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1. ¿Qué es una estructura? (0.50 puntos) 
2. Cuáles son las funciones de una estructura (1 punto) 
3. Tipos de estructuras. Clasifícalas y explica cada una de ellas (0.75 puntos) 
4. ¿Qué es un esfuerzo? (0.50 puntos) 
5. Enumera los distintos tipos de esfuerzos y explícalos (1 punto) 
6. Relaciona los siguientes efectos con su respectivo esfuerzo. (0.75 puntos) 
Flexión Estiramiento 
Torsión Aplastamiento 
Cizalladura Doblado de la pieza 
Compresión Retorcimiento 
Tracción. Corte 
7. Para cada objeto, indica el tipo de estructura que lo conforma. (0.75 puntos) 
a) Templo griego 
b) La carrocería de un coche 
c) Cubierta de la televisión 
d) Silla 
e) Presa 
f) Acueducto romano 
g) Puente colgante 
h) Rascacielos 
i) Soporte de antena 
j) Puente romano 
8. Indica si son correctas las siguientes afirmaciones y explica tu respuesta. (0.75 
puntos) 
a) Las estructuras sólo sirven para soportar pesos. 
b) Las carcasas de los electrodomésticos sirve para ocultar sus piezas internas. 
c) Sólo los edificios y los puentes tienen estructura resistente debido a su tamaño. 
9. En un columpio, identifica los esfuerzos a que están sometidos los elementos de su 
estructura. (0.75 puntos)
10. Decir que tipo de esfuerzo soporta. (1 punto) 
 El cable que soporta la lámpara de un techo………………………………………………..……………… 
 Las patas de un 
taburete……………………………………..………………………………………………………. 
 Un tobogán……………………………………………………………………………….………………………………… 
 Punta de un destornillador……………………………………………………….…………………………………. 
 La tabla de una mesa………………………………………………………………….……………………………….. 
 Llave de un cerradura…………………………………………….……………………………………………………. 
 Un tornillo…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 
 El asiento de una silla…………………………………………………………………………………………………. 
 Tapón de rosca de un bolígrafo…………………………………………………………………………………… 
 Soportes de la baca de un coche…………………………………………………………………………………. 
 Unión que hay entre los postes y el larguero de una portería de futbol………………………. 
 Perchero colgado de una pared…………………………………………………………………………………… 
11. Indica a qué esfuerzos están sometidos los siguientes elementos resistentes. (0.75 
puntos) 
a) Las zapatas de un edificio 
b) Los pilares de un puente romano 
c) Los cables que sujetan la antena de TV. 
d) Las vigas de una estructura. 
12. ¿Qué significa triangular una estructura? (0.75 puntos) 
13. ¿Cómo conseguirías que las siguientes figuras no se deformen? (0.75 puntos)

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Examen de estructuras

  • 1. 1. ¿Qué es una estructura? (0.50 puntos) 2. Cuáles son las funciones de una estructura (1 punto) 3. Tipos de estructuras. Clasifícalas y explica cada una de ellas (0.75 puntos) 4. ¿Qué es un esfuerzo? (0.50 puntos) 5. Enumera los distintos tipos de esfuerzos y explícalos (1 punto) 6. Relaciona los siguientes efectos con su respectivo esfuerzo. (0.75 puntos) Flexión Estiramiento Torsión Aplastamiento Cizalladura Doblado de la pieza Compresión Retorcimiento Tracción. Corte 7. Para cada objeto, indica el tipo de estructura que lo conforma. (0.75 puntos) a) Templo griego b) La carrocería de un coche c) Cubierta de la televisión d) Silla e) Presa f) Acueducto romano g) Puente colgante h) Rascacielos i) Soporte de antena j) Puente romano 8. Indica si son correctas las siguientes afirmaciones y explica tu respuesta. (0.75 puntos) a) Las estructuras sólo sirven para soportar pesos. b) Las carcasas de los electrodomésticos sirve para ocultar sus piezas internas. c) Sólo los edificios y los puentes tienen estructura resistente debido a su tamaño. 9. En un columpio, identifica los esfuerzos a que están sometidos los elementos de su estructura. (0.75 puntos)
  • 2. 10. Decir que tipo de esfuerzo soporta. (1 punto)  El cable que soporta la lámpara de un techo………………………………………………..………………  Las patas de un taburete……………………………………..……………………………………………………….  Un tobogán……………………………………………………………………………….…………………………………  Punta de un destornillador……………………………………………………….………………………………….  La tabla de una mesa………………………………………………………………….………………………………..  Llave de un cerradura…………………………………………….…………………………………………………….  Un tornillo……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………  El asiento de una silla………………………………………………………………………………………………….  Tapón de rosca de un bolígrafo……………………………………………………………………………………  Soportes de la baca de un coche………………………………………………………………………………….  Unión que hay entre los postes y el larguero de una portería de futbol……………………….  Perchero colgado de una pared…………………………………………………………………………………… 11. Indica a qué esfuerzos están sometidos los siguientes elementos resistentes. (0.75 puntos) a) Las zapatas de un edificio b) Los pilares de un puente romano c) Los cables que sujetan la antena de TV. d) Las vigas de una estructura. 12. ¿Qué significa triangular una estructura? (0.75 puntos) 13. ¿Cómo conseguirías que las siguientes figuras no se deformen? (0.75 puntos)