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Where is my technology going? 
Mapping of adoption of technologies and 
assessing diffusion pathways 
using geospatial technologies 
Sander Zwart 
Africa Rice Center, Cotonou
Rural landscape
Rural landscape
Demonstration 
site (2013) 
Project intervention
Demonstration 
site (2013) 
Project intervention 
Smart-valley demonstration site
Project intervention 
Smart-valleys: 
Participatory low-cost development approach for rice-based 
systems in inland valleys that is easy to replicate. 
(drainage canals, field bunds, land levelling and where possible 
irrigation canals) 
Demonstration 
site (2013) 
Smart-valley demonstration site 
Project approach: 
Development of demonstration sites and stimulate diffusion and 
adoption. 
Training field technicians from national partners, extension services 
and NGO’s, as well as lead-farmers. 
Achievements: 
60+ demonstration sites developed in Togo and Benin (2012-13) 
100+ field technicians trained 
100’s of farmers trained on-the-job 
Large-scale adoption observed (2014)
Demonstration 
site (2013) 
Adoption site 
(2014) 
Adoption site 
(2014) 
Site expansion 
(2014) 
Project adoption
Demonstration 
site (2013) 
Adoption site 
(2015) 
Adoption site 
(2014) 
Adoption site 
(2014) 
Site expansion 
(2014) 
Site expansion 
(2015) 
Adoption site 
(2015) 
Adoption site 
(2015) 
Site expansion 
(2015) 
Project adoption 
Adoption site 
(2015)
Demonstration 
site (2013) 
Adoption site 
(2015) 
Adoption site 
(2014) 
Adoption site 
(2014) 
Site expansion 
(2014) 
Site expansion 
(2015) 
Adoption site 
(2015) 
Adoption site 
(2015) 
Site expansion 
(2015) 
Project adoption 
Adoption site 
(2015)
Large-scale adoption of Smart-valley approach takes place: 
Demonstration 
site (2013) 
Adoption site 
(2015) 
Adoption site 
(2014) 
Adoption site 
(2014) 
Site expansion 
(2014) 
Site expansion 
(2015) 
Adoption site 
(2015) 
Adoption site 
(2015) 
Site expansion 
(2015) 
Project adoption 
Adoption site 
(2015) 
• Farmers expand existing demonstration sites 
• Farmers in demonstration sites develop new sites elsewhere 
• Farmers develop new sites supervised by trained field officers 
• Farmers develop new sites supervised by trained lead-farmers 
• Farmers copy the approach and develop sites without project 
support 
• NGO’s and national agricultural development projects adopt the 
approach and develop sites with farmers.
Demonstration 
site (2013) 
Adoption site 
(2015) 
Adoption site 
(2014) 
Adoption site 
(2014) 
Site expansion 
(2014) 
Site expansion 
(2015) 
Adoption site 
(2015) 
Adoption site 
(2015) 
Site expansion 
(2015) 
Project adoption 
Adoption site 
(2015) 
- Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques? 
- Can we map and model the diffusion pathways? 
- Can impact surveys be targeted better using geo-spatial 
information?
April 2, 2010 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO 
Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques? 
Inland valley boundary
April 2, 2010 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO 
Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques?
December 30, 2013 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO 
Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques?
December 30, 2013 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO 
Inland valley 
rice development 
Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques? 
Upland rice 
development?
April 2, 2010 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO 
Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques?
December 30, 2013 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO 
Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques?
December 30, 2013 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO 
- Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques? 
Object-based image classification + change detection analysis 
Using high-resolution imagery. 
Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques?
December 30, 2013 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO 
- Can we map and model the diffusion pathways? 
• Adoption takes place in inland valleys 
• Adoption take place close to 
demonstration sites (buffers) 
• Adoption requires a road network (travel distances from 
extension services) 
Spatial analysis & modelling in GIS 
Required: detailed inventory of adoption sites 
and existing diffusion pathways 
Can we map and model the diffusion pathways? 
monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques?
December 30, 2013 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO 
- Can impact surveys be targeted better using geo-spatial 
information? 
? 
Improved accuracy? 
Improved sample selection? 
Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques?

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Where is my technology going? - Mapping of adoption of technologies and assessing diffusion pathways using geospatial technologies

  • 1. Where is my technology going? Mapping of adoption of technologies and assessing diffusion pathways using geospatial technologies Sander Zwart Africa Rice Center, Cotonou
  • 4. Demonstration site (2013) Project intervention
  • 5. Demonstration site (2013) Project intervention Smart-valley demonstration site
  • 6. Project intervention Smart-valleys: Participatory low-cost development approach for rice-based systems in inland valleys that is easy to replicate. (drainage canals, field bunds, land levelling and where possible irrigation canals) Demonstration site (2013) Smart-valley demonstration site Project approach: Development of demonstration sites and stimulate diffusion and adoption. Training field technicians from national partners, extension services and NGO’s, as well as lead-farmers. Achievements: 60+ demonstration sites developed in Togo and Benin (2012-13) 100+ field technicians trained 100’s of farmers trained on-the-job Large-scale adoption observed (2014)
  • 7. Demonstration site (2013) Adoption site (2014) Adoption site (2014) Site expansion (2014) Project adoption
  • 8. Demonstration site (2013) Adoption site (2015) Adoption site (2014) Adoption site (2014) Site expansion (2014) Site expansion (2015) Adoption site (2015) Adoption site (2015) Site expansion (2015) Project adoption Adoption site (2015)
  • 9. Demonstration site (2013) Adoption site (2015) Adoption site (2014) Adoption site (2014) Site expansion (2014) Site expansion (2015) Adoption site (2015) Adoption site (2015) Site expansion (2015) Project adoption Adoption site (2015)
  • 10. Large-scale adoption of Smart-valley approach takes place: Demonstration site (2013) Adoption site (2015) Adoption site (2014) Adoption site (2014) Site expansion (2014) Site expansion (2015) Adoption site (2015) Adoption site (2015) Site expansion (2015) Project adoption Adoption site (2015) • Farmers expand existing demonstration sites • Farmers in demonstration sites develop new sites elsewhere • Farmers develop new sites supervised by trained field officers • Farmers develop new sites supervised by trained lead-farmers • Farmers copy the approach and develop sites without project support • NGO’s and national agricultural development projects adopt the approach and develop sites with farmers.
  • 11. Demonstration site (2013) Adoption site (2015) Adoption site (2014) Adoption site (2014) Site expansion (2014) Site expansion (2015) Adoption site (2015) Adoption site (2015) Site expansion (2015) Project adoption Adoption site (2015) - Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques? - Can we map and model the diffusion pathways? - Can impact surveys be targeted better using geo-spatial information?
  • 12. April 2, 2010 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques? Inland valley boundary
  • 13. April 2, 2010 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques?
  • 14. December 30, 2013 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques?
  • 15. December 30, 2013 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO Inland valley rice development Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques? Upland rice development?
  • 16. April 2, 2010 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques?
  • 17. December 30, 2013 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques?
  • 18. December 30, 2013 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO - Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques? Object-based image classification + change detection analysis Using high-resolution imagery. Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques?
  • 19. December 30, 2013 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO - Can we map and model the diffusion pathways? • Adoption takes place in inland valleys • Adoption take place close to demonstration sites (buffers) • Adoption requires a road network (travel distances from extension services) Spatial analysis & modelling in GIS Required: detailed inventory of adoption sites and existing diffusion pathways Can we map and model the diffusion pathways? monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques?
  • 20. December 30, 2013 Gnatre demonstration site, Kara province, TOGO - Can impact surveys be targeted better using geo-spatial information? ? Improved accuracy? Improved sample selection? Can we monitor adoption with geo-spatial techniques?