Lesson Contents:
Every day we are dealing with the electronic circuits and devices in some or the other forms
because gadgets, home appliances, computers, transport systems, cell phones, cameras, TV, etc. all
have electronic components and devices. Today, electronics also covers areas involving healthcare,
medical diagnosis, automobiles, industries, etc. and convinced everyone that without electronics, it is
really impossible to work.
Robotics & Embedded IoT System Design [Day-1]Deepam Dubey
This document summarizes a 4-week summer training program hosted by the National Institute of Electronics & Information Technology in Gorakhpur, India. The program covers topics in robotics and IoT-based embedded system design. In the initial weeks, students will learn electronics fundamentals and embedded systems basics. Then they will split into robotics and IoT tracks, doing hands-on experiments with robotic and embedded kits. At the end, students will complete a small innovative project and quiz based on their learning. The document discusses the relevance of robotics and IoT and provides an overview of key concepts in both fields like sensors, programming, and applications.
Application of electronics and electrical deviceswasim anwar
This document provides an outline for a report on electronic and electrical devices. It begins with introductions to electronics and electrical devices. It then discusses the history and components of these devices. Applications are covered in areas like communication, industry/marketing, and medical. Upcoming technologies like futuristic phones and self-driving cars are also mentioned. The document concludes by discussing making computing devices more user friendly and running them with implicit commands.
This document provides an introduction to power electronics, including:
- A brief history of power electronics from the late 19th century developments in rectifiers and vacuum tubes to the modern transistor and other semiconductor devices.
- An overview of the development of different generations of power semiconductor devices from the 1950s to today, including thyristors in the 1950s-1970s, MOSFETs and other devices in the 1970s-1990s, and IGBTs from the 1990s onward.
- An explanation that power electronics now plays a major role in electrical engineering through its use in electronic converters that power many modern devices and systems.
POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION priyank pulkit rads praveerPRIYANK JAIN
The document provides an overview of the electricity sector in India. It discusses how electricity has become essential to modern life and the Indian economy. It then summarizes the history and development of the electricity sector in India, including key milestones like the 1991 reforms that opened the sector to private investment and the 2003 Electricity Act. The document also provides explanations of basic electricity concepts like voltage, current, power, frequency, as well as different components of the power system like generation, transmission, distribution and utilization.
Brief information of Electricity and wiring Mani Das
Electricity is a form of energy involving the flow of electrons. Benjamin Franklin first invented electricity and studied it, while Alessandro Volta discovered that chemical reactions can produce electricity and invented the first battery. Electricity can be generated through various means like heat, falling water, wind, solar, and chemical energy. There are two types of electric current: direct current where electrons flow in one direction and alternating current where electrons repeatedly change direction. Electricity has many applications like powering homes and industry as well as operating machines.
Tugas b.ing online 1 industri (autosaved)FernandezPuli
Computing and electronics have influenced society greatly by permeating communication, medicine, and science. While the abacus was one of the earliest digital computing devices, analog computing using mechanical devices began millennia ago in ancient Greece and Rome. In the 19th century, electrical power enabled electro-mechanical and hybrid digital and analog devices like the Hollerith punch card. Electronic components then revolutionized radios and televisions and were integrated into computers. Modern computers are now small and affordable due to transistors and integrated circuits.
Electronics deals with the flow of electrons in electrical circuits and components. The evolution of electronics occurred through three key developments: vacuum tubes, transistors, and integrated circuits. Transistors revolutionized electronics by making components smaller, lighter, and less expensive. The invention of the integrated circuit in 1958 marked the beginning of microelectronics and allowed large numbers of components to be placed on a single microchip. Electronics now impacts modern society in many areas including communication, entertainment, healthcare, transportation, and more. Emerging technologies include memristors, organic electronics, and electronic textiles.
Lesson Contents:
Every day we are dealing with the electronic circuits and devices in some or the other forms
because gadgets, home appliances, computers, transport systems, cell phones, cameras, TV, etc. all
have electronic components and devices. Today, electronics also covers areas involving healthcare,
medical diagnosis, automobiles, industries, etc. and convinced everyone that without electronics, it is
really impossible to work.
Robotics & Embedded IoT System Design [Day-1]Deepam Dubey
This document summarizes a 4-week summer training program hosted by the National Institute of Electronics & Information Technology in Gorakhpur, India. The program covers topics in robotics and IoT-based embedded system design. In the initial weeks, students will learn electronics fundamentals and embedded systems basics. Then they will split into robotics and IoT tracks, doing hands-on experiments with robotic and embedded kits. At the end, students will complete a small innovative project and quiz based on their learning. The document discusses the relevance of robotics and IoT and provides an overview of key concepts in both fields like sensors, programming, and applications.
Application of electronics and electrical deviceswasim anwar
This document provides an outline for a report on electronic and electrical devices. It begins with introductions to electronics and electrical devices. It then discusses the history and components of these devices. Applications are covered in areas like communication, industry/marketing, and medical. Upcoming technologies like futuristic phones and self-driving cars are also mentioned. The document concludes by discussing making computing devices more user friendly and running them with implicit commands.
This document provides an introduction to power electronics, including:
- A brief history of power electronics from the late 19th century developments in rectifiers and vacuum tubes to the modern transistor and other semiconductor devices.
- An overview of the development of different generations of power semiconductor devices from the 1950s to today, including thyristors in the 1950s-1970s, MOSFETs and other devices in the 1970s-1990s, and IGBTs from the 1990s onward.
- An explanation that power electronics now plays a major role in electrical engineering through its use in electronic converters that power many modern devices and systems.
POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION priyank pulkit rads praveerPRIYANK JAIN
The document provides an overview of the electricity sector in India. It discusses how electricity has become essential to modern life and the Indian economy. It then summarizes the history and development of the electricity sector in India, including key milestones like the 1991 reforms that opened the sector to private investment and the 2003 Electricity Act. The document also provides explanations of basic electricity concepts like voltage, current, power, frequency, as well as different components of the power system like generation, transmission, distribution and utilization.
Brief information of Electricity and wiring Mani Das
Electricity is a form of energy involving the flow of electrons. Benjamin Franklin first invented electricity and studied it, while Alessandro Volta discovered that chemical reactions can produce electricity and invented the first battery. Electricity can be generated through various means like heat, falling water, wind, solar, and chemical energy. There are two types of electric current: direct current where electrons flow in one direction and alternating current where electrons repeatedly change direction. Electricity has many applications like powering homes and industry as well as operating machines.
Tugas b.ing online 1 industri (autosaved)FernandezPuli
Computing and electronics have influenced society greatly by permeating communication, medicine, and science. While the abacus was one of the earliest digital computing devices, analog computing using mechanical devices began millennia ago in ancient Greece and Rome. In the 19th century, electrical power enabled electro-mechanical and hybrid digital and analog devices like the Hollerith punch card. Electronic components then revolutionized radios and televisions and were integrated into computers. Modern computers are now small and affordable due to transistors and integrated circuits.
Electronics deals with the flow of electrons in electrical circuits and components. The evolution of electronics occurred through three key developments: vacuum tubes, transistors, and integrated circuits. Transistors revolutionized electronics by making components smaller, lighter, and less expensive. The invention of the integrated circuit in 1958 marked the beginning of microelectronics and allowed large numbers of components to be placed on a single microchip. Electronics now impacts modern society in many areas including communication, entertainment, healthcare, transportation, and more. Emerging technologies include memristors, organic electronics, and electronic textiles.
This document contains the Report for a Synchronizing Panel that I made for Diploma main project. It carries the complete detail about parallel operation AC Generators aka Alternators.
The field of electronics is a branch of physics and electrical engineering that deals with the emission, behaviour and effects of electrons using electronic devices. Electronics uses active devices to control electron flow by amplification and rectification, which distinguishes it from classical electrical engineering, which only uses passive effects such as resistance, capacitance and inductance to control electric current flow.[citation needed]
Electrocardiograph is a biomedical device that measures electrical potential generated by
electrical activity that occurs due to the heart’s pumping action. The graphical presentation of the
Electrocardiogram (ECG) can be interpreted so that normal and abnormal rhythms of the heart can be detected
and diagnosed. Design, construction and manufacturing of this device in Africa would improve access to health
care, create employment and improve the African economy. The major materials considered for the
implementation include the instrumentation amplifier AD624, Low Noise JFET Operational Amplifier TL074, a
clinical standard 12-lead ECG electrode, various electrical and electronic components such as resistors,
capacitors and diodes for protection and an oscilloscope. The electrodes connected to the body convert the
heart signal into electrical voltage. These voltages obtained from the body are too small for the oscilloscope to
capture and so are amplified using AD624. Noise from the environment affects the ECG signal. To suppress the
noise, the signal from the amplifier is filtered. According to the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) specification, the bandwidth required for an ECG filtering is between 0.5Hz – 150Hz. Band-pass filtering
is used. The signal obtained from the band pass filter stage is then passed through a notch filter to further
eliminate 50 Hz noise from the power line. The result is then displayed on an oscilloscope. The
Electrocardiograph was tested on different subjects and the results compare favourably with results obtained
with imported ECG monitor.
The document provides an overview of the evolution of electronics from its early history to modern developments. It begins with the current widespread use of electronics in various areas of life. It then discusses the key inventions and developments in electronics chronologically, including the vacuum tube, transistor, integrated circuit, digital and analog circuits, contributions of important scientists like Volta, Ohm, Maxwell, and developments like the microprocessor. The document covers electronics innovations from the late 1800s to modern times and how they transformed and advanced the field.
Electricity is produced by the flow of electrons through a conductor. It is a vital resource that powers economic growth and development. There are natural and artificial sources of electricity. In automobiles, the main source is a storage battery, which is kept charged by an alternator. The basic units of electricity are electrons, voltage, current, resistance, and watts. Voltage is the force that pushes electricity through a wire, current is the flow of electrons, and resistance restricts this flow. Power in watts is calculated by multiplying amps times volts. Understanding these basic concepts is key to working with electrical systems.
This document discusses the history and development of electronic engineering. It traces the field back to Thomas Edison's discovery of the thermionic phenomenon in 1884, which led to the development of the first electronic valve. Important early developments include Nikola Tesla demonstrating radio communication in 1893 and Edwin Armstrong developing the regenerative circuit and superheterodyne receiver in 1912. The invention of the triode by Lee de Forest in 1907 provided the basis for modern electronics by allowing control of electric currents. The development of the transistor by William Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain at Bell Labs in 1947 revolutionized electronics by replacing valves. The document outlines some of the areas and industries that electronic engineers work in, such as telecommunications
Memristor is considered as the 4th fundamental circuit element envisioned by famous circuit theorist Leon Chua in 1971.
This mysterious element is the missing link between electric charge and magnetic flux. The device has the peculiar property to remember the history of its past event when the supply is turned off.
Very-Low-Voltage and Ultra-Low-Power Analog Circuits for Nomadic ApplicationsBHAVANA KONERU
This document provides an overview of low-power and low-voltage analog circuits for nomadic applications. It discusses nomadic systems that harvest energy from the environment and must operate at very low voltages and power levels. Various energy harvesting techniques are described, including piezoelectric, electrostatic, electromagnetic, thermoelectric, and photovoltaic. Key components for nomadic systems are also discussed, such as operational amplifiers, voltage references, and data converters, and recent examples of low-power implementations of these components are reviewed. The document provides context on the challenges of designing analog circuits that can operate at sub-1V supply voltages while maintaining good performance and consuming only hundreds of nanowatts of power.
Lecture 01 Introduction and applications of Electronics & SemiConductors.pdfAthar Baig
The document provides an overview of electronics and semiconductors. It discusses how electronics relies on semiconductors and the key semiconductor materials used - Germanium, Silicon, and Gallium Arsenide. Silicon is highlighted as the most widely used due to its abundance, low cost, and the decades of development into its processing technology. The document also reviews the history of electronics from vacuum tubes to transistors and integrated circuits, and how semiconductors replaced vacuum tubes as the fundamental building blocks of electronic devices.
This document proposes a novel battery charger that operates using random sound sources or air pressure. It discusses how piezoelectric materials can generate electricity from applied pressure or vibration. The proposed design uses a piezoelectric transducer to convert sound into electricity, which is then amplified and stored to charge a mobile phone battery. Experiments showed the design was able to fully charge a battery within 20 minutes using ambient sound sources. The summary concludes the design could help address issues with electricity access and reduce reliance on external chargers.
Project Report on ECG Transmitter using Agilent ADS (Advance System Design)Manu Mitra
In 1996, Intellidesign Pty Ltd (then IntelliMed) was approached by a cardiologist to design an ECG Holter monitor. This original device was a two or three lead, single channel ECG device, which could continuously record for a maximum of one hour. Additionally, the device had Polar Chest Strap capabilities for the added functionality as a Heart Rate monitor. The device could operate in four different modes: 1-hour ECG Recording Mode, in which the device would record one continuous hour of near diagnostic quality ECG trace during exercise; Event Recording Mode, in which the device would record up to 60, one minute segments around a recorded event, over a period of up to 24 hours; Heart rate Recording Mode, in which the unit would have the capacity to record up to 24 hours of heart rate information; and ECG Telemetry Mode, in which the unit would transmit, via a Radio Frequency (RF) link, a real-time ECG signal to a receiver unit. The purpose of this project is to design ECG transmitter using the software Agilent ADS.
This document provides an introduction to electronics, covering its history, types of electricity, electronic components, circuits, and systems. It discusses how Greeks discovered static electricity in 600 BC by rubbing wool on amber. It describes the two main types of electricity as static and produced, and the different ways electricity can be produced, such as through magnetism, chemicals, light, heat, or pressure. The document outlines the four basic steps to studying electronics: basic electricity, electronic components, electronic circuits, and electronic systems. It provides examples within communications, computers, consumer products, industrial applications, and test and measurement. Finally, it recommends several important scientists and inventors to research further.
This document provides an introduction to electronics, covering its history, types of electricity, electronic components, circuits, and systems. It discusses how Greeks discovered static electricity by rubbing amber in 600 BC. It defines static and produced electricity, and describes how magnetism, chemicals, light, heat, and pressure can produce electricity. The four basic steps in electronics - basic electricity, electronic components, electronic circuits, and electronic systems - are outlined. Important scientists in the history of electronics are also listed.
This document provides an introduction to semiconductor manufacturing and discusses its history and key challenges. It describes the development of early electronic devices like vacuum tubes and transistors. The first integrated circuits were developed in the late 1950s and combined multiple components on a single chip of germanium or silicon. Over time, components have been miniaturized according to Moore's Law, doubling in number every 18 months. This miniaturization and increasing component density is allowing for greater device functionality but also presents manufacturing challenges around smaller feature sizes.
4. reading energy from piece fair energy meter by using esp8266k srikanth
Reading power consumption from a load is a difficult task. Everyone wants to know that how much power my load is consumed. Even in industries and home appliances everyone wants to know that details of power consumption. These days’ technologies improved a lot. So everyone wants to measure the load data. ESP 8266 is a serial to Wi-Fi microcontroller.
This document provides an overview of a basic electrical engineering course covering DC circuits and AC fundamentals. It includes the course code, credit hours, prerequisites, syllabus overview divided into modules, course delivery details for the first three weeks, and intended course outcome of analyzing DC circuits and interpreting AC fundamentals concepts. The document also provides foundational explanations of key electrical parameters such as current, voltage, resistance and power.
This document provides an overview of electric power systems, including their history and basic concepts. It discusses how electric power systems evolved from early experiments in the 18th century through the development of generators, transformers, and interconnected grids. The key concepts of voltage, current, power, energy, direct current, alternating current, frequency, and the three types of loads - resistive, inductive, and capacitive - are explained. Today's electric power systems generate power, transmit it over high-voltage lines, transform the voltage, and distribute power to homes and businesses in real-time as it is consumed.
LECTURE 1 about how to study covalent bonds.pptxHaroonSaghir2
This document provides an overview of the topics that will be covered in a lecture on basic electronics. The lecture will introduce concepts like voltage, current, and resistance. It will discuss why an understanding of electronics is important for computer science students and how computing and electronics are interrelated. It emphasizes that a closed conductive path or circuit is needed for electric current to flow. Voltage is defined as the difference in electric potential needed to cause current flow. Batteries, generators and solar cells are mentioned as common sources of electrical energy. Resistance is described as opposing the flow of current and generating heat when current passes through a resistor.
Digital Twins Computer Networking Paper Presentation.pptxaryanpankaj78
A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
This document contains the Report for a Synchronizing Panel that I made for Diploma main project. It carries the complete detail about parallel operation AC Generators aka Alternators.
The field of electronics is a branch of physics and electrical engineering that deals with the emission, behaviour and effects of electrons using electronic devices. Electronics uses active devices to control electron flow by amplification and rectification, which distinguishes it from classical electrical engineering, which only uses passive effects such as resistance, capacitance and inductance to control electric current flow.[citation needed]
Electrocardiograph is a biomedical device that measures electrical potential generated by
electrical activity that occurs due to the heart’s pumping action. The graphical presentation of the
Electrocardiogram (ECG) can be interpreted so that normal and abnormal rhythms of the heart can be detected
and diagnosed. Design, construction and manufacturing of this device in Africa would improve access to health
care, create employment and improve the African economy. The major materials considered for the
implementation include the instrumentation amplifier AD624, Low Noise JFET Operational Amplifier TL074, a
clinical standard 12-lead ECG electrode, various electrical and electronic components such as resistors,
capacitors and diodes for protection and an oscilloscope. The electrodes connected to the body convert the
heart signal into electrical voltage. These voltages obtained from the body are too small for the oscilloscope to
capture and so are amplified using AD624. Noise from the environment affects the ECG signal. To suppress the
noise, the signal from the amplifier is filtered. According to the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) specification, the bandwidth required for an ECG filtering is between 0.5Hz – 150Hz. Band-pass filtering
is used. The signal obtained from the band pass filter stage is then passed through a notch filter to further
eliminate 50 Hz noise from the power line. The result is then displayed on an oscilloscope. The
Electrocardiograph was tested on different subjects and the results compare favourably with results obtained
with imported ECG monitor.
The document provides an overview of the evolution of electronics from its early history to modern developments. It begins with the current widespread use of electronics in various areas of life. It then discusses the key inventions and developments in electronics chronologically, including the vacuum tube, transistor, integrated circuit, digital and analog circuits, contributions of important scientists like Volta, Ohm, Maxwell, and developments like the microprocessor. The document covers electronics innovations from the late 1800s to modern times and how they transformed and advanced the field.
Electricity is produced by the flow of electrons through a conductor. It is a vital resource that powers economic growth and development. There are natural and artificial sources of electricity. In automobiles, the main source is a storage battery, which is kept charged by an alternator. The basic units of electricity are electrons, voltage, current, resistance, and watts. Voltage is the force that pushes electricity through a wire, current is the flow of electrons, and resistance restricts this flow. Power in watts is calculated by multiplying amps times volts. Understanding these basic concepts is key to working with electrical systems.
This document discusses the history and development of electronic engineering. It traces the field back to Thomas Edison's discovery of the thermionic phenomenon in 1884, which led to the development of the first electronic valve. Important early developments include Nikola Tesla demonstrating radio communication in 1893 and Edwin Armstrong developing the regenerative circuit and superheterodyne receiver in 1912. The invention of the triode by Lee de Forest in 1907 provided the basis for modern electronics by allowing control of electric currents. The development of the transistor by William Shockley, John Bardeen and Walter Brattain at Bell Labs in 1947 revolutionized electronics by replacing valves. The document outlines some of the areas and industries that electronic engineers work in, such as telecommunications
Memristor is considered as the 4th fundamental circuit element envisioned by famous circuit theorist Leon Chua in 1971.
This mysterious element is the missing link between electric charge and magnetic flux. The device has the peculiar property to remember the history of its past event when the supply is turned off.
Very-Low-Voltage and Ultra-Low-Power Analog Circuits for Nomadic ApplicationsBHAVANA KONERU
This document provides an overview of low-power and low-voltage analog circuits for nomadic applications. It discusses nomadic systems that harvest energy from the environment and must operate at very low voltages and power levels. Various energy harvesting techniques are described, including piezoelectric, electrostatic, electromagnetic, thermoelectric, and photovoltaic. Key components for nomadic systems are also discussed, such as operational amplifiers, voltage references, and data converters, and recent examples of low-power implementations of these components are reviewed. The document provides context on the challenges of designing analog circuits that can operate at sub-1V supply voltages while maintaining good performance and consuming only hundreds of nanowatts of power.
Lecture 01 Introduction and applications of Electronics & SemiConductors.pdfAthar Baig
The document provides an overview of electronics and semiconductors. It discusses how electronics relies on semiconductors and the key semiconductor materials used - Germanium, Silicon, and Gallium Arsenide. Silicon is highlighted as the most widely used due to its abundance, low cost, and the decades of development into its processing technology. The document also reviews the history of electronics from vacuum tubes to transistors and integrated circuits, and how semiconductors replaced vacuum tubes as the fundamental building blocks of electronic devices.
This document proposes a novel battery charger that operates using random sound sources or air pressure. It discusses how piezoelectric materials can generate electricity from applied pressure or vibration. The proposed design uses a piezoelectric transducer to convert sound into electricity, which is then amplified and stored to charge a mobile phone battery. Experiments showed the design was able to fully charge a battery within 20 minutes using ambient sound sources. The summary concludes the design could help address issues with electricity access and reduce reliance on external chargers.
Project Report on ECG Transmitter using Agilent ADS (Advance System Design)Manu Mitra
In 1996, Intellidesign Pty Ltd (then IntelliMed) was approached by a cardiologist to design an ECG Holter monitor. This original device was a two or three lead, single channel ECG device, which could continuously record for a maximum of one hour. Additionally, the device had Polar Chest Strap capabilities for the added functionality as a Heart Rate monitor. The device could operate in four different modes: 1-hour ECG Recording Mode, in which the device would record one continuous hour of near diagnostic quality ECG trace during exercise; Event Recording Mode, in which the device would record up to 60, one minute segments around a recorded event, over a period of up to 24 hours; Heart rate Recording Mode, in which the unit would have the capacity to record up to 24 hours of heart rate information; and ECG Telemetry Mode, in which the unit would transmit, via a Radio Frequency (RF) link, a real-time ECG signal to a receiver unit. The purpose of this project is to design ECG transmitter using the software Agilent ADS.
This document provides an introduction to electronics, covering its history, types of electricity, electronic components, circuits, and systems. It discusses how Greeks discovered static electricity in 600 BC by rubbing wool on amber. It describes the two main types of electricity as static and produced, and the different ways electricity can be produced, such as through magnetism, chemicals, light, heat, or pressure. The document outlines the four basic steps to studying electronics: basic electricity, electronic components, electronic circuits, and electronic systems. It provides examples within communications, computers, consumer products, industrial applications, and test and measurement. Finally, it recommends several important scientists and inventors to research further.
This document provides an introduction to electronics, covering its history, types of electricity, electronic components, circuits, and systems. It discusses how Greeks discovered static electricity by rubbing amber in 600 BC. It defines static and produced electricity, and describes how magnetism, chemicals, light, heat, and pressure can produce electricity. The four basic steps in electronics - basic electricity, electronic components, electronic circuits, and electronic systems - are outlined. Important scientists in the history of electronics are also listed.
This document provides an introduction to semiconductor manufacturing and discusses its history and key challenges. It describes the development of early electronic devices like vacuum tubes and transistors. The first integrated circuits were developed in the late 1950s and combined multiple components on a single chip of germanium or silicon. Over time, components have been miniaturized according to Moore's Law, doubling in number every 18 months. This miniaturization and increasing component density is allowing for greater device functionality but also presents manufacturing challenges around smaller feature sizes.
4. reading energy from piece fair energy meter by using esp8266k srikanth
Reading power consumption from a load is a difficult task. Everyone wants to know that how much power my load is consumed. Even in industries and home appliances everyone wants to know that details of power consumption. These days’ technologies improved a lot. So everyone wants to measure the load data. ESP 8266 is a serial to Wi-Fi microcontroller.
This document provides an overview of a basic electrical engineering course covering DC circuits and AC fundamentals. It includes the course code, credit hours, prerequisites, syllabus overview divided into modules, course delivery details for the first three weeks, and intended course outcome of analyzing DC circuits and interpreting AC fundamentals concepts. The document also provides foundational explanations of key electrical parameters such as current, voltage, resistance and power.
This document provides an overview of electric power systems, including their history and basic concepts. It discusses how electric power systems evolved from early experiments in the 18th century through the development of generators, transformers, and interconnected grids. The key concepts of voltage, current, power, energy, direct current, alternating current, frequency, and the three types of loads - resistive, inductive, and capacitive - are explained. Today's electric power systems generate power, transmit it over high-voltage lines, transform the voltage, and distribute power to homes and businesses in real-time as it is consumed.
LECTURE 1 about how to study covalent bonds.pptxHaroonSaghir2
This document provides an overview of the topics that will be covered in a lecture on basic electronics. The lecture will introduce concepts like voltage, current, and resistance. It will discuss why an understanding of electronics is important for computer science students and how computing and electronics are interrelated. It emphasizes that a closed conductive path or circuit is needed for electric current to flow. Voltage is defined as the difference in electric potential needed to cause current flow. Batteries, generators and solar cells are mentioned as common sources of electrical energy. Resistance is described as opposing the flow of current and generating heat when current passes through a resistor.
Similar a Fundamentals of Electronics- Basic Electronics notes (20)
Digital Twins Computer Networking Paper Presentation.pptxaryanpankaj78
A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
Discover the latest insights on Data Driven Maintenance with our comprehensive webinar presentation. Learn about traditional maintenance challenges, the right approach to utilizing data, and the benefits of adopting a Data Driven Maintenance strategy. Explore real-world examples, industry best practices, and innovative solutions like FMECA and the D3M model. This presentation, led by expert Jules Oudmans, is essential for asset owners looking to optimize their maintenance processes and leverage digital technologies for improved efficiency and performance. Download now to stay ahead in the evolving maintenance landscape.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
Mechatronics is a multidisciplinary field that refers to the skill sets needed in the contemporary, advanced automated manufacturing industry. At the intersection of mechanics, electronics, and computing, mechatronics specialists create simpler, smarter systems. Mechatronics is an essential foundation for the expected growth in automation and manufacturing.
Mechatronics deals with robotics, control systems, and electro-mechanical systems.
Supermarket Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
Supermarket management is a stand-alone J2EE using Eclipse Juno program.
This project contains all the necessary required information about maintaining
the supermarket billing system.
The core idea of this project to minimize the paper work and centralize the
data. Here all the communication is taken in secure manner. That is, in this
application the information will be stored in client itself. For further security the
data base is stored in the back-end oracle and so no intruders can access it.
Accident detection system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has made our lives easier. The
advent of technology has also increased the traffic hazards and the road accidents take place
frequently which causes huge loss of life and property because of the poor emergency facilities.
Many lives could have been saved if emergency service could get accident information and
reach in time. Our project will provide an optimum solution to this draw back. A piezo electric
sensor can be used as a crash or rollover detector of the vehicle during and after a crash. With
signals from a piezo electric sensor, a severe accident can be recognized. According to this
project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately piezo electric sensor will detect the
signal or if a car rolls over. Then with the help of GSM module and GPS module, the location
will be sent to the emergency contact. Then after conforming the location necessary action will
be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no serious threat to anyone’s
life, then the alert message can be terminated by the driver by a switch provided in order to
avoid wasting the valuable time of the medical rescue team.
Build the Next Generation of Apps with the Einstein 1 Platform.
Rejoignez Philippe Ozil pour une session de workshops qui vous guidera à travers les détails de la plateforme Einstein 1, l'importance des données pour la création d'applications d'intelligence artificielle et les différents outils et technologies que Salesforce propose pour vous apporter tous les bénéfices de l'IA.
Prediction of Electrical Energy Efficiency Using Information on Consumer's Ac...PriyankaKilaniya
Energy efficiency has been important since the latter part of the last century. The main object of this survey is to determine the energy efficiency knowledge among consumers. Two separate districts in Bangladesh are selected to conduct the survey on households and showrooms about the energy and seller also. The survey uses the data to find some regression equations from which it is easy to predict energy efficiency knowledge. The data is analyzed and calculated based on five important criteria. The initial target was to find some factors that help predict a person's energy efficiency knowledge. From the survey, it is found that the energy efficiency awareness among the people of our country is very low. Relationships between household energy use behaviors are estimated using a unique dataset of about 40 households and 20 showrooms in Bangladesh's Chapainawabganj and Bagerhat districts. Knowledge of energy consumption and energy efficiency technology options is found to be associated with household use of energy conservation practices. Household characteristics also influence household energy use behavior. Younger household cohorts are more likely to adopt energy-efficient technologies and energy conservation practices and place primary importance on energy saving for environmental reasons. Education also influences attitudes toward energy conservation in Bangladesh. Low-education households indicate they primarily save electricity for the environment while high-education households indicate they are motivated by environmental concerns.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
NATURAL DEEP EUTECTIC SOLVENTS AS ANTI-FREEZING AGENT
Fundamentals of Electronics- Basic Electronics notes
1. 1. Fundamentals of Electronics
FALL 2018
WEEK 1
INSTRUCTOR: ENGR. BUSHRA AIJAZ
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Outline
1. Introduction to Electronics
2. Applications
3. History
4. Basic Terminologies
5. Conclusion
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1.1 Introduction to Electronics
Electronics, branch of physics and electrical engineering that deals with the emission,
behavior, and effects of electrons and with electrical devices.
Electronic device is a device that accomplishes its purpose electronically.
Mainly electronic devices are those small elements on the electrical systems which uses to
make easy current flow through the whole system.
As a whole electronic devices are diodes, transistors, integrated circuits, vacuum tubes
etc.
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1.2 Applications of Electronics
In Medical sciences
In Computer sciences & IT world
In Media industry
In Gaming
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In Computer Science and IT world
The importance of electronic devices is huge in computer education and we
will discuss some of these in here:
Semiconductor devices are made with silicon are the heart of every
personal computer
Simple wrist watches to cell phones and others digital devices are made by
semiconductors
Simple calculators to scientific calculators are made with semiconductor
chip
In computer signaling we use LED systems which is also made by diodes
Each and every digital circuit systems like CPU motherboard, Graphic
Cards, circuit boards etc. are using semiconductor chipset and microchips
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…cont
Even in memory card to flash drive are using semiconductor
technologies for saving data
Cloud computing is totally based on data center and Big data center
is using semiconductors systems
Techgiants like google, facebook, twitter are making millions of data.
To save those information they are using haddrives, on the big
computer systems which are totally based on semiconductor
technologies.
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…cont
There has been created lots of semiconductors companies throughout globe.
Some of those prominent companies are:
Intel –the largest maker of computer CPU in the world
Texas Instruments –maker of the most popular electronic calculators and
thousand of other semiconductors
Samsung –prominent Korean manufacturer of memory circuits and other
electronics
Toshiba –large Japanese manufacture
Lots of techgiant like Intel, hp, Yahoo, ebay, Google, Apple started their
business from Silicon Valley
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…cont
People working outside office through use of telecommunication devices interacting with
IT world
Information kiosk provides information on nearby facilities in public places
Electronic money can be used for petty cash payments as ATM and Octopus
Internet of Things
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In Media Industry
Media Industry uses electronics or electromechanical audience to
access the content.
The primary electronic media sources familiar to the general public are
video recordings, audio recordings, multimedia presentations, slide
presentations, CD-ROM and online content.
Most new media are in the form of digital media. However, electronic
media may be in either analog electronics data or digital electronic
data format.
Any equipment used in the electronic communication process (e.g.
television, radio, telephone, desktop computer, game console,
handheld devices) are all results of electronic advancements.
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1.3 History- Pioneers in Electronics
French natural philosopher Charles Augustin Coulomb
(1736-1806) developed a method for measuring the
force of attraction and repulsion between two
electrically charged spheres.
Coulomb established the law of inverse squares and
defined the basic unit of charge quantity, the Coulomb
Charles Coulomb
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In 1796 Italian physicist Alessandro Volta (1745-1827)
developed the first chemical battery, which provided the
first practical source of electricity
The unit of measure for current, the ampere (A) was named
for French physicist Andre Marie Ampere (1775 -1836).
Ampere discovered that two parallel wires attract each
other when currents flow through them in the same
direction and repel each other when currents are made to
flow in opposite directions.
Alessandro Volta
Andre Ampere
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1.4 Basic Terminologies
A. Electric Charge
B. Electric Current
C. Potential & Potential Difference
D. Energy & Power
E. Types of materials
F. System International (SI) Units
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A. Electric Charge
The total deficiency or excess of electrons in a body is known as its
charge.
If there is excess of electrons, the body is said to be negatively-
charged. Conversely, if there is deficiency of electron , the body is said
to be positively-charged.
The two important properties are:
Conservative
Quantized
Unit of electric chage is couomb (C). 1C= 6.24exp18 electrons
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B. Electric Current
It is the rate of flow of electric charge.
If a charge of q coulombs flows across any point in a conductor in time
t seconds, then
Current= charge/ time (or i=q/t)
Its unit is ampere (A).
Conventional current is the net rate of flow of positive charge whereas
electronic current is the net rate of flow of negative charge.
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C. Potential and Potential Difference
The ability of a charge to do work represent its potential.
Voltage (or potential difference) is the energy required to move a unit
charge through an element, measured in volts (V)
Voltage=workdone/charge (or V= W/q)
A constant voltage is called a DC voltage whereas a sinusoidally time-
varying voltage is called an AC voltage.
Voltage is commonly produced by a battery; ac voltage is produced
by an electric generator.
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D. Energy and Power
Energy is the capacity to do work, measured in Joules (J)
It is given as w=P*t
Power is the time rate of expending or absorbing energy or simply,
Power is defined as a product of Electric current and Electric potential
P=I*V (or P=w/t)
Its unit is watt
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1.5 Conclusion
Whole data base systems are now rely on semiconductors directly or
indirectly
This modern age would be impossible without semiconductors that
means without electronic device knowledge in the computer science
education the modern era would be impossible
Semiconductors are neither purely insulator nor conductors.
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