In the modern digital age, where social interaction has undergone a significant shift towards online platforms, particularly accelerated by the global pandemic, technology has emerged as a powerful force in influencing individuals through Algorithms of Minds AoM . AoM are computer algorithms engineered to attain the human minds attention to influence or alter the mind consciously or subconsciously, with a specific intent. The recent surge in attention towards algorithms of minds, characterised by algorithm heavy software applications, has become increasingly prominent. This paper explores two key playing algorithms. As such, heightened awareness, transparency, and ethical oversight are imperative to mitigate the adverse consequences of algorithmic interventions in shaping societal discourse and individual decision making. Sujay Ashwin "Algorithm of Minds (AoM): Algorithms That Control You!" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63471.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/cognitive-science/63471/algorithm-of-minds-aom-algorithms-that-control-you/sujay-ashwin
The document discusses computerized accounting systems and their benefits compared to manual accounting systems. It provides examples of popular accounting software like Microsoft Excel, Sage, QuickBooks, and EFTPOS. These computerized systems allow for automatic summing, list autofill, easy organization of financial information, online banking capabilities, and electronic funds transfer at point of sale. They make accounting easier and less prone to errors compared to manual systems. The document also discusses career opportunities and benefits of working in management information systems or health care information management fields, such as high salaries, long-term career growth, and strong job market demand.
Artificial intelligence, particularly machine learning, is poised to have a major transformational impact on business. While AI is already used by thousands of companies, most big opportunities have yet to be tapped. Machine learning systems have achieved superhuman performance in areas like image recognition, speech recognition, and games like Go. However, their capabilities are still narrow - they have mastered specific tasks but lack general intelligence. The most progress has been in supervised learning, where systems are trained on large datasets with labeled examples to predict outputs. As more data and computing power become available, the potential for machine learning to automate tasks and transform industries will increase dramatically in the coming decade.
RPA - The new era of robotics and beyondRaymond Koh
To understand robotics, let us take a brief look back at the beginnings and the progress made over
the past 60 years (see diagram, “Robotics timeline”).
The document discusses the 60th anniversary of CCITT/ITU-T and artificial intelligence. It notes that 10 mobile/cloud companies achieving $4 trillion in market cap and that China's AI market is $337 billion. It discusses how AI is driving unprecedented changes through hyper time compression of innovations and extreme convergence across multiple domains. AI is also helping to track progress on the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. The ITU is partnering with IBM Watson on AI initiatives and standards are being discussed. Overall, the document outlines how AI is massively impacting the economy, society and driving disruption through new technologies.
I have provided a methodology for PR people to keep up-to-date with new things that are going to be important in the near future. I shall be adding content to it for the next couple of months.
Challenges and Solution for Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity of the USAvishal dineshkumar soni
This document discusses challenges and solutions for artificial intelligence in cybersecurity in the USA. It begins with an abstract that introduces AI and its key features. The introduction discusses the difference between machine learning and AI and how both are advancing technology. The literature review covers how the US is a leader in AI development and its applications in manufacturing, healthcare, education and more. It also discusses challenges of securing AI systems. The document proposes that investing in AI for cybersecurity can help detect cyber attacks faster and enhance defenses. It suggests using AI to enhance the trustworthiness of systems through more reliable identity management, detecting errors in software, and access control.
The Future of Work: How AI is Shaping Employment and IndustriesKelvin Martins
"The Future of Work: How AI is Shaping Employment and Industries" is a concise eBook exploring AI's impact on workforce dynamics and industry landscapes. Through real-life examples and practical insights, readers gain an understanding of how AI is transforming job roles, organizational structures, and the overall landscape of work.
The document discusses computerized accounting systems and their benefits compared to manual accounting systems. It provides examples of popular accounting software like Microsoft Excel, Sage, QuickBooks, and EFTPOS. These computerized systems allow for automatic summing, list autofill, easy organization of financial information, online banking capabilities, and electronic funds transfer at point of sale. They make accounting easier and less prone to errors compared to manual systems. The document also discusses career opportunities and benefits of working in management information systems or health care information management fields, such as high salaries, long-term career growth, and strong job market demand.
Artificial intelligence, particularly machine learning, is poised to have a major transformational impact on business. While AI is already used by thousands of companies, most big opportunities have yet to be tapped. Machine learning systems have achieved superhuman performance in areas like image recognition, speech recognition, and games like Go. However, their capabilities are still narrow - they have mastered specific tasks but lack general intelligence. The most progress has been in supervised learning, where systems are trained on large datasets with labeled examples to predict outputs. As more data and computing power become available, the potential for machine learning to automate tasks and transform industries will increase dramatically in the coming decade.
RPA - The new era of robotics and beyondRaymond Koh
To understand robotics, let us take a brief look back at the beginnings and the progress made over
the past 60 years (see diagram, “Robotics timeline”).
The document discusses the 60th anniversary of CCITT/ITU-T and artificial intelligence. It notes that 10 mobile/cloud companies achieving $4 trillion in market cap and that China's AI market is $337 billion. It discusses how AI is driving unprecedented changes through hyper time compression of innovations and extreme convergence across multiple domains. AI is also helping to track progress on the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. The ITU is partnering with IBM Watson on AI initiatives and standards are being discussed. Overall, the document outlines how AI is massively impacting the economy, society and driving disruption through new technologies.
I have provided a methodology for PR people to keep up-to-date with new things that are going to be important in the near future. I shall be adding content to it for the next couple of months.
Challenges and Solution for Artificial Intelligence in Cybersecurity of the USAvishal dineshkumar soni
This document discusses challenges and solutions for artificial intelligence in cybersecurity in the USA. It begins with an abstract that introduces AI and its key features. The introduction discusses the difference between machine learning and AI and how both are advancing technology. The literature review covers how the US is a leader in AI development and its applications in manufacturing, healthcare, education and more. It also discusses challenges of securing AI systems. The document proposes that investing in AI for cybersecurity can help detect cyber attacks faster and enhance defenses. It suggests using AI to enhance the trustworthiness of systems through more reliable identity management, detecting errors in software, and access control.
The Future of Work: How AI is Shaping Employment and IndustriesKelvin Martins
"The Future of Work: How AI is Shaping Employment and Industries" is a concise eBook exploring AI's impact on workforce dynamics and industry landscapes. Through real-life examples and practical insights, readers gain an understanding of how AI is transforming job roles, organizational structures, and the overall landscape of work.
The advent of artificial super intelligence and its impactsFernando Alcoforado
Artificial Super Intelligence will be the first technology to potentially surpass humans in all dimensions. Until now, human beings have had a monopoly on decision-making and therefore have control over everything. With Artificial Super Intelligence, this can end. A wide range of consequences can occur, including extremely good consequences and consequences as bad as the extinction of the human species.
Top 10 Information technology trend 2022.docxAdvance Tech
Information technology is one of the more exciting trends emerging in the 21st century. In the next decade, the Information Technology sector will become the most critical sector of the global economy, with no other industry even approaching it as an economy.
Technology has fundamentally changed every industry, including banking, telecoms, health care, telecommunications and media. In the future, advanced Technology will enable people to overcome climate change and find a better way to live. Sectors of society will become obsolete the Internet will transform them into a new future.
https://advancetech.info/information-technology-trend/
Computer science is an emerging field with new developments occurring frequently. Some of the latest trends discussed include big data, bioinformatics, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, deep learning, and methods of communication. Big data deals with processing and analyzing huge amounts of data from different sources. Bioinformatics is the interaction of biology and computer science to collect and process biological data. Cloud computing provides shared computing resources over the internet. Artificial intelligence aims to impart human thinking to computers, while deep learning is a subfield of machine learning using neural networks to solve complex problems. Cyber security and internet of things are also discussed.
Konica Minolta - Artificial Intelligence White PaperEyal Benedek
The evolution of artificial intelligence in the workplace
Since the first appearance of the words “artificial intelligence” more than 60 years ago, our imaginations have been sparked. Imagine creating computers that simulate human intelligence.
AI has the potential to profoundly influence our lives, perhaps to the point when our world can be better understood and even predicted. In workplaces we can develop systems through which AI may evolve. And Konica Minolta is progressing with the concept of intelligent hubs which will provide businesses with insight, support and greater collaboration.
By combining our core technologies with transformative solutions in the digital workplace, we’re evolving to become a problem-solving digital company creating new value for people and society.
1) The document discusses the evolution of artificial intelligence in workplaces and Konica Minolta's vision for cognitive hubs.
2) Konica Minolta sees the future workplace as a digital cortex created by connecting people, sensors and devices. They are developing AI and cognitive hubs to provide context-aware decision support in digital workplaces.
3) Konica Minolta's vision is to create an entirely new cyber-physical platform as a cognitive hub that aggregates physical and digital data to provide intelligence-based services.
Here are some key implications and roles for the library:
- The library will need to implement AI technologies to automate routine tasks and workflows, freeing up staff for more advanced roles requiring human skills like critical thinking, creativity and empathy.
- Roles for the library may include supporting data literacy initiatives, providing training on AI tools, collaborating with researchers on AI projects, and helping ensure ethical, responsible and inclusive use of AI.
- The library can help democratize access to AI by developing services that make AI interfaces and capabilities available to all members of the university community.
- Space and infrastructure in the library may need to be adapted to support functions like data science labs, makerspaces for AI prototyping
Unlock the future of AI/ML services with our insights into the 9 key trends shaping 2024. From advanced neural networks to ethical AI practices, stay ahead with cutting-edge innovations. Discover how Mooglelabs is revolutionizing AI/ML services to drive efficiency, enhance customer experiences, and propel businesses into the future.
The document discusses Deloitte Consulting LLP's Enterprise Science offering which employs techniques such as machine learning, data science and advanced algorithms to create solutions for clients. It provides three types of cognitive services: cognitive automation which uses natural language processing to automate processes; cognitive engagement which applies machine learning to personalize customer interactions; and cognitive insight which uses data science and machine learning to detect patterns and support business performance. The document provides contact information for two individuals, Plamen Petrov and Rajeev Ronanki, for more details on Enterprise Science.
This document provides an introduction to Society 5.0, the fourth industrial revolution, and related technologies such as artificial intelligence. It discusses how these concepts and technologies are impacting research and information professions. Society 5.0 is a vision for a new society that balances economic advancement with addressing social problems through highly integrating cyber and physical spaces. It is linked to concepts like the UN's sustainable development goals. The fourth industrial revolution involves new technologies like AI, robotics, and IoT that are transforming many industries and aspects of modern life. The document discusses various AI technologies and their applications. It also outlines some of the impacts these technologies are having on fields like research and libraries/information professions.
The document discusses the top 10 technology trends driving the 4th Industrial Revolution according to Bernard Marr. The trends are: 1) artificial intelligence and machine learning, 2) the internet of things, 3) big data, 4) blockchains, 5) cloud and edge computing, 6) robots and cobots, 7) autonomous vehicles, 8) the 5G network, 9) genomics and gene editing, and 10) quantum computing. Marr believes these technologies will transform our lives and the world in the next decade.
This document discusses trends in generative AI and data analytics for higher education institutions. It provides an overview of current and future technologies including OpenAI, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, generative AI, the Internet of Things, the metaverse, large language models, and McKinsey & Company tech trends. The event was organized by the Association of Self-Financing Arts, Science & Management Colleges of Tamilnadu and featured presentations by experts from Wise Work on these topics and their applications for education.
Artificial Intelligence and the Field of Robotics: A Systematic Approach to C...IRJET Journal
This document provides a literature review on the role of artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics in enhancing cybersecurity and healthcare systems. It discusses how AI is being used for intrusion detection, malware detection, and robotic security systems to strengthen cybersecurity. In healthcare, AI techniques like deep learning and machine learning are developing systems that can autonomously diagnose diseases from medical images and generate reports. However, the research finds that AI in these fields is still new and requires further study in the future to address challenges like a lack of transparency in models, potential for systematic mistakes, and conflicting interests.
The document discusses the four phases - standardization, usability, consumerization, and foundationalization - through which breakthrough technologies like computing and the internet progressed from limited research projects to widespread adoption and integration into society. It argues artificial intelligence is following a similar path, starting with standardization efforts, then a focus on usability, large-scale consumer adoption, and ultimately becoming an invisible foundation of digital infrastructure and activities. Understanding these phases can help organizations properly position themselves to benefit from AI's development and value.
This document discusses emerging technology trends and provides an overview of several key trends: smart machines, artificial intelligence, 3D printing, augmented reality, predictive analytics, the internet of things, big data, and wearables. The author's goal is to help the audience understand these rapidly changing technologies and how they will impact how people interact with technology. Each trend is defined and examples are given to illustrate real-world applications and leaders in each field.
Report 2 empathic things – intimate technology - from wearables to biohackin...Rick Bouter
In the second report we focused on the personalized internet of things. We are witnessing a computer boom in terms of kinds, shapes and sizes – around, on or inside the body. Therefore we explored the coming transition toward a more empathic and contextual form of computerization. The emergence of wearable computing and other forms of empathic ‘things’ seems a logical further step: even more intimate, more human-oriented, and ubiquitous. We explored this development and present seven manifestations that can define the impact on business, such as the ‘quantified employee’ and the ‘body as the new password’.
Source, Sogeti ViNT: http://vint.sogeti.com/internet-things-4-reports/
The fourth stage of the Industrial Revolution is upon us due to the far-reaching integration, accelerated by the Internet of Things, of Operational Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT). This creates completely new opportunities as a result of new combinations of mental, physical and mechanical work by integrating the internet, sensors and embedded systems.
The Internet of Things enabled IT/OT convergence leads to cost reduction as a consequence of predictive maintenance, speed and intelligence, thanks to Machine-to-Machine communication and improved forms of Human-Machine Interaction. M2M interaction between and within machines and systems is the cyber-physical heart of the Fourth Industrial Revolution.
The objective of this module is to provide an overview of the basic information on big data.
Upon completion of this module you will:
-Comprehend the emerging role of big data
-Understand the key terms regarding big and smart data
- Know how big data can be turned into smart data
- Be able to apply the key terms regarding big data
Duration of the module: approximately 1 – 2 hours
AI & Innovation, Emerging trends & Future directions in AI.pptxssuser9437e3
Artificial intelligence is being applied in many areas of daily life such as smartphones, social media, music/media streaming, video games, smart homes, security/surveillance, keyboards/apps, healthcare, e-commerce, email, vehicles, drones, banking/finance, online ads, and navigation/travel. Some key applications include personal assistants, recommendations, automation, detection/diagnosis, fraud prevention, translations, and customized experiences based on individual users. AI is already widely used and its applications continue to expand across more industries and services.
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
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1) The document discusses the evolution of artificial intelligence in workplaces and Konica Minolta's vision for cognitive hubs.
2) Konica Minolta sees the future workplace as a digital cortex created by connecting people, sensors and devices. They are developing AI and cognitive hubs to provide context-aware decision support in digital workplaces.
3) Konica Minolta's vision is to create an entirely new cyber-physical platform as a cognitive hub that aggregates physical and digital data to provide intelligence-based services.
Here are some key implications and roles for the library:
- The library will need to implement AI technologies to automate routine tasks and workflows, freeing up staff for more advanced roles requiring human skills like critical thinking, creativity and empathy.
- Roles for the library may include supporting data literacy initiatives, providing training on AI tools, collaborating with researchers on AI projects, and helping ensure ethical, responsible and inclusive use of AI.
- The library can help democratize access to AI by developing services that make AI interfaces and capabilities available to all members of the university community.
- Space and infrastructure in the library may need to be adapted to support functions like data science labs, makerspaces for AI prototyping
Unlock the future of AI/ML services with our insights into the 9 key trends shaping 2024. From advanced neural networks to ethical AI practices, stay ahead with cutting-edge innovations. Discover how Mooglelabs is revolutionizing AI/ML services to drive efficiency, enhance customer experiences, and propel businesses into the future.
The document discusses Deloitte Consulting LLP's Enterprise Science offering which employs techniques such as machine learning, data science and advanced algorithms to create solutions for clients. It provides three types of cognitive services: cognitive automation which uses natural language processing to automate processes; cognitive engagement which applies machine learning to personalize customer interactions; and cognitive insight which uses data science and machine learning to detect patterns and support business performance. The document provides contact information for two individuals, Plamen Petrov and Rajeev Ronanki, for more details on Enterprise Science.
This document provides an introduction to Society 5.0, the fourth industrial revolution, and related technologies such as artificial intelligence. It discusses how these concepts and technologies are impacting research and information professions. Society 5.0 is a vision for a new society that balances economic advancement with addressing social problems through highly integrating cyber and physical spaces. It is linked to concepts like the UN's sustainable development goals. The fourth industrial revolution involves new technologies like AI, robotics, and IoT that are transforming many industries and aspects of modern life. The document discusses various AI technologies and their applications. It also outlines some of the impacts these technologies are having on fields like research and libraries/information professions.
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The fourth stage of the Industrial Revolution is upon us due to the far-reaching integration, accelerated by the Internet of Things, of Operational Technology (OT) and Information Technology (IT). This creates completely new opportunities as a result of new combinations of mental, physical and mechanical work by integrating the internet, sensors and embedded systems.
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-Understand the key terms regarding big and smart data
- Know how big data can be turned into smart data
- Be able to apply the key terms regarding big data
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Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
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"machine learning algorithms," often commonly
referred to as "AI algorithms".
Machine learning is essentially a process where
machines learn about you—your behaviour,
preferences, habits, and more. While the foundations
of machine learning date back to the 1950s, it wasn't
until the 2010s, with the widespread accessibility of
the internet through devices like smartphones, that
machine learning experienced a remarkable surge in
popularity. This recent jump seems to correspond to
an easier access across multiple devices to the online
world where machines could easily pick up bits of
information about us – like every online purchase and
review etc. hence the digital data terrain experienced
exponential growth.
With this explosion of data and the merger of
machine learning algorithms, our decisions and habits
became the objects of their learning. Corporations in
particular – powerful bodies – made good use of this
information in their businesses or on-the-quiet gains.
The algorithms have been designed for the sole
purpose of quality, pertinent recommendations that
are tailor-made to improve our decision-making
processes. Apparently, most users may attest that
personalised recommendations offered by either of
these algorithms usually contain an insidious current
within them. The speed and magnitude where this
reach us through the contemporary platforms, and the
mainstream channels like social media, entertainment,
information dispensation, as well as video
applications has indeed raised meaningful concerns.
This intricate interplay will be explored further in
subsequent discussions.
Algorithm of Minds
The term "Algorithms of Minds" is introduced for the
first time in this paper. Algorithms of mind are
computer algorithms engineered to attain the human
mind's attention to influence or alter the mind
consciously or subconsciously, with a specific intent.
Abbreviated as AoM, the term is derived from the
combination of "Algorithm" and "Minds." In this
context, "Algorithm" refers to algorithms that are
meticulously designed and trained to deal with the
human mind, while "Minds" pertains to the mind of
the humans or the user who comes into contact with
the algorithm, aiming to capture attention or effect
alterations as needed.
The recent surge in attention towards algorithms of
minds, characterised by algorithm-heavy software
applications, has become increasinglyprominent. The
transformation in our interaction with the internet
emerged distinctly following the Web 2.0 revolution,
wherein social networks adopted machine learning
algorithms to influence our actions based on learned
behaviours. However, the spotlight on Mind Dealing
Algorithms, denoted as (AoM) entered a new phase
during the global pandemic and yet continuing after
posting pandemic new normal 4IR, wherein
individuals were primarily left with data-generating
devices and applications, particularly smartphones,
AoM-heavy applications became ubiquitous.
These applications heavily rely on recommendation
systems tailored to our preferences. As machine
learning algorithms progressively monitor our
decisions and actions, they attain a level of potency
that allows them to predict our next moves. In some
instances, they even take on the role of decision-
makers, illustrating a scenario where a dependent
entity controls an independent one – our minds.
The exponential growth of social media platform
usage time over recent years can be predominantly
attributed to the pervasive influence of algorithms of
minds (AoM). These algorithms are designed to be as
addictive and influential as possible, marking a
significant chapter in the contemporary internet era
(4IR). For the purposes of this paper, the terms
"Algorithm of Minds" and "AoM" encompass a broad
spectrum of algorithms designed to interact with the
human mind for diverse purposes.
Algorithm that shaped the internet era
Undeniably, numerous factors contributed to the
significant paradigm shift observed during the Web
2.0 revolution, the central and indisputable role of
machine learning algorithms cannot be overstated.
The landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) had
experienced a downturn during the AI winter,
spanning the late 1970s to the 1990s, characterised by
a lack of enthusiasm due to limited experimentation
and applications. This dearth of opportunities led to a
constrained scope within the field.
However, the dynamics underwent a complete
overhaul with the advent of the internet era,
particularly during the Web 2.0 phase, where data
emerged as the lifeblood for machine learning
algorithms. The ascendancy of machine learning in
the 21st century can be attributed to the principles of
Moore's Law (in data) and its exponential growth. As
computing power became more cost-effective, the
training of AI algorithms with extensive datasets
became a reality, fostering tremendous growth.
In the contemporary landscape, machine learning has
permeated social network applications and
personalised content feeds, leveraging user
interactions, preferences, and sharing patterns. This
profound engagement has evolved beyond mere
content consumption, extending to influence various
aspects of our lives – from the media we choose to
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consume to the individuals we opt to connect with
romantically. Machine learning algorithms, embedded
in platforms such as YouTube or Amazon, are not
only instrumental in garnering vast audiences but are
also significant contributors to corporations'
multibillion-dollar earnings. The rise of ML
algorithms during the Web 2.0 era marks a
transformative chapter in the evolution of the internet.
Their ability to harness data and personalise
experiences has fundamentally reshaped our online
interactions, blurring the lines between consumer and
data point.
This transformative influence of machine learning
algorithms serves as a precursor to the envisioned
future of Web 3.0, characterised by the integration of
artificial intelligence, suggesting a continued and
evolving role for these algorithms in shaping the
digital landscape.
Are computer algorithms controlling us?
The ubiquitous presence of computer algorithms in
our daily lives raises a provocative question: Is the
omnipresence of computer algorithms tantamount to
control over our lives? The query is inherently
subjective, especially among those navigating these
algorithms in their daily routines. However, when
examined from a broader perspective and viewed
through a statistical lens, a compelling narrative
emerges. According to statistical data, there has been
a 13% surge in daily screen time since 2013, equating
to an additional 49 minutes. In 2024, this screen time
incrementally rose by 1%, accounting for an extra 4
minutes compared to 2021 [1]. This substantial
increase is attributed to people predominantly
immersing ourselves in a landscape dominated by
short-form videos, curated social media feeds, and
personalised recommendations – spaces where
content suggestion algorithms reign supreme.
Returning to the central question—do computer
algorithms exert control over us? Algorithms,
essentially intricate sets of codes crafted by computer
engineers, inherently reflect the intentions of their
creators or the organisation. in the context of social
media, these algorithms wield a transformative
power, capable of shaping social norms and
behaviours, potentially encroaching upon individual
agency and autonomy [2]. Thus, the question elicits a
dual response: subjectively, the answer may vary
from person to person, oscillating between yes and
no; however, statistically, the affirmative prevails,
affirming the substantial impact these algorithms
wield over our cognitive landscapes.
How algorithms subliminally impact our daily
life?
As the 21st century unfolds, the boundaries between
online and offline blur, rendering social media and
digital interactions an integral part of the human
experience. Within this landscape, we encounter
mind-targeting algorithms, ubiquitous and often
opaque digital operatives that learn from our every
click, scroll, and like. Their reach extends far beyond
mere convenience, subtly influencing our actions,
thoughts, and motivations through the very tools we
embrace daily. Drawing parallels to traditional
nudges in behavioural economics, algorithms employ
sophisticated techniques to steer our online choices.
These "choice architects," as Thaler and Sunstein
aptly termed them, subtly influence our decision-
making by framing options, highlighting desirable
features, and leveraging cognitive biases [3].
Similarly, social media algorithms personalise
content, prioritise engaging posts, and recommend
individuals to follow, subtly shaping our social
spheres and influencing our perceptions. This tailored
environment can, albeit unintentionally, nudge us
towards confirmation bias, favouring information that
reinforces our existing beliefs and limiting exposure
to diverse viewpoints.
A growing body of research underscores this
profound impact, highlighting how these algorithms
nudge us towards specific behaviours, reinforce
existing social norms, and even construct echo
chambers that filter our realities. While the extent of
their influence remains open to debate, Nevertheless,
the undeniable truth remains — these algorithms
undeniably wield a profound impact on the psyche,
and the discernible shifts in contemporary human
behaviours align with it.
Algorithms that are controlling us
The internet as we know it today is a bustling
marketplace of information and experiences, it is
being controlled by invisible hands that is
manipulated through numerous mind-intensive
algorithms. There are numerous algorithms that
contribute to this dynamic landscape, but some play a
particularly salient role in directing our attention and
affecting our online interactions in ways that have
veritably reshaped the fabric of the web world. The
reality of this impact is quite objective, of course, but
also very subjective. This paper explores into two
such key players: ranking algorithms and
collaborative filtering algorithms.
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1.1 Ranking algorithms
In this context, "ranking" denotes the process of
arranging online content sequentially, based on
relevance, and facilitating real-time matching. While
seemingly straightforward, this function serves as the
cornerstone of contemporary online experiences.
Initially, ranking algorithms were introduced in
Google's search engine, aiming to priorities web
pages to display the most pertinent results
prominently. However, with the advent of the web 2.0
transition, characterised by the vast online content,
these algorithms gained a newfound significance.
Their role expanded to retaining user engagement by
adeptly curating content to prolong user interaction.
Algorithms have morphed into sophisticated
"Learning to Rank" (LTR) systems, wielding
immense power to keep users engaged. Their primary
objective is to optimise user retention by tailoring
content recommendations based on various user
parameters, such as preferences and beliefs. The
personalised nature of these recommendations
ensures that users are presented with content tailored
to their interests, thus prolonging their engagement.
Behind the scenes, machine learning (ML) and deep
learning (DL) algorithms power these
recommendation systems.
Though their inner workings remain shrouded in
secrecy by platforms such as YouTube, Instagram,
TikTok, and X (formerly Twitter), Twitter/X recently
shed some light, Twitter, in particular, has gained
notoriety for its addictive nature, attributed in part to
its sophisticated ranking algorithm, revealing a
massive neural network with approximately 48
million parameters trained on user interactions (likes,
retweets, replies) to predict engagement potential [4].
This "engagement score" dictates individual tweet
visibility, essentially creating a loop that compels
users to spend more time glued to their screens.
The addictive nature of these platforms highlights the
undeniable hold algorithms have on our daily lives.
They subtly manipulate our attention spans, shaping
what we see, how we interact, and potentially even
influencing our opinions. This raises the crucial
question: are these algorithms, the "Algorithm of
Minds" (AoM), truly in control?
The answer, like the algorithms themselves, is
complex. It is undeniable that these algorithms wield
significant influence over user behaviour and daily
routines, underscoring their pervasive control over
user engagement.
1.2 Collaborative recommendation algorithms
Collaborative recommendation algorithms, in their
entirety, are a strong tool within the power set of
strong recommender systems, which have had a
strong impact on the ascent of web services and
content platforms such as Amazon, Netflix, YouTube,
or Instagram. Understanding what a customer would
prefer before the customer even knows it is a
superpower in this information-abundant era. Both
the collaborative as well as the content-based filtering
algorithms are important because theyhelp provide to
the consumer the relevant content or the products
which conform to the taste or the previous choice
which user had taken.
Content-based filtering is a recommendation method
that is put into use to predict and recommend new
items which are similar in nature to those items that a
user has liked before. Clustering of items based on
item features will definitely make sure that the
preference of users is detailed up to a very good level
effectively. Collaborative filtering, on the other hand,
uses only the past interactions of users and products
to make recommendations on new items. Features of
items are not so crucial in this sense, since
recommendations are based on the information about
user-item interactions contained in the user-item
interaction matrix.
These algorithms are a very great asset for any
organisation that wishes their users to be updated with
the trends in emergence. In a diverse category, from
the model-based to memory-based methods, the tools
act as an indispensable encouragement to users for the
exploration or influence with new interests in the face
of actual search inputs. Smart gadgets, for instance,
suggest similar items according to a consumer's
preferences, which have turned out to be very natural
in daily lives to nudge behaviour through the subtle
influence of sophisticated AoM algorithms.
Emerging trends in the world of algorithms
2.1 Algorithm manipulation
Algorithm manipulation refers to the deliberate
alteration or modification of the rules and structures
governing algorithms for specific purposes. In the
realm of social media, algorithms serve as the
backbone, dictating how content is filtered, ranked,
selected, and recommended to users. These
algorithms wield significant influence over users'
choices and the content they encounter on social
media platforms.
However, algorithm manipulation entails the
intentional distortion of these algorithms to serve
ulterior motives. Common objectives include
suppressing certain online content, promoting specific
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content to users' attention, or manipulating the
perception of individuals by inundating them with
either positive or negative reviews and comments.
This manipulation can subtly shape users' thoughts
and behaviours regarding particular subjects or
entities.
The ramifications of algorithm manipulation extend
beyond mere content curation, potentially
exacerbating discrimination, and inequality by
inadvertently favouring certain groups or viewpoints
over others. This phenomenon aligns with the adage,
"the person who controls the media controls the
mind."
Numerous allegations have surfaced regarding
algorithm manipulation on platforms like Twitter/X,
with accusations of amplifying certain voices while
silencing others. Even the current owner of Twitter/X,
Elon Musk tweeted "I’m not suggesting malice in the
algorithm, but rather that it’s trying to guess what you
might want to read and, in doing so, inadvertently
manipulate/amplify your viewpoints without you
realising this is happening" [5].
Furthermore, TikTok, one of the largest entertainment
platforms, has allegedly admitted that its employees
have the ability to manipulate which content goes
viral and which does not [6]. This admission
underscores the reality of algorithm manipulation,
wherein the manipulation of content dissemination
directly impacts individuals' cognitive processes and
perceptions.
2.2 Consequences of algorithm manipulation
Manipulation of algorithms brings with it huge
serious effects in a modern human civilization where
people are inclined to and rely immensely on social
media as suggested from a variety of user statistics to
have increased engagement. This wider dependence
on platforms for social media has just made it an
environment of opportunity for us to manipulate the
masses algorithmically.
But how does algorithm manipulation unfold within
the realm of social media? Consider a scenario where
Entity X seeks to achieve a particular objective and
influence individuals. In such cases, X may
collaborate with Organization Y to request alterations
to the platform's algorithms, strategically designed to
impact users' minds. However, this practice raises
ethical concerns, as it entails the pervasive
manipulation of human cognition.
By surreptitiously altering algorithms, entities wield
the power to shape individuals' perceptions,
preferences, and behaviours, often without their
awareness. This clandestine influence not only
undermines the autonomy of users but also poses
risks to societal well-being by fostering
misinformation, polarisation, and manipulation on a
large scale.
In essence, algorithm manipulation within social
media platforms represents a breach of trust, where
the manipulation of digital systems translates into the
manipulation of human minds. As such, heightened
awareness, transparency, and ethical oversight are
imperative to mitigate the adverse consequences of
algorithmic interventions in shaping societal
discourse and individual decision-making.
Conclusion and the future with industry oriented
AoM
In conclusion, in this contemporary internet age,
where social interaction has undergone a significant
shift towards online platforms, particularly
accelerated by the global pandemic, technology has
emerged as a powerful force in influencing
individuals through Algorithm of Minds (AoM).
These algorithms wield an undeniable influence over
us, facilitated by their addictive nature and pervasive
presence in our digital lives.
While numerous theories abound regarding the
implications of AoM, the future holds tangible
possibilities where these algorithms may exert even
greater dominance. It is conceivable that AoM could
progressively shape various facets of our world,
including industry 4.0 and individual cognition.
Consequently, there arises a pressing need for the
formulation of new information technology acts
within the legal framework to monitor these AoMs
As we navigate this evolving digital landscape, it
becomes imperative to remain vigilant and
discerning, recognizing the profound impact of AoM
while striving to ensure ethical deployment and
regulation. Only through informed awareness and
proactive measures can we navigate the complexities
of the future with AoM, safeguarding individual
autonomy and societal well-being in the face of
unprecedented technological influence.
Reference
[1] Alarming Average Screen Time Statistics
(2024)”, Exploding Topics, Dec. 04, 2023.
https://explodingtopics.com/blog/screen-time-
stats#top-screen-time-stats
[2] Z. Tufekci, “Engineering the public: Big data,
surveillance and computational politics”, vol.
19, no. 7, Jul. 2014, doi:
10.5210/FM.V19I7.4901.
[3] Thaler and . Sunstein, Nudge. New York, NY:
Penguin, 2008.
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[4] “Twitter's Recommendation Algorithm”, Feb.
13, 2023.
https://blog.twitter.com/engineering/en_us/topi
cs/open-source/2023/twitter-recommendation-
algorithm (accessed Feb. 13, 2024).
[5] “Elon Musk Claims Twitter Algorithm
Manipulates Feeds, Jack Dorsey Disagrees”,
Feb. 13, 2024.
https://www.news18.com/buzz/elon-musk-
claims-twitter-algorithm-manipulates-feeds-
jack-dorsey-disagrees-5178913.html (accessed
Feb. 13, 2024).
[6] “TikTok admits that its own employees can
manipulate what content goes viral and what
doesn’t”, Feb. 13, 2024.
https://www.firstpost.com/world/tiktok-admits-
that-its-own-employees-can-manipulate-what-
content-goes-viral-and-what-doesnt-
12032652.html (accessed Feb. 13, 2024).