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FALACIAS DE
INDUCCIÓN ERRÓNEA
José Machado
MUESTRA SESGADA
 Es una muestra que ha sido falsamente considerada como la típica
de una población de la cual ha sido tomada.
CENTRO DE ATENCIÓN
 Se produce cuando una persona sin criterio asume que todos los
miembros o casos de un cierto grupo, clase o tipo son como esos
pocos en el punto de mira, que reciben la mayor atención o cupo de

atención de los medios
LA VERDAD A MEDIAS
 Son frases engañosas y falsas, que incluyen algún elemento de
verdad. Las frases pueden ser parcialmente verdad, la frase pueden ser
incluso verdad pero no toda la verdad del conjunto lo que produce un

engaño provocado por omisión.
MUESTRAS INSUFICIENTES
 se llega a una generalización inducida basada en muy pocas
evidencias.
FALSA VIVENCIA
 Usa la descripción de un acontecimiento en extremo detalle para
convencer a alguien de que hay un problema. Aunque la vivencia sea
falsa o verdadera y no tenga ningún fundamento lógico
ARREGLO DE BULTO
 Asumir que las cosas que con frecuencia han sido agrupadas por
tradición o cultura en un conjunto deberían estar siempre agrupadas
de ese modo. Esta falacia es muy usual en los argumentos políticos
DILEMA
 Situación en la cual solo dos puntos de vista son sopesados como
las únicas opciones, cuando, en realidad, existen una o más opciones
que no han sido consideradas
ACCIDENTE
 Es una falacia lógica donde uno o más ejemplos se dice «prueban»
un caso más general.

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Falacias

  • 2. MUESTRA SESGADA  Es una muestra que ha sido falsamente considerada como la típica de una población de la cual ha sido tomada.
  • 3. CENTRO DE ATENCIÓN  Se produce cuando una persona sin criterio asume que todos los miembros o casos de un cierto grupo, clase o tipo son como esos pocos en el punto de mira, que reciben la mayor atención o cupo de atención de los medios
  • 4. LA VERDAD A MEDIAS  Son frases engañosas y falsas, que incluyen algún elemento de verdad. Las frases pueden ser parcialmente verdad, la frase pueden ser incluso verdad pero no toda la verdad del conjunto lo que produce un engaño provocado por omisión.
  • 5. MUESTRAS INSUFICIENTES  se llega a una generalización inducida basada en muy pocas evidencias.
  • 6. FALSA VIVENCIA  Usa la descripción de un acontecimiento en extremo detalle para convencer a alguien de que hay un problema. Aunque la vivencia sea falsa o verdadera y no tenga ningún fundamento lógico
  • 7. ARREGLO DE BULTO  Asumir que las cosas que con frecuencia han sido agrupadas por tradición o cultura en un conjunto deberían estar siempre agrupadas de ese modo. Esta falacia es muy usual en los argumentos políticos
  • 8. DILEMA  Situación en la cual solo dos puntos de vista son sopesados como las únicas opciones, cuando, en realidad, existen una o más opciones que no han sido consideradas
  • 9. ACCIDENTE  Es una falacia lógica donde uno o más ejemplos se dice «prueban» un caso más general.