1. HYDROGEN
Yudha satria
2011

2. Introduction..
• Hydrogen is most abundant element in
luminous universe
• It rarely found in earth as H2
• Largest reservoar of hydrogen in the world
• Hydrogen as renewable energy with very good
prospect
• Producing the Hydrogen

3. Hydrogen isotopes..
Hydrogen
Deuterium : known as heavy water if bounding with O
Tritium : radioactive matter

4. Physical Properties..
• Second lowest boiling point (-272.78 C)
• Density ; 0.08375 kg/m3
• Specific volume : 11.940 m3/kg
• Follow the ideal gas law behavior
• At high pressure, its behaviour added by
compressibility factor,measured directly
• It can diffuse through material

5. Chemical property..
• It can reacting with almost all organic or
chemical elements..

6. Fuel property..
• Burns with air and form H2O
• HHV : 285.83 kj/mol
• LHV : 241.82 kj/mol
• Lowest energy density

7. Compared with another fuel..
• Methane has >3 times energy content than
hydrogen..
• Gasoline has >3000x energy density than
Hydrogen..
• That’s why we don’t burn H2 as fuel..

8. Fuel cell..
• What is fuel cell..?

9. Why fuel cell..
• Maximum eficiency 83%
• Rest 17% is heat generated
• Gasoline engine had efficiency 18-38%
• Turbine engine had efficiency 40%

10. Fuel Cell Vehicles..
• Operate two times more efficiency (fuel tank
to wheel) than most efficient gasoline cars..
• Analyzed as :
7kg Hydrogen Compressed 35 Mpa can travel
700km
equal with 300 l gas tank
equal with 70 l gasoline tank

11. Traditional hydrogen application..
• Worlds consumption 50 million tonnes/yr
• Ammonia production
• Petroleum industry
hydrodesulfurization, hydrocracking

12. Apllication hydrogen in vehicle..
• The chicken-or-egg problem..
• Efficiency comparison between hydrogen
power to nuclear power..

13. Target improvement of fuel cell..

14. Where the positions of Indonesia..?
• Past
• Now
• Future

15. Hydrogen
Production..
• Chemical
reforming
• Electrolysis
• Thermochemical
process

17. Chemical reforming..

18. Chemical reforming..
• Almost always implies steam, so commonly
called steam Reforming
• Basically, consisit of two steps, high
temperature and low temperature
• At each steps difference based of catalyst
• Low temperature steps, almost used to
increase yield and efficiency
• Then, separated until 99.98% pure hydrogen

19. Steam reforming..

20. Electrolysis..
• Splitting Hydrogen and Oxygen with electricity
power
• It’s produced 99.99% pure Hydrogen
• Conventional electolyzer (AWE)
• Polymer electrolyte Membrane (PEM)
• Solid Electrolyzer (SOE)

21. Hydrolysis..

22. How PEM and SOE works..

23. Thermochemical Process..
• Thermal decomposition, namely thermolysis
• Started with heating pure water,reaction start
2000C and finished 5000C
• Thermochemical : using cyclic chemical
reaction, employs reacting chemicals
• Can reduce the temperature
• Potential to hybridize with nuclear reactor

24. Thermochemical Hydrogen Process..

25. Conclusion..
• Hydrogen is very potential future energy
• Hydrogen can produced more clean and more
efficient now
• Nuclear grown and Hydrogen producing can
move side by side
• Study hard and never ending trial and error
make this happen

26. Thankyou..
Waiting for the
next season :
Hydrogen
Production
(detailed)