Recomendados
Más contenido relacionado
Destacado
Destacado (20)
Similar a Multiple Sclerosis
Similar a Multiple Sclerosis (20)
Más de shayiamk
Más de shayiamk (20)
Último
Último (20)
Multiple Sclerosis
- 6. Four Type • Relapse Remitting • Primary Progressive • Secondary Progressive • Progressive Relapsing
- 7. Relapse Remitting • Unpredictable acute attacks with worsening of symptoms followed by full, partial, or no recovery • Then complete or partial absence of symptoms (Remission)
- 8. Primary Progressive • Steady gradual progression of disability, without any obvious relapses and remissions • Most common after age 40
- 9. Secondary Progressive • Starts with a relapse remitting • Advance to progressive disease
- 10. Progressive Relapsing • Steady progressive disability • Acute Attacks • Possible recovery
- 11. Precipitating Factors • Infection • Cold climate • Physical injury • Emotional stress • Pregnancy • Fatigue • Overexertion • Hot shower/bath
- 13. Complications • Spasticity • Neurogenic bladder • Aspiration • Paralysis
- 15. MRI
- 16. CSF Analysis • Tell the patient that this test usually takes at least 15 minutes • Headache is common adverse effect • VS • Pillow support • Place one arm around knee & neck • Remain calm and still • Label containers in which they were filled • Allergy check initially • Remain flat • Encourage fluids • Check site for redness, swelling, drainage hourly 4 1st 4 hours then Q4 for 1st 24hrs. • Assess neurolgoic Q15 min for 4 hours; it stable assess Q2 then Q4
- 18. Medications
- 20. Immunomodulators
- 21. Antispasmodic
- 22. Anticonvulsant
- 23. Stool Softener
- 26. Nursing Diagnosis • Fatigue • Activity intolerance • Disturbed sensory perception (visual) • Impaired physical mobility • Impaired urinary elimination • Chronic pain • Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements
- 27. Nursing Care • Encourage fluid intake • Assist with bladder elimination o intermittent self-catheterization, o bladder pacemaker o Credé • Reorient • Place Routine Objects in Routine Places • Communication Board 4 (dysarthria) • Speech language therapist referral • Apply alternating eye patches to treat diplopia. Teach scanning techniques. • Utilize energy conservation measures. • Reduce injury—call lights, ask 4 assistance, home safety • Encourage independence
- 28. Thanks….
Notas del editor
- Affects the brain and spinal cord
- Autoimmunean inflammatory disease in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged
- Development of plaque in the white matter of the CNS--- demyelinatedThis plaque damages the myelin sheath and blocks impulse transmission between the CNS system and the body
- Inherited--first-degree relative has the disease
- Fatigue:especially of the lowerextremitiesAtaxiaDysarthria, dysphagiaUhthoff’s sign:a temporary worsening of vision after exertion or heat exposureTinnitus, vertigo, decreased hearing acuityBladder dysfunction (areflexia, urgency, nocturia)
- MRI: most diagnosticMRI of brain and spine
- CSF analysis:Elevated proteinIncreased WBCComplications: Reaction to anesthetic, meningitis, bleeding into the spinal canal, cerebellar tonsillar herniation, and medullary compression Signs of meningitis Signs of herniation Infection
- Electrophysiological Testing
- Reduce the frequency of relapses
- Prevents or treats relapse
- Treat muscle spasticity
- Used for paresthesia, seizures
- Constipation