5. Backhoe
• Piece of excavating equipment consisting of a
digging bucket on the end of a two part
articulated arm, it also helps dig up any earth
material.
6. Batter Boards
• A temporary frame built just outside the
corner of an excavation to carry marks that lie
on the surface plains of the basement that will
be built in the excavation.
14. Bulldozer
• A crawler equipped with a substantial metal
plate (known as a blade), used to push large
quantities of soil, sand, rubble, etc, during
construction works.
15. Cladding
• Wood shingles- sawn from wood blocks; they
are tapered and have relatively smooth
surfaces.
Wood shakes- split from wood blocks; they are
less uniform in thickness than shingles, are
sometimes grooves, and frequently have little
taper
16. Cladding Con’t
Wood Shingle
Brick House EIFS
Wood Board
Stone
18. Concrete Joints
• Control joint- an intentional linear
discontinuity in a structure or component,
designed to form a plane of weakness where
cracking can occur in response to various
forces so as to minimize or eliminate cracking
elsewhere in a structure.
Isolation joint- a joint such as an expansion
joint, between two adjacent structures which
are not in physical contact.
20. Concrete Masonry Unit (CMU)
• A block of hardened concrete, with or without
hollow cores, designed to be laid in the same
manner as a brick or stone; a concrete block.
8x16x8
22. Doors
• Transom- small window directly above a door
Side light- a tall, narrow window along side a
door
Flush Panel Transom Side Light
23. Electrical Components
• Power pole and Transformer- an electrical device that takes
electricity of one voltage and changes it into another
voltage.
• Service head- takes electricity from power pole and puts it
into a house or building.
• Meter- a device that measures the amount of electrical
energy supplied to or produced by a residence, business, or
machine.
• Service panel- is what distributes electrical current to
various circuits within a building.
• Duplex receptacle- sometimes called outlet or wall plug,
are the interface between your homes electrical system
and the devices that need electricity to operate.
28. Front End Loader
• It is an engineering vehicle that is primarily
used to load material (asphalt, dirt, gravel,
etc…) into or on to another type of machinery
(dump truck, conveyor belt, etc…).
29. Gypsum Board
• An interior facing panel consisting of a gypsum
core sandwiched between paper faces; also
called drywall, plasterboard, and sheetrock.
30. Heat Pump
• Compressor/ evaporator- takes air from the
outside and forces it in to the residence.
• Air handling unit (AHU)- is a device used to
condition and circulate air as a part of a
heating, ventilating, and air conditioning
system.
32. Insulation
• Batt/Blanket- made of mineral fiber (processed
fiberglass or rock wool) and is used to insulate
below floors, above ceilings, and within walls.
• Loose fill- includes loose fibers or fiber pellets
that are blown into building cavities or attics
using special equipment.
• Foamed- is a two part liquid containing a polymer
(such as polyurethane) and a foaming agent.
• Rigid board- is commonly made from fiber glass,
polystyrene, or polyurethane, and comes in a
variety of thickness with a high insulating value.
39. Plywood
• A type of engineered board made from thin
sheets of wood, called plies or wood veneers.
The layers are glued together, each with its
grain at right angles to adjacent layers for
greater strength.
• Veneer- a thin covering over another surface.
40. Radiant Barrier
• Is a material that is installed in buildings to
reduce summer heat gain and winter heat
loss, and hints to reduce building heating and
cooling energy usage.
41. Rebar
• The surface deformation help create a tighter
bond with the concrete.
42. Steep Roof Drainage
• Gutter- a narrow channel which collects rain
water from the roof of a building and diverts it
away from the structure.
• Down spout- a vertical pipe for carrying rain
water down from a gutter.
• Splash block- a small masonry block laid with
the top close to the ground surface to receive
roof drainage from down spouts and to carry
it away from the building
44. Steep Roof Materials
• Roof Underlayment- used to protect the roof
sheathing and structure from moisture and
penetration.
• Shingle- a flat covering element for a roof
• Metal Panel- usually made from steel but also
manufactured in aluminum and other metal
materials.
47. Steep Roof Terms
• Ridge-the horizontal line formed by the juncture of two
sloping planes, especially the line formed by the
surfaces at the top of a roof.
• Valley- the junction where two separate roofs meet.
• Eave- the lower edge of a roof usually projecting
beyond the sides of a building.
• Rake- the inclined edge of a sloped roof over a wall.
• Fascia- generally, any long, vertical surface across the
top of a structure.
• Soffit- the finished underside of the eaves
52. Weep Hole
• A small opening left in the outer wall of
masonry construction as an outlet for water
inside a building to move outside the wall and
evaporate.
53. Welded Wire Fabric
• It is used to reinforce concrete construction. It
is often used for floor slabs on well compacted
ground and walls. (picture)
