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Fitorremediación de Mercurio y organomercuriales en cloroplastos de plantas transgénicas:  Mejoramiento de la absorción radicular,  la translocación a los brotes y la volatilización . Hussein S. Hussein†, Oscar N. Ruiz‡,§, Norman Terry†, and Henry Daniell‡* †Department of Plant and Molecular Biology, University of California at Berkeley, 111 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, California 94720-3102 (H.S.H., N.T.) ‡Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Biomolecular Science Building, Orlando, Florida 32816-2364 (O.N.R., H.D.)
Introducción El mercurio en el medio ambiente se presenta en forma de metil-mercurio un compuesto organomercurial que es fácilmente absorbidos y se sabe tiene actividad neurotóxica. Las tecnologías actuales resultan caras e ineficientes en grandes aéreas contaminada ,[object Object],Pueden contener ecosistemas perturbados ,[object Object],Tienen un limite en niveles altos de contaminación.
Introducción  ,[object Object]
Genes bacterianos merA y  merB le confieren resistencia  a compuestos de mercurio.merA : reductasa de iones de mercurio merB : enzima que sufre la proteonolisis de organomercuriales
Objetivo La absorción y translocación de Hg pueden ser alteradas en cloroplastos de plantas de tabaco transgénicas que expresan genes merAy merB Determinar si la desintoxicación en las plantas transgénicas es acompañada por la conversión de mercurio en su forma elemental volatilizable
Sección Experimental Se construyeron dos líneas de cloroplastos transgénicos: pLDR-Mer AB-3’UTR pLDR-Mer AB
Sección Experimental Germinación de plantas en suelos contaminados: Half strength Hoagland Arena/tierra para las macetas (50:50)  22-24ºC 75/90% 16h de luz 10 dias Medio Half strength MS Incubación  4ºC en obscuridad  3 dias Semihidroponia  Con los tratamientos
Sección Experimental Tratamientos (100, 200 300µM) PMA          HgCL2  Determinación de mercurio total en las plantas CVAAS automatizado  EPA 3010ª modificado
Medición de volatilización de Hg PMA y HgCL2  (100µM)  Solucion trampa peróxido alcalino  CVAAS
Resultados FIGURE 1. Hg concentration (μg g−1) in roots and shoots of untransformed (black bars) and chloroplast transgenic lines (pLDR-MerAB and pLDR-MerAB-3-UTR) grown for 15 days in soil amended with 100, 200, and 300 μM of either PMA or HgCl2.
Resultaddos FIGURE 2. The relationship between root dry weight (mg/plant) and root Hg concentrations (μg g−1) of untransformed and chloroplastengineeredpLDR-merAB and pLDR-merAB 3′UTR tobaccoLines.
Resultados FIGURE 3. The relationship between shoot dry weight (mg/plant) and shoot Hg concentrations (μg g−1) of untransformed and chloroplast engineered pLDR-merAB and pLDR-merAB 3′UTR tobacco lines.
Resultados FIGURE 5. Rates of Hg[0] volatilization from untransformed (solid line) and chloroplast engineered pLDR-merAB (dotted line) and pLDR-merAB 3′UTR (dashed line) tobacco plants grown for 13 days in soil amended with 100 μM of either PMA (A) or HgCl2 (B). Values shown are the average of threereplicates.
Conclusiones Tolerancia y crecimiento Las plantas no transformadas fueron igualmente afectadas por PMA y HgCL2  La acumulación y desplazamiento de las raíces a los brotes de las plantas transgénicas depende de la forma química del Hg Los genes merA y merB favorecen la absorción y translocación de Hg en altas concentraciones .
Conclusiones Volatilización El Hg tiene mayor acumulación y efecto toxico en el cloroplasto La inserción de los genes merA y merB tienen un efecto significativo en la volatilización del Hg  Las plantas transgénicas  volatilizaron la mayor parte de lo que redujeron

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Fitorremediacion De Mercurio Y Organomercuriales En Cloroplastos De

  • 1. Fitorremediación de Mercurio y organomercuriales en cloroplastos de plantas transgénicas: Mejoramiento de la absorción radicular, la translocación a los brotes y la volatilización . Hussein S. Hussein†, Oscar N. Ruiz‡,§, Norman Terry†, and Henry Daniell‡* †Department of Plant and Molecular Biology, University of California at Berkeley, 111 Koshland Hall, Berkeley, California 94720-3102 (H.S.H., N.T.) ‡Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Biomolecular Science Building, Orlando, Florida 32816-2364 (O.N.R., H.D.)
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4. Genes bacterianos merA y merB le confieren resistencia a compuestos de mercurio.merA : reductasa de iones de mercurio merB : enzima que sufre la proteonolisis de organomercuriales
  • 5. Objetivo La absorción y translocación de Hg pueden ser alteradas en cloroplastos de plantas de tabaco transgénicas que expresan genes merAy merB Determinar si la desintoxicación en las plantas transgénicas es acompañada por la conversión de mercurio en su forma elemental volatilizable
  • 6. Sección Experimental Se construyeron dos líneas de cloroplastos transgénicos: pLDR-Mer AB-3’UTR pLDR-Mer AB
  • 7. Sección Experimental Germinación de plantas en suelos contaminados: Half strength Hoagland Arena/tierra para las macetas (50:50) 22-24ºC 75/90% 16h de luz 10 dias Medio Half strength MS Incubación 4ºC en obscuridad 3 dias Semihidroponia Con los tratamientos
  • 8. Sección Experimental Tratamientos (100, 200 300µM) PMA HgCL2 Determinación de mercurio total en las plantas CVAAS automatizado EPA 3010ª modificado
  • 9. Medición de volatilización de Hg PMA y HgCL2 (100µM) Solucion trampa peróxido alcalino CVAAS
  • 10. Resultados FIGURE 1. Hg concentration (μg g−1) in roots and shoots of untransformed (black bars) and chloroplast transgenic lines (pLDR-MerAB and pLDR-MerAB-3-UTR) grown for 15 days in soil amended with 100, 200, and 300 μM of either PMA or HgCl2.
  • 11. Resultaddos FIGURE 2. The relationship between root dry weight (mg/plant) and root Hg concentrations (μg g−1) of untransformed and chloroplastengineeredpLDR-merAB and pLDR-merAB 3′UTR tobaccoLines.
  • 12. Resultados FIGURE 3. The relationship between shoot dry weight (mg/plant) and shoot Hg concentrations (μg g−1) of untransformed and chloroplast engineered pLDR-merAB and pLDR-merAB 3′UTR tobacco lines.
  • 13. Resultados FIGURE 5. Rates of Hg[0] volatilization from untransformed (solid line) and chloroplast engineered pLDR-merAB (dotted line) and pLDR-merAB 3′UTR (dashed line) tobacco plants grown for 13 days in soil amended with 100 μM of either PMA (A) or HgCl2 (B). Values shown are the average of threereplicates.
  • 14. Conclusiones Tolerancia y crecimiento Las plantas no transformadas fueron igualmente afectadas por PMA y HgCL2 La acumulación y desplazamiento de las raíces a los brotes de las plantas transgénicas depende de la forma química del Hg Los genes merA y merB favorecen la absorción y translocación de Hg en altas concentraciones .
  • 15. Conclusiones Volatilización El Hg tiene mayor acumulación y efecto toxico en el cloroplasto La inserción de los genes merA y merB tienen un efecto significativo en la volatilización del Hg Las plantas transgénicas volatilizaron la mayor parte de lo que redujeron
  • 16. Parece no haber diferencia entre pLDR-Mer AB-3’UTR y pLDR-MerAB Hg se desintoxica en la raíz El Hg se desintoxica en los brotes