Coral Reef

1. CORAL
REEF
Sheetal Wagh

2. WHAT
ARE
CORAL
REEFS?
• Coral
reefs
are
underwater
structures
made
from
calcium
carbonate
secreted
by
corals.
• They
are
colonies
of
Any
living
animals
found
in
marine
waters
that
contain
a
few
nutrients.
• The
bulk
of
coral
reefs
is
made
up
of
coral
skeletons
from
mostly
intact
coral
colonies
December
3,
15
Coral
reef
2

3. • Most
coral
reefs
are
built
from
stony
corals,
which
in
turn
consists
of
polyps
that
cluster
in
groups.
• The
polyps
are
like
Any
sea
anemone.
• Coral
reefs
occupy
less
than
0.1%
of
the
world’s
ocean
surface.
December
3,
15
Coral
reef
3

4.
Provide
home
for
!!

MOLLUSCS

CRUSTACEANS

ECHINODERMS

CNIDARIANS
 SPONGES
December
3,
15
Coral
reef
4

5. Anatomy
of
a
coral
polyp
December
3,
15
Coral
reef
5

6. December
3,
15
Coral
reef
6
BRAIN
CORAL

7.
(A)
ATOLL
REEF
(B)
FRINGING
REEF
(C)
BARRIER
REEF
TYPES
OF
CORAL
REEFS
December
3,
15
Coral
reef
7

8. ATOLL
REEF
Reef
of
the
Maldives,
Indian
Ocean.
December
3,
15
Coral
reef
8

9. FRINGING
REEF
• a
reef
system
that
grows
fairly
close
to
(or
directly
from)
the
shore,
with
an
enArely
shallow
lagoon
or
none
at
all
December
3,
15
Coral
reef
9

10. BARRIER
REEF
• A
reef
system
parallel
to
shore
and
is
separated
from
it
by
a
wide
lagoon
that
contains
atleast
some
deep
porAons.
December
3,
15
Coral
reef
10

11. December
3,
15
Coral
reef
11
The
Great
Barrier
Reef
is
the
world's
largest
coral
reef
system
It
is
composed
of
over
2,900
individual
reefs
and
900
islands
stretching
for
over
2,600
kilometres
(1,600
mi)
over
an
area
of
approximately
344,400
square
kilometres
(133,000
sq.
mi)
The
reef
is
located
in
the
Coral
Sea,
off
the
coast
of
Queensland,
Australia
A
scuba
diver
looking
at
a
giant
clam
on
the
Great
Barrier
Reef

12. SIGNIFICANCE
OF
CORAL
REEF

MEDICINAL
VALUE
 PROTECTIVE
IN
FUNCTION
 TOURISM
 JOB
OPPORTUNITIES
 AS
CURE
FOR
SEVERAL
DISEASES
December
3,
15
Coral
reef
12

13. THREATS
Coral
reefs
are
dying:-­‐
Reasons-­‐
• coral
mining
• agricultural
and
urban
runoff
• polluLon
• disease
• sea
temperature
rise
• pH
changes
from
ocean
acidificaLon
• greenhouse
gas
emissions
December
3,
15
Coral
reef
13

14. December
3,
15
Coral
reef
14
ProtecLon
• Marine
protected
areas
(MPAs)
have
become
increasingly
prominent
for
reef
management
• MPAs
promote
responsible
fishery
management
and
habitat
protecLon.
Much
like
naLonal
parks
and
wildlife
refuges,
MPAs
restrict
potenLally
damaging
acLviLes
• MPAs
encompass
both
social
and
biological
objecLves,
including
reef
restoraLon,
aestheLcs,
biodiversity,
and
economic
benefits

15. December
3,
15
Coral
reef
15