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Angle (Exponential)
Modulation
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Determine the instantaneous frequency of the signal
The frequency of ф(t) is 5 Hz at t = 0 and increases linearly at a rate of 1 Hz per 2
second.

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Hence, in PM, the instantaneous frequency ωi varies
linearly with the derivative of the modulating signal 3

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10. H. W.
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If kf is very small (that is, if |kfa(t)| << 1), then all but the first two terms
are negligible
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15. The Maximum and Minimum carrier frequencies are ωc + kf mp and ωc - kf mp
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The deviation of carrier frequency is ± kf mp.
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22. bandwidth is unchanged so that B = 15 KHz
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