
•So if we have a P205/60R15 tire.
•The width is 205 millimeters and the height is 60%
of the width.
• That means 205 x .6 = 123 millimeters.
•That tire should be 123 millimeters tall.
•You can raise or lower your car by changing the
height of the side wall.
11. Tyre Specifications
P 205/55 V R 16
TYPE
P - PASSENGER
T - TEMPORARY
LT - LIGHT TRUCK
C - COMMERCIAL
WIDTH
(MILLIMETERS)
145-315
ASPECT RATIO
(HEIGHT/WIDTH %)
55, 60, 65 70 ETC
TYPE
B - BIAS-BELTED
D - DIAGONAL BIAS R -
RADIAL
RIM DIAMETER
(INCHES) 13, 14 ETC
P 205/55 V R 16P 205/55 V R 16P 205/55 V R 16P 205/55 V R 16P 205/55 V R 16P 205/55 V R 16P 205/55 V R 16
SPEED RATING
B (31 MPH) -
V (150 MPH) -
Z (OVER 150 MPH)
Next >
17. Letter Maximum Rated Speed
L 120 km/h (75 mph)
M 130 km/h (81 mph)
N 140 km/h (87 mph)
P 150 km/h (93 mph)
Q 160 km/h (99 mph)
R 170 km/h (106 mph)
S 180 km/h (112 mph)
T 190 km/h (118 mph)
U 200 km/h (124 mph)
H 210 km/h (130 mph)
V 240 km/h (149 mph)
W 270 km/h (168 mph)
Y 300 km/h (185 mph)
Z Open-ended*
*The exact speed rating for a particular Z-rated tire is determined by the tire manufacturer
and may vary according to size. For example, not all Brand X Z-rated tires are rated at 170
mph, even though one size may be capable of these speeds.
speed rating
18. Factors affecting tyre life
Inflation
Vehicle maintenance
Manner of driving
Miscellaneous factors
19. Tyre trouble shooting
Side wear of tyres
One side wear of tyres
Centre wear of tyre tread
Uneven tyre wear
Uniform rapid wear
Rapid wear with feathered edges on the tread
Tread cracking
Tread or ply separation
Loss of tyre pressure
Radial tyre lead
Radial tyre waddle
22. What Is Pneumatic Tire?
• Filled by air, especially
compressed air: a
pneumatic tire (dictionary
definition).
• All tires manufactured
today are considered
Pneumatic tires.
