This document summarizes information about Belladonna poisoning from the plant Atropa belladonna. It describes the plant's morphology, main chemical constituents including tropane alkaloids like hyoscyamine, and how these alkaloids act as muscarinic receptor antagonists. Symptoms of anticholinergic toxidrome from Belladonna poisoning include dry mouth, blurred vision, tachycardia, delirium and coma. Diagnosis involves injection of physostigmine and treatment focuses on gastric lavage, physostigmine administration, benzodiazepines, and supportive care.
For thousand years, extracts from plants containing alkaloids had medicinal use as drugs, and they owe their powerful effects thanks to the presence of alkaloids. ..
In this slide some of the main alkaloid marketed products and their uses discussed.
This document provides information on various poisonous plants found in Pakistan. It describes the scientific and common names, toxic parts and toxic chemicals of plants such as Gloriosa superba, Conium maculatum, Strychnos nux-vomica, Hyacinthus orientalis, Iris versicolor, Euphorbia tirucalli, Caladium, Datura metel, Cannabis sativa, Urtica dioica, Thevetia peruviana, Ricinus communis Linn, Diffenbachia, Plumeria rubra, rosary pea, deadly nightshade, castor bean, datura, dieffenbachia, oleander, foxglove, st
This document provides information on various poisonous plants found in Pakistan. It describes 15 different poisonous plants, including their scientific names, common names, toxic parts and contents. For each plant, it discusses their descriptions, toxic effects and recommended treatments for poisoning. The plants covered include Gloriosa superba, Conium maculatum, Strychnos nux-vomica, Hyacinthus orientalis, Iris versicolor, Euphorbia tirucalli, Caladium, Datura metel, Cannabis sativa, Urtica dioica, Thevetia peruviana, Ricinus communis, Diffenbachia, Plumeria rubra.
Nux vomica is a plant native to parts of Asia and Australia. Its seeds contain alkaloids like strychnine which increase reflexes, respiration, pulse and blood pressure. Homeopathically, nux vomica is used for digestive issues, cold sensitivity, irritability from overwork or indulgence. High doses can cause side effects like convulsions while pregnancy use may harm the mother or child. The plant requires careful collection and drying of seeds to prepare homeopathic medicines.
The document discusses the Umbelliferae family of plants, which includes important herbs like caraway, fennel, and coriander. It describes the unique umbrella-shaped flower structures of the family, as well as the characteristics of the plants like their erect structure, taproots or fusiform roots, and small flowers arranged in compound or simple umbels. Several members of the Umbelliferae family are used as spices or medicines due to their aromatic properties.
This document summarizes several common poisonous plants and their toxins, symptoms of toxicity, and treatment approaches. It describes how castor oil plant, abrus precatorius, cannabis sativa, datura fastuosa, nerium odorum, cerebra thevetia, and oduvanthalai poisoning can cause abdominal pain, vomiting, delirium, convulsions, respiratory failure and even death. The recommended treatments include gastric lavage, activated charcoal, sodium bicarbonate, diazepam, atropine, pacing for heart block, and supportive care for organ dysfunction.
This document summarizes information about Belladonna poisoning from the plant Atropa belladonna. It describes the plant's morphology, main chemical constituents including tropane alkaloids like hyoscyamine, and how these alkaloids act as muscarinic receptor antagonists. Symptoms of anticholinergic toxidrome from Belladonna poisoning include dry mouth, blurred vision, tachycardia, delirium and coma. Diagnosis involves injection of physostigmine and treatment focuses on gastric lavage, physostigmine administration, benzodiazepines, and supportive care.
For thousand years, extracts from plants containing alkaloids had medicinal use as drugs, and they owe their powerful effects thanks to the presence of alkaloids. ..
In this slide some of the main alkaloid marketed products and their uses discussed.
This document provides information on various poisonous plants found in Pakistan. It describes the scientific and common names, toxic parts and toxic chemicals of plants such as Gloriosa superba, Conium maculatum, Strychnos nux-vomica, Hyacinthus orientalis, Iris versicolor, Euphorbia tirucalli, Caladium, Datura metel, Cannabis sativa, Urtica dioica, Thevetia peruviana, Ricinus communis Linn, Diffenbachia, Plumeria rubra, rosary pea, deadly nightshade, castor bean, datura, dieffenbachia, oleander, foxglove, st
This document provides information on various poisonous plants found in Pakistan. It describes 15 different poisonous plants, including their scientific names, common names, toxic parts and contents. For each plant, it discusses their descriptions, toxic effects and recommended treatments for poisoning. The plants covered include Gloriosa superba, Conium maculatum, Strychnos nux-vomica, Hyacinthus orientalis, Iris versicolor, Euphorbia tirucalli, Caladium, Datura metel, Cannabis sativa, Urtica dioica, Thevetia peruviana, Ricinus communis, Diffenbachia, Plumeria rubra.
Nux vomica is a plant native to parts of Asia and Australia. Its seeds contain alkaloids like strychnine which increase reflexes, respiration, pulse and blood pressure. Homeopathically, nux vomica is used for digestive issues, cold sensitivity, irritability from overwork or indulgence. High doses can cause side effects like convulsions while pregnancy use may harm the mother or child. The plant requires careful collection and drying of seeds to prepare homeopathic medicines.
The document discusses the Umbelliferae family of plants, which includes important herbs like caraway, fennel, and coriander. It describes the unique umbrella-shaped flower structures of the family, as well as the characteristics of the plants like their erect structure, taproots or fusiform roots, and small flowers arranged in compound or simple umbels. Several members of the Umbelliferae family are used as spices or medicines due to their aromatic properties.
This document summarizes several common poisonous plants and their toxins, symptoms of toxicity, and treatment approaches. It describes how castor oil plant, abrus precatorius, cannabis sativa, datura fastuosa, nerium odorum, cerebra thevetia, and oduvanthalai poisoning can cause abdominal pain, vomiting, delirium, convulsions, respiratory failure and even death. The recommended treatments include gastric lavage, activated charcoal, sodium bicarbonate, diazepam, atropine, pacing for heart block, and supportive care for organ dysfunction.
Medicinal properties of Giloy , Bay leaf and Heena plant.pptxUmesh Kumar
This document summarizes the medicinal properties of three plants - Giloy, bay leaf, and heena. It provides classifications and descriptions of each plant. Giloy is described as an immunity booster used to treat fever and diabetes. Bay leaf provides vitamins and can help with digestion and respiratory conditions. Heena is used as a natural dye and in traditional medicine to treat skin problems and infections. The document concludes with references on the medicinal uses and properties of each plant.
This document provides an overview of various plants studied in Herbology. It describes plants that can be used for medicinal, protective, or educational purposes. Specific plants are outlined in detail, including their appearance, growing requirements, uses in potions, and safety precautions when handling. Challenges in the field of Herbology are also discussed, such as the lack of respect for herbologists and funding for plant research.
Herbology 101 provides information on plants commonly used in potion-making and Herbology for first year students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. It details various magical plants like Mandrake, Devil's Snare, and Bubotuber and their properties. Non-magical plants like English Rose are also covered, outlining their many medicinal uses. Safety precautions are emphasized for dangerous species. The document serves as an introductory guide to important flora in the Herbology curriculum.
The document discusses several plants from the Ranunculaceae family including Aconite, Larkspur, Pulsatilla, and Hydrastis. It provides descriptions of each plant including parts used and key chemical constituents. Uses listed for the plants include as analgesics, anti-inflammatories, sedatives, and to treat infections. Some plants like Aconite are also noted to be poisonous if too much is consumed.
In March 2015, Dr. Quave presented: "Deadly Cures: Medical Discoveries from Poisonous Plants" as a ticketed public lecture at Fernbank Museum in Atlanta, GA as part of their special exhibit "The Power of Poison". In this talk, she discussed the reasons why plants produce poisonous compounds and the myriad ways that humans have used these chemicals for both health and harm.
Abstract:
Plants produce a fascinating mixture of biologically active compounds for the purposes of defense against threats in their environment. Over time, mankind has discovered ingenious ways to transform and make use of plant poisons ranging from applications in agriculture, fishing, hunting, and traditional medicine. Oftentimes, the distinction between poison and medicine comes down to two simple points: dose and intent. In this lecture, Dr. Quave will discuss how the scientific study of poisonous plants has led to the discovery of some of the leading pharmaceutical drugs in use today.
A full review of the talk is available here: http://www.destinationhealtheu.org/healthemory/an-overview-of-dr-cassandra-quaves-lecture-on-medicinal-and-poisonous-plants-at-fernbank
The document discusses various types of alkaloids found in plants, including their chemical properties, biological functions, and medicinal uses. It describes that alkaloids often have nitrogen in a heterocyclic ring and are bitter tasting. Over 10,000 alkaloids have been identified from a wide range of plants. Examples of important medicinal alkaloids mentioned include morphine, caffeine, reserpine, and quinine. The document also summarizes key alkaloid groups such as isoquinolines, purines, and indoles, and specific alkaloids such as berberine, cocaine, and yohimbine.
The document summarizes information about several toxic plant species, including Abrus precatorius, Cannabis sativa, Datura stramonium, Digitalis purpurea, Eucalyptus species, and Nicotiana tobaccum. It describes the toxic parts of each plant, symptoms of poisoning, toxic principles, and potential treatment options. The seeds of Abrus precatorius contain the toxic protein abrin, which can cause fatal poisoning even from one seed. Cannabis sativa contains cannabinoids like THC that can cause intoxication. Datura stramonium contains tropane alkaloids that result in symptoms like hallucinations.
The all the content in this profile is completed by the teachers, students as well as other health care peoples.
thank you, all the respected peoples, for giving the information to complete this presentation.
this information is free to use by anyone.
Datura or deliriant poisoning by Mr.Sunil Ahirwar (Forensic Expert)Sunil Ahirwar
Datura is a wild plant found throughout India that contains toxic alkaloids like scopolamine, hyoscyamine, and atropine. All parts of the plant are poisonous, but the fruits and seeds pose the greatest danger. Consumption of datura can cause delirium, hallucinations, fever, dilated pupils, dry mouth, and potentially death from respiratory failure. Treatment involves stomach pumping and use of antidotes like physostigmine. The plant has also been used in traditional medicine externally in small amounts but can cause poisoning if absorbed through broken skin. Forensically, datura poisoning may be involved in homicide, suicide, accidents, or illegal abortion attempts.
Hallucinogens are natural or synthetic substances that significantly alter one's consciousness by causing hallucinations such as seeing colors and objects that don't exist or experiencing altered perceptions of time, space, and senses. Some examples of hallucinogenic plants described in the document are belladonna, datura, morning glory, and psilocybin mushrooms. Belladonna contains tropane alkaloids that in large doses can cause effects like dilated pupils, blurred vision, and delirium. Historically, belladonna extracts have been used as a medicine to dilate pupils and as an antidote to other poisons, and it continues to be used recreationally as a hallucinogenic drug in some cases
The document provides information about peppermint and its uses. Peppermint oil is extracted from peppermint leaves and is popular for flavoring candy, medicines, mouthwashes and toothpaste due to its taste. It also has soothing properties and can be used to relieve conditions like indigestion, nausea, diarrhea, colds, flu, and muscle pains. Compounds in peppermint have a variety of uses including as flavorings, to treat colds, bronchitis, nausea, and as an antacid or anti-nausea agent.
This document discusses various poisonous plants found in India and their effects. It classifies plant poisons into four categories based on the part of the body affected: oropharyngeal, gastric, intestinal, and dermal irritants. It then examines several specific poisonous plants in detail, including their active chemical constituents, traditional uses, symptoms of poisoning, and chemical tests to detect them. The plants discussed are opium poppy, nux vomica, cannabis, deadly nightshade, and jimsonweed. Nightshade is highlighted as it is used as an antidote for organophosphate and carbamate insecticide poisoning.
This document summarizes the effects and properties of deliriant poisons found in plants such as Datura. It describes how all parts of these plants, especially the seeds and fruits, contain toxins like hyoscine and atropine that act on the central and peripheral nervous systems. Poisoning results in a two stage process beginning with delirium marked by symptoms like dry mouth, confusion, and hallucinations. This can progress to a coma stage involving convulsions that often leads to respiratory failure and death. Treatment focuses on stomach pumping, emetics, and antidotes like physostigmine while victims recover within days if they survive.
Aethusa cynapium, also known as fool's parsley, is an annual herb native to Europe, western Asia, and northwest Africa. It affects the brain and nervous system and is connected to gastrointestinal disturbances. It is considered a remedy for childhood, particularly for babies who cannot tolerate milk, and causes symptoms like weakness, inability to think clearly, confusion, anxiety, and violent vomiting or convulsions. Key indications include intolerance of milk, lack of thirst, herpetic eruptions on the nose, and symptoms made worse by warmth, milk, dentition, exertion, vomiting, or stool. It is used to treat teething issues in children and compares to remedies like Cicuta, Conium,
This document provides information about tannins and nutgall. It begins with an introduction to tannins and defines them. It then discusses the properties of tannins, how they are classified into hydrolysable and condensed tannins, and provides examples of each. The document describes how tannins are extracted and isolated and lists some common identification tests. It provides details on nutgall, including its synonyms, biological source, chemical constituents, and uses as an astringent and in manufacturing tannic acid.
The document provides an overview of Herbology 101, covering standard equipment, basic plant care, usage of plants in potions, and descriptions of various magical herbs and fungi. It discusses gillyweed, valerian root/sprigs, knotgrass, and dittany. It also covers dangerous plants like mandrake, devil's snare, and bubotuber. The document continues with more advanced topics and finally discusses challenges in herbology like the gardening effect and invasive alien species.
This document provides information on secondary metabolites and details glycosides, senna, alexandrian senna, tinnevelly senna, aloe, cape aloes, curacao aloes, constituents of senna and aloe, chemical tests, and uses. It compares alexandrian and tinnevelly senna. It also discusses iridoids, terpenoids, nepthaquinones, classification of terpenes, taxus, artemisia, and their constituents and uses.
This document reviews the homoeopathic medicine Alnus Rubra and its effectiveness in treating leucorrhoea. Alnus Rubra comes from the bark of the Red Alder tree. Several homoeopathic materia medicas recommend Alnus Rubra for leucorrhoea characterized by erosions of the cervix that bleed easily, as well as amenorrhoea with burning pains from the back to the pubis. The document provides details on the preparation, symptoms, and historical uses of Alnus Rubra to support its assessment as a potential treatment for leucorrhoea according to the principles of homoeopathy.
General characteristics of Loganaceae - Drugs, Active principle, Sphere of ac...ASWIN ANANDH
General characteristics of loganaceae family - The Loganiaceae are a family of flowering plants classified in order Gentianales. The family includes up to 13 genera, distributed around the world's tropics. There are not any great morphological characteristics to distinguish these taxa from others in the order Gentianales. Brucea, Curare, Gelsemium, Hoang-nan, Nuxvomica, Spigelia, Upas tiente. Active principles are Strychnine, Curarine, Gelsemium, Brucia
Medicinal properties of Giloy , Bay leaf and Heena plant.pptxUmesh Kumar
This document summarizes the medicinal properties of three plants - Giloy, bay leaf, and heena. It provides classifications and descriptions of each plant. Giloy is described as an immunity booster used to treat fever and diabetes. Bay leaf provides vitamins and can help with digestion and respiratory conditions. Heena is used as a natural dye and in traditional medicine to treat skin problems and infections. The document concludes with references on the medicinal uses and properties of each plant.
This document provides an overview of various plants studied in Herbology. It describes plants that can be used for medicinal, protective, or educational purposes. Specific plants are outlined in detail, including their appearance, growing requirements, uses in potions, and safety precautions when handling. Challenges in the field of Herbology are also discussed, such as the lack of respect for herbologists and funding for plant research.
Herbology 101 provides information on plants commonly used in potion-making and Herbology for first year students at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. It details various magical plants like Mandrake, Devil's Snare, and Bubotuber and their properties. Non-magical plants like English Rose are also covered, outlining their many medicinal uses. Safety precautions are emphasized for dangerous species. The document serves as an introductory guide to important flora in the Herbology curriculum.
The document discusses several plants from the Ranunculaceae family including Aconite, Larkspur, Pulsatilla, and Hydrastis. It provides descriptions of each plant including parts used and key chemical constituents. Uses listed for the plants include as analgesics, anti-inflammatories, sedatives, and to treat infections. Some plants like Aconite are also noted to be poisonous if too much is consumed.
In March 2015, Dr. Quave presented: "Deadly Cures: Medical Discoveries from Poisonous Plants" as a ticketed public lecture at Fernbank Museum in Atlanta, GA as part of their special exhibit "The Power of Poison". In this talk, she discussed the reasons why plants produce poisonous compounds and the myriad ways that humans have used these chemicals for both health and harm.
Abstract:
Plants produce a fascinating mixture of biologically active compounds for the purposes of defense against threats in their environment. Over time, mankind has discovered ingenious ways to transform and make use of plant poisons ranging from applications in agriculture, fishing, hunting, and traditional medicine. Oftentimes, the distinction between poison and medicine comes down to two simple points: dose and intent. In this lecture, Dr. Quave will discuss how the scientific study of poisonous plants has led to the discovery of some of the leading pharmaceutical drugs in use today.
A full review of the talk is available here: http://www.destinationhealtheu.org/healthemory/an-overview-of-dr-cassandra-quaves-lecture-on-medicinal-and-poisonous-plants-at-fernbank
The document discusses various types of alkaloids found in plants, including their chemical properties, biological functions, and medicinal uses. It describes that alkaloids often have nitrogen in a heterocyclic ring and are bitter tasting. Over 10,000 alkaloids have been identified from a wide range of plants. Examples of important medicinal alkaloids mentioned include morphine, caffeine, reserpine, and quinine. The document also summarizes key alkaloid groups such as isoquinolines, purines, and indoles, and specific alkaloids such as berberine, cocaine, and yohimbine.
The document summarizes information about several toxic plant species, including Abrus precatorius, Cannabis sativa, Datura stramonium, Digitalis purpurea, Eucalyptus species, and Nicotiana tobaccum. It describes the toxic parts of each plant, symptoms of poisoning, toxic principles, and potential treatment options. The seeds of Abrus precatorius contain the toxic protein abrin, which can cause fatal poisoning even from one seed. Cannabis sativa contains cannabinoids like THC that can cause intoxication. Datura stramonium contains tropane alkaloids that result in symptoms like hallucinations.
The all the content in this profile is completed by the teachers, students as well as other health care peoples.
thank you, all the respected peoples, for giving the information to complete this presentation.
this information is free to use by anyone.
Datura or deliriant poisoning by Mr.Sunil Ahirwar (Forensic Expert)Sunil Ahirwar
Datura is a wild plant found throughout India that contains toxic alkaloids like scopolamine, hyoscyamine, and atropine. All parts of the plant are poisonous, but the fruits and seeds pose the greatest danger. Consumption of datura can cause delirium, hallucinations, fever, dilated pupils, dry mouth, and potentially death from respiratory failure. Treatment involves stomach pumping and use of antidotes like physostigmine. The plant has also been used in traditional medicine externally in small amounts but can cause poisoning if absorbed through broken skin. Forensically, datura poisoning may be involved in homicide, suicide, accidents, or illegal abortion attempts.
Hallucinogens are natural or synthetic substances that significantly alter one's consciousness by causing hallucinations such as seeing colors and objects that don't exist or experiencing altered perceptions of time, space, and senses. Some examples of hallucinogenic plants described in the document are belladonna, datura, morning glory, and psilocybin mushrooms. Belladonna contains tropane alkaloids that in large doses can cause effects like dilated pupils, blurred vision, and delirium. Historically, belladonna extracts have been used as a medicine to dilate pupils and as an antidote to other poisons, and it continues to be used recreationally as a hallucinogenic drug in some cases
The document provides information about peppermint and its uses. Peppermint oil is extracted from peppermint leaves and is popular for flavoring candy, medicines, mouthwashes and toothpaste due to its taste. It also has soothing properties and can be used to relieve conditions like indigestion, nausea, diarrhea, colds, flu, and muscle pains. Compounds in peppermint have a variety of uses including as flavorings, to treat colds, bronchitis, nausea, and as an antacid or anti-nausea agent.
This document discusses various poisonous plants found in India and their effects. It classifies plant poisons into four categories based on the part of the body affected: oropharyngeal, gastric, intestinal, and dermal irritants. It then examines several specific poisonous plants in detail, including their active chemical constituents, traditional uses, symptoms of poisoning, and chemical tests to detect them. The plants discussed are opium poppy, nux vomica, cannabis, deadly nightshade, and jimsonweed. Nightshade is highlighted as it is used as an antidote for organophosphate and carbamate insecticide poisoning.
This document summarizes the effects and properties of deliriant poisons found in plants such as Datura. It describes how all parts of these plants, especially the seeds and fruits, contain toxins like hyoscine and atropine that act on the central and peripheral nervous systems. Poisoning results in a two stage process beginning with delirium marked by symptoms like dry mouth, confusion, and hallucinations. This can progress to a coma stage involving convulsions that often leads to respiratory failure and death. Treatment focuses on stomach pumping, emetics, and antidotes like physostigmine while victims recover within days if they survive.
Aethusa cynapium, also known as fool's parsley, is an annual herb native to Europe, western Asia, and northwest Africa. It affects the brain and nervous system and is connected to gastrointestinal disturbances. It is considered a remedy for childhood, particularly for babies who cannot tolerate milk, and causes symptoms like weakness, inability to think clearly, confusion, anxiety, and violent vomiting or convulsions. Key indications include intolerance of milk, lack of thirst, herpetic eruptions on the nose, and symptoms made worse by warmth, milk, dentition, exertion, vomiting, or stool. It is used to treat teething issues in children and compares to remedies like Cicuta, Conium,
This document provides information about tannins and nutgall. It begins with an introduction to tannins and defines them. It then discusses the properties of tannins, how they are classified into hydrolysable and condensed tannins, and provides examples of each. The document describes how tannins are extracted and isolated and lists some common identification tests. It provides details on nutgall, including its synonyms, biological source, chemical constituents, and uses as an astringent and in manufacturing tannic acid.
The document provides an overview of Herbology 101, covering standard equipment, basic plant care, usage of plants in potions, and descriptions of various magical herbs and fungi. It discusses gillyweed, valerian root/sprigs, knotgrass, and dittany. It also covers dangerous plants like mandrake, devil's snare, and bubotuber. The document continues with more advanced topics and finally discusses challenges in herbology like the gardening effect and invasive alien species.
This document provides information on secondary metabolites and details glycosides, senna, alexandrian senna, tinnevelly senna, aloe, cape aloes, curacao aloes, constituents of senna and aloe, chemical tests, and uses. It compares alexandrian and tinnevelly senna. It also discusses iridoids, terpenoids, nepthaquinones, classification of terpenes, taxus, artemisia, and their constituents and uses.
This document reviews the homoeopathic medicine Alnus Rubra and its effectiveness in treating leucorrhoea. Alnus Rubra comes from the bark of the Red Alder tree. Several homoeopathic materia medicas recommend Alnus Rubra for leucorrhoea characterized by erosions of the cervix that bleed easily, as well as amenorrhoea with burning pains from the back to the pubis. The document provides details on the preparation, symptoms, and historical uses of Alnus Rubra to support its assessment as a potential treatment for leucorrhoea according to the principles of homoeopathy.
Similar a BELLADONNA - ORIGIN, HABITAT, DESCRIPTION, PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, TOXICITY, POISONING, PHYSIOLOGICAL ACTION, DOCTRINE OF SIGNATURE, HOMOEOPATHIC PREPARATION (20)
General characteristics of Loganaceae - Drugs, Active principle, Sphere of ac...ASWIN ANANDH
General characteristics of loganaceae family - The Loganiaceae are a family of flowering plants classified in order Gentianales. The family includes up to 13 genera, distributed around the world's tropics. There are not any great morphological characteristics to distinguish these taxa from others in the order Gentianales. Brucea, Curare, Gelsemium, Hoang-nan, Nuxvomica, Spigelia, Upas tiente. Active principles are Strychnine, Curarine, Gelsemium, Brucia
CHINESE MEDICINE - INTRODUCTION, BACKGROUND, ECONOMIC, RELIGIOUS, GENERAL DEV...ASWIN ANANDH
Introduction of chinese medicine, Background - Social & Cultural background, Economic, Religious, General development of chinese medicine, Concept of man, health, disease, QI Theory, Prevalent Disease, Medical Practices, Pharmacoepia, Administering drugs, Decline of Era, Important Contributors - Shen nong, Lao tse, Confucius, Hua tuo
ROOTS - Basics, Function, Various Parts - Maturation, Root-Hairs, Elongation,...ASWIN ANANDH
Detailed description about roots, Functions of roots, Various parts of roots - Region of Maturation, Region of Root-Hairs, Region of Elongation, Region of Cell-Division, Root cap, Types of roots - Taproot System, Adventitious Roots, Modification of Roots for storage of food, Types of Modification - Conical roots, Fusiform roots, Napiform roots; Adventitious root modified into Tuberous roots, Fasciculated tuberous roots, Palmated tuberous roots, Annulated roots; Modification for Support - Climbing Roots, Stilt roots, Columnar roots; Modification for Special functions - Respiratory roots or Pneumatophores, Sucking Roots, Photosynthetic Roots, Epiphytic Roots or Assimilatory Roots - Clinging Roots, Aerial Roots, Nodulated Roots or Root Tubercles & Uses of Roots.
DISTILLED WATER - PREPARATION, GRADES, RISKS, STORAGE, PURITY, DETECTION OF I...ASWIN ANANDH
Preparation of distilled water, Distillation process, Deionisation process, Automatic water distillator, Multiple effect still, Grades of distilled water, Risks of using distilled water, Ph of distilled water, Storage of distilled water, Purity of water, Detection of impurity, Common uses of distilled water, Homoeopathic utility of distilled water - Pharmaceutics & Potentisation, External application, Dispensing of medicines.
CHEMICAL TESTS FOR GLYCOSIDES AND ALKALOIDS.pptxASWIN ANANDH
Chemical tests for Glycosides & Alkaloids. Types of glycosides is classified as glycone part & aglycone part.
Test for glycosides include Borntragers test, Foam test, Libermann burchard test, Salkowaski test, Antimony trichloride test, Trichloroacetic acid test, Zimmermann test, Keller-killiani test, Legal test, Baljet test, Dinitro benzoic acid test, Fecl3 test, Fluorescence test, Sodium pictrate test, Ammonia test, Shinoda test, Vannillin test.
Types of alkaloids as True alkaloids, Proto alkaloids, Pseudo alkaloids.
Other sources of alkaloid other than Castoramine, Muscopyridine, Pyocyanine.
Chemical tests for alkaloids are Dragendroffs test, Mayers test, Hagers tst, Wagners test.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdfSelcen Ozturkcan
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selectionCarl Bergstrom
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...Scintica Instrumentation
Targeting Hsp90 and its pathogen Orthologs with Tethered Inhibitors as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for cancer and infectious diseases with Dr. Timothy Haystead.
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.
2. • Botanical name: Atropa belladonna Linn
• Family: Solanaceae
• Synonyms:
English: Deadly nightshade, devil's cherries,
naughty man's cherries, black cherry,
devil's herb, great morel, dwayberry,
divale, dwale, banewort
Hindi : Sag angur
French : Belladone
German : Tollkraut
3.
4. • The word 'Belladonna' is from the Italian
'Bella' whose meaning is 'beautiful' and
'donna' means 'lady'.
• This is probably a reference to the Italian
women who used to dilate their pupils by
placing a drop of belladonna in each eye,
making them more beautiful in the eyes of
Italian men.
5.
6. • One of the most toxic plants in the western
hemisphere
• First botanical description was given by
Linnaeus in Species Plantarum in 1753
7. • Widely distributed over Central and Southern Europe,
South-west Asia and Algeria; cultivated in England,
France and North America.
• Grows well in shady, moist areas with a limestone-rich
(calcareous) soil.
• Specimens growing in sun are apt to be dwarfed.
• When cultivated in the open it is more vulnerable to
insects than when growing wild.
• Best soil: light, permeable and chalky soil.
• Uncommon in England, more rare in modern times.
Sparingly found in twenty-eight British counties, mostly in
waste places, quarries and near old ruins, rare in
Scotland.
• Colonizes disturbed soils and is considered a weed in
some parts of the world
8. • Atropa belladonna is a
branching herbaceous
perennial, often
growing as a
subshrub, from a
fleshy rootstock.
• Plants grow to 1.5
metres (4.9 ft) tall with
18 centimetres (7.1 in)
long ovate leaves.
9. • The bell-shaped
flowers are tyrian
purple with green
tinges and faintly
scented.
• The fruits are berries, which
are green ripening to a
shiny black, and
approximately 1 cm (0.39in)
in diameter.
• The berries are sweet and
are consumed by animals
that disperse the seeds in
their droppings, even
though the seeds contain
10. • The main constituents of Atropa belladonna are the
alkaloids hyoscyamine, scopolamine [also named
hyoscine], atropine [d,l-hyoscyamine], and traces
of nicotine.
• The seeds are richest in alkaloids, followed by the
roots and the leaves, respectively.
• Small quantities of volatile bases – Pyridine, N-
methyl pyrroline.
• Leaves contain a fluorescent substance
β-methylaesculetin (scopoletin) and calcium
oxalate
CONSTITUENTS
11. • Atropine increases firing of the sinoatrial node (SA) and
conduction through the atrioventricular node (AV) of the
heart, opposes the actions of the vagus nerve, blocks
acetylcholine receptor sites, and decreases bronchial
secretions.
• In general, atropine lowers the parasympathetic activity
of all muscles and glands regulated by the
parasympathetic nervous system. This occurs because
atropine is a competitive antagonist of the muscarinic
acetylcholine receptors (acetylcholine being the main
neurotransmitter used by the parasympathetic nervous
system). Therefore, it may cause swallowing difficulties
and reduced secretions.
12. • Hyoscyamine is an anticholinergic, specifically an
antimuscarinic, working by blocking the action of
acetylcholine at parasympathetic sites in smooth muscle,
secretory glands and the CNS.
• It also increases cardiac output, dries secretions, and
antagonizes serotonin.
• At comparable doses, hyoscyamine has 98 per cent of
the anticholinergic power of atropine.
• The other major belladonna-derived drug scopolamine
has 92 per cent of the antimuscarinic potency of atropine.
13. • Scopolamine exerts its effects by acting as a competitive
antagonist at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors,
specifically M1 receptors; it is thus classified as an
anticholinergic, anti-muscarinic drug.
14. • Belladonna is one of the most toxic plants found in the
Western hemisphere.
• All parts of the plant contain tropane alkaloids.
• The berries pose the greatest danger to children because they
look attractive and have a somewhat sweet taste.
• The consumption of two to five berries by children and ten to
twenty berries by adults can be lethal.
• The root of the plant is generally the most toxic part, though
this can vary from one specimen to another.
• Ingestion of a single leaf of the plant can be fatal to an adult.
16. • This agent, when applied locally, diminishes the
sensibility of the sensory nerves, and when
absorbed it produces systemic effects.
• Taken internally, it lessens the secretions, and as a
result there is dryness of the mucous surfaces. This
is brought about by paralysis of the peripheral nerve
endings.
• At first the pulse is retarded, but it is quickly
accelerated and rendered firmer, while the arterial
tensions is increased.
• The heart muscle is stimulated but if it is over-
stimulated it then becomes weak.
17. • Full doses stimulate the brain and many produce
hallucinations and a delirium, which may be mild,
joyful, talkative, or of a violent type; accompanying
these there are frequently spectral illusions.
• The reflexes at first are slightly stimulated, while later
they are diminished.
• There may be complete motor paralysis.
• The sensory nerves are depressed, especially from
a local application of the drug.
18. • The respirations are quickened and rendered deeper
by medicinal doses; while poisonous doses, by over-
stimulating, soon result in exhaustion and paralysis
of the respiratory centers, and the breathing
becomes shallow and asphyxia and death may
result.
• The bodily heat is increased.
• It dilates the pupil and increases intra-ocular tension,
occasions vertigo and turgescence of the face.
• Assimilation is impaired.
• It is rapidly absorbed and is eliminated by the
kidneys and bowels.
19. • Folklore - Belladonna was believed to help witches to fly. Its
other name "belladonna" (beautiful woman) is thought to refer to
its use by Italian women to dilate the pupils of their eyes.
• Relaxant - Belladonna is prescribed to relax distended organs,
especially the stomach and intestines, relieving intestinal colic
and pain. It helps peptic ulcers, and it relaxes spasms of the
urinary tubules.
• Parkinson's disease - Belladonna can be used to treat the
symptoms of Parkinson's disease's, reducing tremors and
rigidity, and improving speech and mobility.
• Anesthetic - The smooth muscle relaxant properties of
belladonna make it useful in conventional medicine as an
anesthetic, particularly when digestive or bronchial secretions
need to be kept to a minimum.
• The tropane alkaloids of A. belladonna were used as poisons
and made poisonous arrow to kill
20. • Scottish troops used it during a truce to subdue the
invading Danes.
– Legend: Scottish troops put belladonna into
enemies’ liquor supply
– Waited for enemies to fall asleep and then kill
them
• Cosmetics: Spanish and Italian Women
• Extracts used as eye drops to dilate pupils,
giving pupils a more intense, hypnotic, and
attractive appeal
HISTORY AND USES
21. • Belladonna plant grows nicely in soil containing calcium
carbonate. So Calcarea carb is complementary to
belladonna.
• The flowers of this plant are bloated in appearance & this
can be used for bloated condition of congestions.
DOCTRINE OF SIGNATURE
22. PROVER: DR. SAMUEL
HAHNEMANN
Parts used: The whole plant when beginning to flower.
Preparation:
• Class I (old method)
• New method
(a) Mother Tincture Drug Strength 1/10
Belladonna in course powder 100 g
Purified water 567 ml
Strong Alcohol 470 ml
To make one litre of the Mother Tincture.
(b) Potencies: 2x to contain one part Mother Tincture, four
parts Purified Water, five parts StrongAlcohol;
3x and higher with DispensingAlcohol.
23. • Belladonna is a great pain remedy.
• Patient is not thirsty, especially in fever.
• Belladonna patients aggravated by touch jar and motion,
drought of air and heat of sun.
• Sensitiveness to touch of affected part is very well
marked in this great remedy. Cannot bear to be touched
anywhere.
• Great dryness runs through the whole of this remedy.
• Acute, sudden and violent onset is very characteristic
of this drug.