The document summarizes Reconstruction policies and problems in the Southern United States after the Civil War. Reconstruction attempted to give freed slaves freedom and equal rights through the establishment of the Freedman's Bureau and passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1866. However, Southerners resented these policies and the presence of Northern "carpetbaggers" in the South. Reconstruction ultimately ended in 1876 with the removal of federal troops and the loss of African American rights through discriminatory Black Codes.