Este documento presenta la trayectoria académica y líneas de investigación de Esther Rebato Ochoa sobre auxología (estudio del crecimiento humano) y ecología humana (influencia de factores ambientales en la variabilidad humana). Sus estudios se han centrado en la población vasca y en factores como el crecimiento, la composición corporal y la influencia del entorno socioeconómico. También ha investigado la herencia de características antropométricas a través de estudios familiares.
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Conferencia impartida por Xabier Pereda en las V Jornadas Científicas "Actual Research in Biology", organizadas por la asociación de estudiantes BIONATUR. Fueron celebradas en la Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Universidad del País Vasco.
http://asociacionbiologiabionatur.wordpress.com/
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
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How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
Buscando dinosaurios: un viaje en el tiempo al CretácicoMikel G. Puga
Conferencia impartida por Xabier Pereda en las V Jornadas Científicas "Actual Research in Biology", organizadas por la asociación de estudiantes BIONATUR. Fueron celebradas en la Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Universidad del País Vasco.
http://asociacionbiologiabionatur.wordpress.com/
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
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The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
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Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
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Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
This session highlights best practices and lessons learned for U.S. Bike Route System designation, as well as how and why these routes should be integrated into bicycle planning at the local and regional level.
Presenters:
Presenter: Kevin Luecke Toole Design Group
Co-Presenter: Virginia Sullivan Adventure Cycling Association
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
Bionatur pc
1. AUXOLOGÍA Y ECOLOGÍA
HUMANAEsther Rebato
Ochoa
Departamento de Genética, Antropología Física y
Fisiología Animal
Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología
Universidad del País Vasco / Euskal Herriko
Unibertsitatea
UPV/EHU
2. Presentació
n
• Titulación
Licenciatura en CC. Biológicas UPV/EHU (junio 1980)
Grado en CC. Biológicas (noviembre 1980)
Doctorado en CC. Biológicas (mayo 1985)
• Puestos docentes ocupados
Prof. Ayudante Doctor (curso 1985-86)
Prof. Titular Contratado (curso 1986-87)
Prof. Titular Interino (cursos 1987-89)
Prof. Titular Numerario (curso 1989-90-actualidad)
• Cargos académicos
Secretaria Departamento (octubre 1987-febrero 1990)
Subdirectora Colegio Mayor UPV/EHU (mayo 2003-actualidad)
3. Presentació
n
Inicio de la investigación
• Memoria de Licenciatura: Reflectometría de la piel en vascos (1980)
• Tesis doctoral: Antropología de la complexión, fisionomía y somatometría del
biotipo vasco (1985) (beca MEC)
Objetivos: Descriptivos, comparativos a nivel intra e interpoblacional y
biotipológicos.
Técnicas: Antropométricas, Reflectométricas, Morfoscópicas
Población estudiada: Vasca autóctona adulta de ambos sexos (Bizkaia y
Gipuzkoa).
4. Estudios sobre población
vasca
Continuación de la investigación sobre población vasca (1985-1989)
Aplicación de las técnicas antropométricas al estudio de la
somatología de la población vasca adulta y otras variables biológicas
de interés (edad de menarquia, menopausia y discromatopsias)
• Algunas publicaciones sobre antropología de la población vasca
• Rebato, E. (1986): Variations du mode d’attache du lobe de l’oreille chez les Basques. Bull.
et Mém. Soc. d’Anthrop. Paris., 3: 177-180.
• Rebato, E. (1987): Skin colour in the Basque Population. Anthrop. Anzeiger, 45: 49-55.
• Rebato, E. (1987): Estudio antropológico de la mujer vizcaína. Os Arquivos do Museu
Bocage (Secc. Antropología), 7: 91-99.
• Rebato, E. (1988): Ages at menarche and menopause in Basque women. Collegium
Antropologicum, 12: 147-150.
• Rebato, E. and Calderón, R. (1990): Incidence of red-green colourblindness in the Basque
population. Anthrop. Anzeiger, 48: 145-148.
5. Estudios sobre Auxología y Ecología
Nueva línea de
humana
investigación (I): AUXOLOGÍA (o el estudio del crecimiento
humano) y ECOLOGIA HUMANA (influencia de los factores del medio sobre la
variabilidad humana y las respuestas adaptativas de las poblaciones) (1990-
actualidad)
Objetivos generales:
• Modelización del crecimiento para la obtención de patrones locales de
referencia.
• Identificación de las principales causas que pueden condicionar el
crecimiento de la población escolar, en particular el ambiente sociofamiliar y las
variables biodemográficas, entre otras.
• Determinación de la dirección e intensidad de los procesos de evolución
secular.
Técnicas: Antropométricas (evaluación del tamaño, forma y composición
corporal), Somatotipo antropométrico, Matemáticas (curvas de crecimiento,
obtención de parámetros matemáticos biológicamente interpretables) y
Bioestadísticas (uni y multivariantes). Diseño transversal.
Población: Escolares de entre 4-19 años, de la provincia de Bizkaia (autóctonos)
y de la villa de Bilbao (residentes).
6. Estudios sobre Auxología y Ecología
humana
Tesis doctorales sobre crecimiento
• Estudio transversal del crecimiento en escolares vizcaínos. La variación
antropométrica como componente de la estructura biológica de la
población (1992). (Becas Diputación foral y Zumalabe de EI-SEV)
• Antropología del crecimiento en la población escolar de la Villa de Bilbao.
Variación antropométrica e influencias ambientales (1997).
11. Estudios sobre Auxología y Ecología
humana
180
170 Individual versus average
160
growth
150
140
Height, cm
130
120
cross-sectional
110
average curve
100
12
90
Increment, cm/yr
10
8
6
4
2
0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Age, years
12. Estudios sobre Auxología y Ecología
humana
160
150 Height girl
140
130
2(h1 − hθ )
Height, cm
y = h1 −
es0(t−θ ) + es1(t−θ )
120
110
h1 =154.41
100
hθ =143.73
90 s0 = 0.1374 12
80
s1 =1.4499 10
Increment, cm/yr
θ =11.630 8
6
4
first derivative of PB1
instantenous velocity 2
0
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Age, years
13. Estudios sobre Auxología y Ecología
humana
18
17
Tempo-conditioned
16
15 velocity standards
14
13 early
12 average
11
P97 late
increm ent, cm /year
10
P90
9 P75
P50
8
P25
7
P10
6
P3
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Age, years
14. Estudios sobre Auxología y Ecología
180
humana
170
Sex difference in height
160
150
Distance
140 curve
Height, cm
130
120
110
100
12
90 Velocity
10
curve
Increm ent, cm /yr
80
8
6
4
2
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Age, years
15. Estudios sobre Auxología y Ecología
humana
180
Sex difference in height 1
170 D=1+2+3 D
160
150
Height, cm
take-off
boys
140
130
3
2
120
take-off
girls
110
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Age , years
16. Estudios sobre Auxología y Ecología
185
humana
The Netherlands
Secular trend in adult stature
Denmark
Males ? Belgium
180
Sweden
175 France
Italy
Height, cm
Spain
170
165
160
1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 2000 2020
Period
17. Estudios sobre Auxología y Ecología
humana
13.8
Secular changes in age
13.7
at menarche in Europe
13.6
ES -4.1 PL Vil. +1.3
13.5
13.4 PL ST +2.9
NL -1.8
Oslo 0.0
13.3
Age at menarche, years
DK -4.4
B 0.0
13.2 Stockholm +1.2
13.1
Bremer Haven -3.5
13.0
PL BC +1.4
12.9
12.8
Szeged -0.4 PL WA +0.7
12.7
Zagreb +0.2
12.6
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Period
18. Estudios sobre Auxología y Ecología
humana
14,5
<0.01
14 Edad de menarquia
13,5
Años
13
12,5
12
11,5
Alto Medio Bajo
NIVEL SOCIOECONOMICO
19. Estudios sobre Auxología y Ecología
humana
• Algunas publicaciones sobre crecimiento
• Rebato, E., González Apraiz, A. et Rosique, J. (1991): Variations ontogéniques de la pigmentation de la peau
chez une échantillon de jeunes basques. Données préliminaires. Bull. et Mém. de la Soc. d’Anthrop. de Paris,
3-4: 241-255.
• Rebato, E., González Apraiz, A. and Rosique, J. (1993): Age at menarche from Biscayan coastal population
(Basque Country). Ann. Hum. Biol., 20: 191-193.
•Rebato, E., Rosique, J. and González Apraiz, A. (1993): Skin colour variability in Basque boys (8-19 years).
Ann. Hum. Biol., 20: 293-307.
• Rebato, E., González Apraiz, A. et Rosique, J. (1993): Application du Modèle I de Preece-Baines (PB1) à
l’étude de la croissance staturale chez deux populations biscaïennes. Bull. et Mém. de la Soc. d’Anthrop. de
Paris, 5: 93-102.
• Rosique, J., Rebato, E., González Apraiz, A. and Pacheco, J.L. (1994): Somatotype related to centripetal fat
patterning of 8 to 19 year old Basque boys and girls. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 6: 171-181.
• Rebato, E., Rosique, J. and González Apraiz, A. (1994): Menarcheal age in a sample of Basque schoolgirls: A
comparative study with other Spanish populations. Anthrop. Anzeiger, 52: 143-148.
• Rosique, J. and Rebato, E. (1995): Comparative study of statural growth in Spanish Populations. Am. J. Hum.
Biol., 7: 553-564.
• Rebato, E., Rosique, J. and González Apraiz, A. (1996): Somatotypes of 14 to 19 year old urban boys and girls
from Bilbao (Basque Country). Anthrop. Anzeiger, 54: 135-147.
• Rosique, J., Salces I., San Martín, L. and Rebato, E. (1996/97): Socio-economic status and statural growth in
Basque Population. Anthropologiai Közlemények, 38: 23-31.
• Rebato, E., Salces, I.,San Martín, L. and Rosique, J. (1998): Fat Distribution in relation to Sex and
Socioeconomic Status in children 4-19 years. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 10: 799-806.
• Rebato, E., San Martín, L., Susanne, C., Rosique, J. and Salces, I. (1999): Recent data about age at
menarche in the Biscay province (Basque Country, Spain). Int. J. Anthropol., 14: 203-209.
• Rosique J., Salces, I., Fernández-López, J.R., and Rebato, E. (2007): New height and weight growth
references for boys and girls from Biscay (4-21 years). Anthropologiai Közlemények, 48: 31-44.
20. Caracteres antropométricos: estudios
Nueva línea
familiares
de investigación (II): DETERMINANTES GENÉTICOS Y
AMBIENTALES DE LOS CARACTERES ANTROPOMÉTRICOS
DURANTE EL CRECIMIENTO (1995-actualidad).
Objetivos:
• Evaluación del grado de semejanza familiar para diversas características que
describen las variaciones en tamaño, forma y composición corporal de los
individuos durante el proceso de crecimiento, y establecer la importancia relativa
que los factores genéticos y ambientales ejercen sobre dichas características.
• Análisis de la transmisión familiar (genética y cultural), de las variaciones con la
edad y del ambiente común compartido.
• Estudio de la “arquitectura” genética y ambiental de la morfología corporal, en
particular el componente adiposo.
Técnicas: Antropométricas, Análisis de correlaciones entre emparentados y
estimación de la heredabilidad, Análisis Path. Programas estadísticos SEGPATH,
MAN, SOLAR, LMS, MLECOR. Diseño transversal.
Población: Familias nucleares residente en Bizkaia, principalmente Margen
izquierda y Gran Bilbao/Margen derecha.
21. Caracteres antropométricos: estudios
familiares
Tesis doctorales sobre heredabilidad
• Determinantes genéticos y ambientales del crecimiento y composición corporal
en la provincia de Vizcaya. Investigación sobre la transmisión familiar y las
variaciones con la edad (2002). (Beca GV)
• Body morphology, obesity and blood pressure in nuclear families from the Greater
Bilbao: genetic and environmental influences (2010). (Beca MEC)
180
170 Dizygotic twins: boys
Correlaciones entre distintos tipos de parientes para el IMC.
160
PARENTESCO CORRELACIīN p<
Height, cm
150
Esposos 0.10 ns
140
Padres/hijos adoptivos 0.12 ns
130 10 Primos hermanos 0.14 ns
120 8
T’os/sobrinos 0.14 ns
Padres/hijos biol—gicos 0.23 0.01
Increment, cm/yr
110 6
Hermanos/as 0.23 0.01
4
Gemelos DZ 0.34 0.01
2
Gemelos MZ 0.88 0.01
0
6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Age, years
22. Caracteres antropométricos: estudios
familiares
180
170
Monozygotic twins: boys
160
Height, cm
150
140
130 10
120 8
Increment, cm/yr
110 6
4
2
0
6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Age, years
23. Caracteres antropométricos: estudios
familiares
VARIABILIDAD FENOTÍPICA (VP)
Carácter cuantitativo continuo
Valor fenotípico (P)
Factores genéticos (G) Factores ambientales (E)
VP = VG + VE
VG = VA(aditiva) + VD(dominante) + VI (epistásica)
24. Caracteres antropométricos: estudios
familiares
Heredabilidad en sentido amplio (h2B) = VG / VP
Heredabilidad en sentido estricto (h2N) = VA / VP
25. Caracteres antropométricos: estudios
familiares
Cálculo de la heredabilidad generalizada o heredabilidad
multifactorial
h
2
=
(rhermanos + rprogenitor −descendiente )× (1 + resposos )
1 + resposos + (2resposos × rprogenitor− descendiente )
26. Caracteres antropométricos: estudios
familiares
• Algunas publicaciones sobre estudios familiares (heredabilidad)
• Rebato, E., Salces, I.,San Martín, L., Rosique, J., Hauspie, R. and Susanne, C. (1997): Age variations in sibling
correlations for height, sitting height and weight. Ann. Hum. Biol., 24: 585-592.
• Rebato, E., Rosique, J., San Martín, L. and Salces, I. (1997): Family correlations for craniofacial metric
characters. Study in Biscay Province siblings. Preliminar data. Arch. esp. morfol., 2: 23-24.
• Rebato, E., Salces, I.,Rosique, J., San Martín, L. and Susanne, C. (2000): Analysis of sibling resemblance in
anthropometric somatotype components. Ann. Hum. Biol., 27: 149-161. (top ten entre 2001 a 2003).
• Salces, I., Rebato, E., San Martín, L,. Rosique, J., Vinagre, A. and Susanne, C. (2002): Family resemblance for
anthropometric traits II. Assessment of maternal occupational and age effects. Homo, 52/3: 201-213.
• Salces, I., Rebato, E., and Susanne, C. (2004): Evidences of phenotypic and social assortative mating for
anthropometric and physiological traits in couples from the Basque Country (Spain). Journal of Biosocial Science,
36: 235-250.
• Salces, I., Rebato, E., and Susanne, C. (2004): Genetic and environmental sources on familial transmission in
Biscayan families. III. The dynamometric strength. HOMO. 54/3: 275-288.
• Rebato, E., Jelenkovic, A., Salces, I. (2007): Heritability of the somatotype components in Biscay families.
HOMO, 58 (3): 199-210.
• Jelenkovic, A., Poveda, A., Susanne, C., Rebato, E. (2008): Contribution of Genetics and Environment on
craniofacial Anthropometric Phenotypes in Belgian nuclear families. Human Biology, 80 (6): 637–654.
•Jelenkovic, A., Poveda, A., Susanne, C., Rebato, E. (in press 2010): Common genetic and environmental
factors between craniofacial traits in Belgian nuclear families: comparing skeletal and soft-tissue related
phenotypes HOMO Journal of Comparative Human Biology
•Jelenkovic, A., Poveda, A., Rebato, E. (in press 2010): A statistical investigation into the sharing of common
genetic factors between blood pressure and obesity phenotypes in nuclear families from the Greater Bilbao
(Spain). Journal of Hypertension, 8:
•Poveda, A., Jelenkovic, A., Susanne, C., Rebato, E. (in press 2010): Genetic contribution to variation in body
size and shape in Belgian nuclear families. Collegium Antropologicum.
27. Estudios sobre alimentación y
salud
Nueva línea de investigación (III): ANTROPOLOGIA DE LA ALIMENTACIÓN
(2000-actualidad)
Objetivos generales:
• Evaluación del estado nutricional actual de distintos grupos de población a
través del análisis de la composición corporal y de la variabilidad morfológica.
• Detección de malnutrición, tanto por exceso (sobrepeso, obesidad) como por
defecto (insuficiencia ponderal, malnutrición calórico-proteica), etc.
• Influencia del sexo, edad y factores socioeconómicos sobre el desarrollo de
la obesidad.
Técnicas:
Técnicas antropométricas (modelo de dos compartimentos)
Análisis de la Impedancia Bioeléctrica (BIA, modelo de tres compartimentos)
Encuestas socio-familiares y hábitos nutricionales
Estudio de la percepción de la imagen corporal
Población: Infantil y juvenil (en crecimiento), jóvenes adultos (universitarios de
la CAV) y ancianos (origen venezolano).
28. Estudios sobre alimentación y
salud
Mortalidad Rendimiento
intelectual
Morbilidad
Reproducción Alimentación Rendimiento
físico
Crecimiento Desarrollo
31. Estudios sobre alimentación y
salud
Tesis doctorales sobre antropología de la alimentación
•Evaluación del estado nutricional en ancianos venezolanos institucionalizados
(2003). (Beca CONYCIT)
•Evaluación del estado nutricional en estudiantes universitarios de la Comunidad
Autónoma Vasca. Un estudio bioantropológico (en curso, 2010). (Beca UPV/EHU)
33. Estudios sobre alimentación y
salud
Cambios morfológicos,
patrón de distribución de
grasa y somatotipo
antropométrico
34. Estudios sobre alimentación y
salud
•Algunas publicaciones sobre antropología de la alimentación
• Rebato, E., Rosique, J., Vinagre, A., Salces, I., San Martín, L. and Susanne, C. (2001): Nutritional
status related with socio-economic level in an urban sample from Bilbao (Basque Country). Am. J.
Hum. Biol., 13: 668-678.
• Rebato, E., Salces, I., Muñoz, M.J., Fernández Orth, J., Herrera, H., Ansotegui, L., Arroyo, M., and
Rocandio, A.M. (2003): BMI related to fat patterning in University Students from the Basque Country
(Spain). Anthropologie, XLI/1-2: 103-109.
• Herrera, H., Rebato, E., Arechabaleta, G., Lagrange, H., Salces, I., and Susanne, C. (2003): Body
Mass Index and Energy Intake in Venezuelan University Students. Nutrition research, 23 (3): 389-400.
• Herrera, H. Rebato, E., Hernández, R. Hernández de Valera, Y. and Alfonso-Sánchez, M. (2004):
Relationship Between Somatotype and Blood Pressure in a group of Institutionalized Venezuelan
Elders. Gerontology, 50 (4): 223-229.
• Arroyo, M., Rocandio, A.M., Ansotegui, L., Herrera, H., Salces, I. and Rebato, E. (2004): Comparison
of predicted body fat percentage from anthropometric methods and from impedance in University
Students. British Journal of Nutrition, 92: 827-832.
• Muñoz-Cachón, M.J., Salces, I., Arroyo, M., Ansotegui, L., Rocandio, A.M., Rebato, E. (2009):
Overweight and obesity: prediction by silhouettes in young adults. Obesity (Silver Spring), 17(3): 545-
549.
• Muñoz-Cachón, M.J., Salces, I., Arroyo, M., Ansotegui, L.; Rocandio, A.M.; and Rebato, E. (2007):
Body shape in relation to socio-economic status in young adults from the Basque Country. Collegium
Anthropologicum, 31 (4): 963-968.
35. Genética de la
Nueva línea de investigación (IV):
obesidad
DETERMINANTES GENÉTICOS Y
AMBIENTALES DE LA OBESIDAD (2008-actualidad)
Objetivos generales:
• Determinación de los fenotipos de obesidad en población general y en
familias de etnia gitana, y su relación con una serie de variables demográficas,
socioculturales, hábitos de vida, fisiológicas y bioquímicas.
• Estudio del grado de agregación y modo de transmisión familiar de los
fenotipos de obesidad.
• Determinación de genes ligados y asociados a la obesidad en familias de
etnia gitana y en población general mediante análisis de ligamiento y asociación
genética.
36. Genética de la
Técnicas:
obesidad
(I) Nivel fenotípico:
•Técnicas antropométricas (determinación de distintos fenotipos de obesidad)
•Recogida de datos biodemográficos y antecedentes de riesgo
•Datos bioquímicos y Presión arterial
•Imagen corporal
•Análisis de Genética cuantitativa: cálculo de correlaciones y estimación de la
heredabilidad (estudios familiares)
(II) Nivel genotípico:
•Recogida de muestras biológicas (saliva/sangre)
•Genotipado de SNPs (estudio de asociación)
•Genotipado de unos 350-400 loci microsatélites para descubrir nuevas regiones
cromosómicas ligadas a la obesidad (análisis de ligamiento)
Población:
Familias de etnia gitana
Población general (caso-control)
40. Marco
teórico
La realidad humana es el resultado de la co-
evolución de los sistemas culturales,
socioeconómicos y biológicos, que cada
población desarrolla en el medio donde vive.
Las claves de la Ecología Humana radican en la
comprensión de los fenómenos de interacción
entre Biología y Cultura.
41. Marco
teórico
La cultura es un fenómeno propio del ser humano,
que tiene múltiples aspectos. Dos definiciones:
El conjunto de patrones de comportamiento
social que se transmiten de generación en
generación por aprendizaje, y que tienen su raíz en
los sistemas tradicionales de valores de cada
población, determinando comportamientos
individuales y colectivos (Bernis, 2003).
El modo de vida de un pueblo, creado con su
esfuerzo colectivo, que resulta de la suma de su
ciencia, arte, economía, creencias, ritos, conductas,
instituciones sociales, leyes, estética, lenguaje, ética
y otros muchos aspectos (Ngugi, 1971).
42. Marco
teórico
La cultura se aprende y condiciona en el Hombre
dos tipos de herencia:
1) Herencia biológica: basada en la transmisión
de los genes de padres a hijos.
2) Herencia cultural: basada en la transmisión de
la información por enseñanza y aprendizaje
(métodos “no ADN”).
43. Marco
teórico
Componentes del ecosistema humano:
1) Las poblaciones humanas (unidades básicas de referencia);
2) Los medios geográfico y biológico (comunes a todas las
comunidades de seres vivos);
3) El medio cultural (es único y caracteriza a los ecosistemas
humanos): es el nicho ecológico ocupado por el Hombre y actúa
como tampón entre las poblaciones humanas y los medios
geográfico y biológico.
Estos componentes interaccionan entre si a través del
intercambio continuo de energía, que circula en dos ciclos
diferentes:
a) Ciclo de energía vital o nutritiva:
nos mantiene como unidades biológicas.
b) Ciclo de energía cultural:
nos mantiene como unidades sociales.
44. Marco
teórico
La adecuada comprensión e interpretación de
los procesos bioculturales en los grupos
humanos es imposible fuera del contexto
ecológico en el que se desarrollan los ciclos
vitales de sus individuos.
El ecosistema se convierte así en la unidad
superestructural de estudio, y puede ser definido
como “la situación global a la que se adaptan las
poblaciones y se ajustan los individuos”.