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Sea turtles biodiversity presentation
- 1. Marine Turtle CHIA YUH FEI 0324019 PENNY LEUNG 0328245 ONG CHIA HONG 0318458 TAN SHEN SIN 0324602
- 2. 7 Species of Sea Turtles Flatback - Natator depressus - Vulnerable Green - Chelonia mydas - Endangered Hawksbill - Eretmochelys imbricata - Critically Endangered Kemp's Ridley - Lepidochelys kempii - Critically Endangered Leatherback - Dermochelys coriacea - Critically Endangered Loggerhead - Caretta caretta - Endangered Olive Ridley - Lepidochelys olivacea - Vulnerable
- 3. Introduction • Brown & tan • Olive green • Black • Yellow • Greenish-brown • Reddish-brown Colour Sexual Dimorphism MALE - Longer & thicker tails - claws on the fore flippers are elongated and curved Male and female sea turtles do not differ externally until they approach maturity Diet Size - Leatherback (largest) • 1.2-1.9 m , 200-506 kg - Kemp's & Olive Ridley (smallest) • 55 -75 cm, 30-50 kg - Green sea turtles • 78-112 cm, 68-186 kg - Loggerheads • 82-105 cm, 66-101 kg - Hawksbills • 53-114 cm, 27 -86 kg - Flatbacks • 81 -97 cm, 60 -84 kg SeaGrass Crab Prawn Sea Cucumber Jellyfish Turnicates
- 5. Distribution and habitat LEATHERBACK SEA TURTLE DISTRIBUTION HABITAT The most widely distributed of all sea turtles; found in the Gulf of Alaska and south of the Bering Sea in the northeastern Pacific to Chile in the southeastern Pacific. In the Barents Sea, Newfoundland and Labrador in the North Atlantic; around Argentina and South Africa in the South Atlantic. Throughout the Indian Ocean; and to Tasmania and New Zealand in the southwestern Pacific. This species is found farther north than any other reptile, marine or terrestrial. Highly oceanic, approach coastal waters only during breeding season LEATHERBACK SEA TURTLES
- 7. Threats ● Habitat loss and degradation ● Collection of eggs and meat for consumption ● Incidental capture (bycatch) ● Climate change ● Pollution The main threats which affect Leatherback sea turtles are:
- 8. ● Habitat loss and degradation ● Collection of eggs and meat for consumption ● Incidental capture (bycatch) ● Climate change ● Pollution / Wildlife trade The main threats which affect Green sea turtles are:
- 9. Previous vs Current Condition Leatherback Sea Turtle Population status : Decreasing Conservation status : Critically Endangered The populations in the Pacific & Indian Oceans have undergone dramatic declines in the past 40 years. - 1982 : 115,000 adult females - 1996 : 30,000 ~ 40,000 adult females Nesting colony at Terengganu, Malaysia - 1968 : 3,000 - 1993 : 20 Numbers of females recorded at 4 formerly major Pacific rookeries : - Mexico : 250 - Costa Rica : 117 - Malaysia : 2 - Indonesia : 550
- 10. Leatherbacks have been recorded as far north as Alaska, and as far south as Africa's Cape of Good Hope. The Pacific may now have as few as 2,300 adult females. Africa’s Cape of Good Hope
- 11. Previous vs Current Condition Green Sea Turtle Population status : Decreasing Conservation status : Endangered - 1984 : 65% were lost due to predator attack at birth, fish nets getting wrapped around their neck & dying of a natural disease. - The chances of the species long term survival in ⅕ each year.
- 12. Economic and Ecological Importance
- 13. Maintaining Habitat When sea turtles graze, they increase the productivity and nutrient content of seagrass blades. Without constant grazing, seagrass beds become overgrown, obstruct current, shade the bottom and begin to decompose, provide suitable habitat for the growth of slime molds, algae, fungi and etc. Green Sea Turtle
- 14. NUTRIENT CYCLING (IMPROVE NESTING BEACHES) When females lay eggs on sandy shorelines, they introduce nutrients and energy from distant and dispersed foraging grounds into relatively small and nutrients-poor beaches Eggs hatch, most of the nutrients return to the sea as hatchlings Eggs fail to hatch, allowing nutrients to enter the detrital food chain Eggs consumed by predators
- 15. Conservation Effort NATIONAL LAW - Sea turtles are given legal protection and its under the Endagered Specaies Act (ESA) - Under protection of “Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) - Banned illegal import, sell or transport turtle - In Malaysia, sea turtle is protected under Wildlife Protection Ordinance 1998 that to prohibits commercial exploitation of turtles and their egg
- 16. - Establish marine protected areas, ensuring sea turtles have a safe place to nest, feed and migrate freely - Eliminating disturbances at nesting beaches by decreasing artificial lighting, limiting the impact of people on beach, which is known to deter females from nesting - The turtle nest will be protected and monitor, and baby turtle will be taking care until it reach the adulthood - There are few protected habits such as Barrier Island & Maritime Hammock PROTECTING MARINE TURTLE HABITAT
- 17. OTHER CONSERVATION GOALS - Enforcing of Turtle Excluder Device (TED) to decrease the turtle death cause by commercial fishing - Enforce national and international laws to minimize the dumping of pollutants and solid waste into the ocean - Crackdown on illegal international trade in sea turtles
- 18. Thank you
Notas del editor
- HI, GOOD AFTERNOON,IM YUH FEI, HERE IS MY GROUP MATES….. TODAY WE WILL BE PRESENTING ON THE MARINE TURTLE ALSO KNOWN AS SEA TURTLES.
- Green - named for the green color of the fat under its shell ( some place it also called black turtle) Hawksbill- for its narrow head and hawk-like beak. Kemp - named Kemp’s after Richard Kemp, who helped discover and study the turtle. No one is sure why it is called ridley, possibly due to having similar nesting behavior as the olive ridley. Leather back- named for its unique shell which is composed of a layer of thin, tough, rubbery skin, strengthened by thousands of tiny bone plates that makes it look “leathery.” Logger head- exceptionally large head. Olive ridley- olive green colored shell
- Food /diet Green - seagrass and algae(bigger than 10 inches vegetarian ) Leatherback - jellyfish and softshell animals
- Leatherback - are found in the northeastern and southeastern Pacific, in the North and South Atlantic, and throughout the Indian Oceans Green -are found in the Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, Mediterranean Sea, and Indo-Pacific.