Estudio de fábrica en el plutón Huemul, cordillera de Chile Central, describiendo el vínculo entre acortamiento tectónico y segregación de riolitas someras durante el Mioceno Tardío. Para artículo completo, favor contactarme.
This document summarizes a study of fluid exchange between a subducting slab and mantle wedge in the Guatemala Suture Zone. Samples of schist, jadeitite, and eclogite were analyzed to understand the chemical composition of the mantle wedge and subducting slab. Zoning in mica crystals was examined using an optical microscope, electron probe microanalysis, and laser ablation-ICPMS to provide a chemical history of fluid events. Zoning was observed in mica from the schist and jadeitite samples but not the eclogite, suggesting the eclogite experienced fewer fluid events. Analyzing mica zoning provides insight into the chemical exchange between subducting slabs and mantle wedges.
Fluid inclusions in metamorphic rocks provide information about fluids present during metamorphism. Fluid inclusions form when small portions of fluid get trapped in mineral crystals during their growth. Studies of fluid inclusions in South Indian granulites show they commonly contain CO2-rich fluids. Massive/banded charnockites from this region experienced high-grade metamorphism between 5-10.5 kbars and 550-880°C, indicating burial depths of 12-35 km. The quartz in these rocks contains primary and pseudosecondary CO2-rich inclusions with densities of 1.10-1.15 g/cc, providing evidence of the presence of CO2-rich fluids
Sedimentary rock texture is determined by whether the rock is clastic or non-clastic. Clastic rocks are composed of pieces of other rocks or minerals transported by weathering and erosion processes, while non-clastic rocks form by precipitation in water. Texture refers to the grain size, shape, sorting, and spatial arrangement of grains in the rock. Grain size analysis involves measuring particle diameters using different techniques depending on size, from direct measurement to sieving to hydrometers. Results are analyzed statistically to determine parameters like mean and standardization that provide information about the depositional environment. Roundness and shape of clastic grains also influence texture and are measured using various visual comparison methods.
Metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rock types that have been altered by heat, pressure, and chemical processes usually while buried deep underground. There are two basic types - foliated rocks that have a banded or layered appearance due to heat and pressure, and non-foliated rocks that do not have distinct layers. Some common metamorphic rocks include gneiss, slate, schist, quartzite, and marble.
Petrogenetic grids and P-T-t Path by VishnuBarupaljai narayan vyas university...VISHNU BARUPAL
This document discusses petrogenetic grids and P-T-t paths in metamorphic rocks. A petrogenetic grid is a network of univariant curves in P-T space that represent mineral reactions that occur in rocks of similar composition over a range of pressure and temperature conditions. The P-T-t path traces the changes in pressure, temperature, and time that a metamorphic rock experiences, such as increasing pressure from tectonic deformation or intrusion and decreasing pressure from erosion or deformation.
There are three main types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic. Sedimentary rocks form from the compression of sediments and include limestone and sandstone. Igneous rocks form from cooled lava or magma, either on the surface as extrusive rocks like basalt or below the surface as intrusive rocks like granite. Metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks that undergo changes due to heat, pressure, or chemical reactions, examples being marble and slate.
This document contains notes from geology classes on rocks and metamorphic rocks. It includes quizzes on igneous and sedimentary rocks with answers. For metamorphic rocks, it discusses how they are formed through heat, pressure, and chemical reactions. It provides examples of metamorphic rocks like marble, slate, and gneiss. It also covers the differences between foliated and non-foliated metamorphic rocks and explains contact and regional metamorphism.
This document discusses bitumen/filler interactions and the stiffening effect of mineral fillers in bituminous mixtures. It presents the current understanding that the stiffening effect is primarily due to the volume fraction of filler particles, as described by Einstein's equation for hard spheres in a suspension. However, hydrated lime is shown to stiffen mixtures more than other fillers, which may be partly explained by its higher packing density but also potentially due to asphaltene adsorption on the particle surfaces. Further research is needed to fully validate these mechanisms and explain differences in stiffening behavior between filler types and temperatures.
This document summarizes a study of fluid exchange between a subducting slab and mantle wedge in the Guatemala Suture Zone. Samples of schist, jadeitite, and eclogite were analyzed to understand the chemical composition of the mantle wedge and subducting slab. Zoning in mica crystals was examined using an optical microscope, electron probe microanalysis, and laser ablation-ICPMS to provide a chemical history of fluid events. Zoning was observed in mica from the schist and jadeitite samples but not the eclogite, suggesting the eclogite experienced fewer fluid events. Analyzing mica zoning provides insight into the chemical exchange between subducting slabs and mantle wedges.
Fluid inclusions in metamorphic rocks provide information about fluids present during metamorphism. Fluid inclusions form when small portions of fluid get trapped in mineral crystals during their growth. Studies of fluid inclusions in South Indian granulites show they commonly contain CO2-rich fluids. Massive/banded charnockites from this region experienced high-grade metamorphism between 5-10.5 kbars and 550-880°C, indicating burial depths of 12-35 km. The quartz in these rocks contains primary and pseudosecondary CO2-rich inclusions with densities of 1.10-1.15 g/cc, providing evidence of the presence of CO2-rich fluids
Sedimentary rock texture is determined by whether the rock is clastic or non-clastic. Clastic rocks are composed of pieces of other rocks or minerals transported by weathering and erosion processes, while non-clastic rocks form by precipitation in water. Texture refers to the grain size, shape, sorting, and spatial arrangement of grains in the rock. Grain size analysis involves measuring particle diameters using different techniques depending on size, from direct measurement to sieving to hydrometers. Results are analyzed statistically to determine parameters like mean and standardization that provide information about the depositional environment. Roundness and shape of clastic grains also influence texture and are measured using various visual comparison methods.
Metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rock types that have been altered by heat, pressure, and chemical processes usually while buried deep underground. There are two basic types - foliated rocks that have a banded or layered appearance due to heat and pressure, and non-foliated rocks that do not have distinct layers. Some common metamorphic rocks include gneiss, slate, schist, quartzite, and marble.
Petrogenetic grids and P-T-t Path by VishnuBarupaljai narayan vyas university...VISHNU BARUPAL
This document discusses petrogenetic grids and P-T-t paths in metamorphic rocks. A petrogenetic grid is a network of univariant curves in P-T space that represent mineral reactions that occur in rocks of similar composition over a range of pressure and temperature conditions. The P-T-t path traces the changes in pressure, temperature, and time that a metamorphic rock experiences, such as increasing pressure from tectonic deformation or intrusion and decreasing pressure from erosion or deformation.
There are three main types of rocks: sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic. Sedimentary rocks form from the compression of sediments and include limestone and sandstone. Igneous rocks form from cooled lava or magma, either on the surface as extrusive rocks like basalt or below the surface as intrusive rocks like granite. Metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks that undergo changes due to heat, pressure, or chemical reactions, examples being marble and slate.
This document contains notes from geology classes on rocks and metamorphic rocks. It includes quizzes on igneous and sedimentary rocks with answers. For metamorphic rocks, it discusses how they are formed through heat, pressure, and chemical reactions. It provides examples of metamorphic rocks like marble, slate, and gneiss. It also covers the differences between foliated and non-foliated metamorphic rocks and explains contact and regional metamorphism.
This document discusses bitumen/filler interactions and the stiffening effect of mineral fillers in bituminous mixtures. It presents the current understanding that the stiffening effect is primarily due to the volume fraction of filler particles, as described by Einstein's equation for hard spheres in a suspension. However, hydrated lime is shown to stiffen mixtures more than other fillers, which may be partly explained by its higher packing density but also potentially due to asphaltene adsorption on the particle surfaces. Further research is needed to fully validate these mechanisms and explain differences in stiffening behavior between filler types and temperatures.
Coautor. Presenta análisis químicos del plutón Huemul que indican segregación de riolita al interior del plutón. Para artículo completo, favor contactarme.
This document describes two types of S-C mylonites:
Type I S-C mylonites involve narrow zones of intense shear strain that cut across a pre-existing mylonitic foliation. They typically occur in deformed granitoids.
Type II S-C mylonites have more widespread occurrence in quartz-mica rocks subjected to intense non-coaxial laminar flow. The C-surfaces are defined by trails of mica "fish" formed by microscopic displacement discontinuities or zones of very high shear strain. The S-surfaces are defined by oblique foliations in adjacent quartz aggregates formed by dynamic recrystallization.
The document summarizes a study investigating the morphology of zircon grains in clasts and matrix of a greenschist facies metaconglomerate from Shetland. Analysis revealed a history of alteration, partial dissolution, and new growth of zircon linked to fluid movement. Zircon textures provide evidence that alteration occurred along fractures from radiation damage and was unrelated to clast boundaries, indicating differences in permeability between lithologies. Quartzite showed stronger deformation-controlled fluid influx compared to more limited permeability in granite from a restricted response to deformation. The study uses zircon to track fluid behavior and permeability variations between lithologies in the metaconglomerate.
Lithofacies and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction new microsoft office word ...DrRalimonglaYaden
- 9 lithofacies were identified in the Tertiary rocks of Changki Valley based on lithology, sedimentary structures, geometry, fossils, and paleocurrents.
- These lithofacies indicate a change in depositional environments from a shoreline to estuarine to fluvial over time in response to tectonic activity during the Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene.
- Detailed descriptions are provided of each lithofacies, including the facies codes assigned, characteristic features, percentages of total sections measured, and interpretations of depositional environments.
1) Neomorphism refers to the combined processes of inversion and recrystallization in carbonate rocks. Inversion is when one mineral changes to a polymorph like aragonite to calcite. Recrystallization changes the size or shape of crystals with little chemical change.
2) Two major carbonate cement types are calcite and aragonite. Calcite cement forms in phreatic and meteoric zones by dissolution of unstable aragonite. Aragonite forms fibrous cements in hypersaline or shallow marine conditions. Calcite spar crystals fill pores and fractures.
3) Sedimentary structures like convolute bedding and massive bedding in sediments can indicate past earthquakes. Convolute
This document discusses key concepts in seismic stratigraphy used for interpreting subsurface geological features. It explains that seismic stratigraphy analyzes stratigraphic changes based on interpreting changes in seismic reflection waveforms rather than just travel times. Common stratigraphic features observable on seismic sections are described, such as sand lenses, reef bodies, salt domes, unconformities, and facies changes. Hydrocarbon indicators related to waveform parameters like amplitude, frequency, phase, and velocity are also outlined for detecting oil and gas reservoirs.
This document discusses petrophysical analysis techniques for evaluating low resistivity, low contrast pay zones in clastic reservoirs, with a case study from tertiary basins in Malaysia. Key points:
1) Low resistivity, low contrast pay zones are challenging to identify due to insufficient resistivity contrast between pay sands and shales. They are often caused by high clay content, which reduces resistivity.
2) Evaluating these zones requires modified shale models to account for clay effects and improved vertical resolution from tools like NMR logging. Integrating multiple well logs is also important.
3) Common depositional environments for low resistivity pay include thinly bedded sand-shale sequences in deepwater turbidite
This document discusses rock textures in ores and their significance. It defines texture as the spatial relationship between grains. Primary textures form during initial ore deposition from melts or in open spaces, while secondary textures result from processes like replacement, cooling, deformation, and annealing. Specific primary textures include euhedral crystals from melts and growth zoning in open spaces. Replacement forms pseudomorphs and exsolution creates intergrowths. Deformation causes features like twinning, kink bands, and brecciation. Together, textures provide clues about an ore's depositional history and post-depositional changes. Careful study of textures is important for understanding ore genesis and evolution.
This document provides an introduction and overview of Archean continental crust formation and evolution. It discusses the following key points:
- Over 70% of present-day continental crust formed by the end of the Archean period, though Archean crust comprises less than 5% of exposed crust today. Understanding Archean crust formation constrains early Earth geodynamics.
- There are two main models for Archean tectonics - mobile lid plate tectonics operated similarly to today, or a stagnant lid with plumes dominated early Earth. Evidence supports aspects of both models, suggesting a dual tectonic regime may have operated.
- Tonalite-trondhjem
siliciclastic and carbonate dominant shelf.pdffLankgaming
This document summarizes siliciclastic and carbonate sedimentary rocks, as well as continental shelves dominated by each. Siliciclastic rocks like mudrock and sandstone make up most sedimentary rocks. Carbonate rocks like limestone and dolostone form in shallow marine environments. Carbonates are often biogenic and not transported, unlike siliciclastics. Most continental shelves accumulate siliciclastic sediments from shorelines. Carbonate platforms can form in isolation from clastic inputs. Mixed carbonate-siliciclastic deposits occur under certain environmental conditions. Spatial and temporal mixing produce lateral and stratigraphic variability in sediments. Trace fossils do not typically differ between carbonate and siliciclastic substrates.
The document describes facies and depositional environments observed in an outcrop section of the Late Triassic Huai Hin Lat Formation in Thailand. Two main facies associations are identified: (1) A mudstone-dominated facies association comprised of interbedded mudstone and siltstone with occasional thin sandstone beds. (2) A sandstone-dominated facies association containing structureless, structured, and interbedded sandstone and siltstone facies. Total organic carbon values range from 0.02 to 0.99% weight, indicating poor to fair source rock potential. Outcrop gamma-ray logs aid in correlating lithofacies to depositional environments and identifying organic-rich intervals in the
Sediments form through the weathering and erosion of rocks, followed by transportation and deposition. There are three main types of sediments: mechanical (clastic), chemical, and organic. Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments via the process of diagenesis. Sedimentology involves the study of sediment formation and depositional environments, while stratigraphy examines the temporal and spatial relationships between sedimentary strata. Key methods used in sedimentology include facies analysis, particle size and shape analysis, lithological analysis, and stratigraphic mapping and description.
The document discusses criteria for determining if a geological feature was formed by a meteorite or comet impact. Key criteria include the presence of shatter cones, planar deformation features in minerals, high pressure polymorphs in minerals, and impact melt sheets and breccias. Morphology is also a criterion but can be complicated by erosion and other geological processes on Earth.
Class glt 10 mudstone [compatibility mode]Atul Agnihotri
This document discusses mudstones and shales. It covers their composition, typically being over 50% fine-grained siliciclastic sediments less than 62 microns. Their microfabrics are studied using various microscopy techniques and chemical analysis methods. Clay fabrics in mudstones result from the orientation of flaky clay minerals, which can be deflocculated, edge-to-edge flocculated, or edge-to-face flocculated. Their formation involves physicochemical, bioorganic, and burial diagenesis processes. Fissility relates to their ability to split along closely spaced planes and is influenced by depositional environment. Mineralogy includes clay minerals, quartz, feldspars and others in varying amounts depending
This document provides an outline for a course on sequence stratigraphy. It covers key concepts in stratigraphy including sedimentary depositional environments, facies analysis, sequence stratigraphy principles, and causes of sea level change. Common siliciclastic and carbonate stratigraphic successions are examined. The role of base level and relative sea level changes in controlling sediment accumulation and sequence boundaries is discussed.
This document discusses stratigraphy and related geological concepts. It begins by outlining the contents of stratigraphy, including principles of sequence stratigraphy, sedimentary basins, models in sedimentary geology, and applied sedimentary geology. It then discusses key stratigraphic concepts like lithostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy, and biostratigraphy. Finally, it covers principles of correlation, criteria for stratigraphic classification, and elements of correlation like time units, rock units, and correlation methods involving lithological, biostratigraphic, and radioactive dating controls.
Geotechnical analysis of gravity flow during block cavingMbarrera Guerra
This document analyzes block caving mining operations using computer modeling. It summarizes:
1) A computer model (FLAC 3D) simulates fractured rock as a granular material using a Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion and modulus that depends on stress. Results agree with empirical observations of block caving gravity flows.
2) Modeling fractured rock as a continuum allows using static equilibrium equations, as extraction is slow. Flow initiates when failure develops, forming a discontinuity around the draw zone.
3) Numerical analysis of single and multiple draw points shows stress concentrations and ellipsoidal draw zones similar to field observations. Draw zone size depends on material friction angle.
This document defines metasomatism and describes the classification of metasomatic rocks and processes. It begins by defining metasomatism as the pervasive alteration of a rock's chemical composition through interaction with aqueous fluids, while remaining in a solid state. It describes two main types of metasomatism - diffusional and infiltrational - based on the transport mechanism. The document then presents a systematic scheme for classifying metasomatic rocks and processes based on zones, facies, and families. It provides examples of different metasomatic families and describes their relationships to temperature, pressure, and fluid chemistry conditions.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
Coautor. Presenta análisis químicos del plutón Huemul que indican segregación de riolita al interior del plutón. Para artículo completo, favor contactarme.
This document describes two types of S-C mylonites:
Type I S-C mylonites involve narrow zones of intense shear strain that cut across a pre-existing mylonitic foliation. They typically occur in deformed granitoids.
Type II S-C mylonites have more widespread occurrence in quartz-mica rocks subjected to intense non-coaxial laminar flow. The C-surfaces are defined by trails of mica "fish" formed by microscopic displacement discontinuities or zones of very high shear strain. The S-surfaces are defined by oblique foliations in adjacent quartz aggregates formed by dynamic recrystallization.
The document summarizes a study investigating the morphology of zircon grains in clasts and matrix of a greenschist facies metaconglomerate from Shetland. Analysis revealed a history of alteration, partial dissolution, and new growth of zircon linked to fluid movement. Zircon textures provide evidence that alteration occurred along fractures from radiation damage and was unrelated to clast boundaries, indicating differences in permeability between lithologies. Quartzite showed stronger deformation-controlled fluid influx compared to more limited permeability in granite from a restricted response to deformation. The study uses zircon to track fluid behavior and permeability variations between lithologies in the metaconglomerate.
Lithofacies and palaeoenvironmental reconstruction new microsoft office word ...DrRalimonglaYaden
- 9 lithofacies were identified in the Tertiary rocks of Changki Valley based on lithology, sedimentary structures, geometry, fossils, and paleocurrents.
- These lithofacies indicate a change in depositional environments from a shoreline to estuarine to fluvial over time in response to tectonic activity during the Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene.
- Detailed descriptions are provided of each lithofacies, including the facies codes assigned, characteristic features, percentages of total sections measured, and interpretations of depositional environments.
1) Neomorphism refers to the combined processes of inversion and recrystallization in carbonate rocks. Inversion is when one mineral changes to a polymorph like aragonite to calcite. Recrystallization changes the size or shape of crystals with little chemical change.
2) Two major carbonate cement types are calcite and aragonite. Calcite cement forms in phreatic and meteoric zones by dissolution of unstable aragonite. Aragonite forms fibrous cements in hypersaline or shallow marine conditions. Calcite spar crystals fill pores and fractures.
3) Sedimentary structures like convolute bedding and massive bedding in sediments can indicate past earthquakes. Convolute
This document discusses key concepts in seismic stratigraphy used for interpreting subsurface geological features. It explains that seismic stratigraphy analyzes stratigraphic changes based on interpreting changes in seismic reflection waveforms rather than just travel times. Common stratigraphic features observable on seismic sections are described, such as sand lenses, reef bodies, salt domes, unconformities, and facies changes. Hydrocarbon indicators related to waveform parameters like amplitude, frequency, phase, and velocity are also outlined for detecting oil and gas reservoirs.
This document discusses petrophysical analysis techniques for evaluating low resistivity, low contrast pay zones in clastic reservoirs, with a case study from tertiary basins in Malaysia. Key points:
1) Low resistivity, low contrast pay zones are challenging to identify due to insufficient resistivity contrast between pay sands and shales. They are often caused by high clay content, which reduces resistivity.
2) Evaluating these zones requires modified shale models to account for clay effects and improved vertical resolution from tools like NMR logging. Integrating multiple well logs is also important.
3) Common depositional environments for low resistivity pay include thinly bedded sand-shale sequences in deepwater turbidite
This document discusses rock textures in ores and their significance. It defines texture as the spatial relationship between grains. Primary textures form during initial ore deposition from melts or in open spaces, while secondary textures result from processes like replacement, cooling, deformation, and annealing. Specific primary textures include euhedral crystals from melts and growth zoning in open spaces. Replacement forms pseudomorphs and exsolution creates intergrowths. Deformation causes features like twinning, kink bands, and brecciation. Together, textures provide clues about an ore's depositional history and post-depositional changes. Careful study of textures is important for understanding ore genesis and evolution.
This document provides an introduction and overview of Archean continental crust formation and evolution. It discusses the following key points:
- Over 70% of present-day continental crust formed by the end of the Archean period, though Archean crust comprises less than 5% of exposed crust today. Understanding Archean crust formation constrains early Earth geodynamics.
- There are two main models for Archean tectonics - mobile lid plate tectonics operated similarly to today, or a stagnant lid with plumes dominated early Earth. Evidence supports aspects of both models, suggesting a dual tectonic regime may have operated.
- Tonalite-trondhjem
siliciclastic and carbonate dominant shelf.pdffLankgaming
This document summarizes siliciclastic and carbonate sedimentary rocks, as well as continental shelves dominated by each. Siliciclastic rocks like mudrock and sandstone make up most sedimentary rocks. Carbonate rocks like limestone and dolostone form in shallow marine environments. Carbonates are often biogenic and not transported, unlike siliciclastics. Most continental shelves accumulate siliciclastic sediments from shorelines. Carbonate platforms can form in isolation from clastic inputs. Mixed carbonate-siliciclastic deposits occur under certain environmental conditions. Spatial and temporal mixing produce lateral and stratigraphic variability in sediments. Trace fossils do not typically differ between carbonate and siliciclastic substrates.
The document describes facies and depositional environments observed in an outcrop section of the Late Triassic Huai Hin Lat Formation in Thailand. Two main facies associations are identified: (1) A mudstone-dominated facies association comprised of interbedded mudstone and siltstone with occasional thin sandstone beds. (2) A sandstone-dominated facies association containing structureless, structured, and interbedded sandstone and siltstone facies. Total organic carbon values range from 0.02 to 0.99% weight, indicating poor to fair source rock potential. Outcrop gamma-ray logs aid in correlating lithofacies to depositional environments and identifying organic-rich intervals in the
Sediments form through the weathering and erosion of rocks, followed by transportation and deposition. There are three main types of sediments: mechanical (clastic), chemical, and organic. Sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments via the process of diagenesis. Sedimentology involves the study of sediment formation and depositional environments, while stratigraphy examines the temporal and spatial relationships between sedimentary strata. Key methods used in sedimentology include facies analysis, particle size and shape analysis, lithological analysis, and stratigraphic mapping and description.
The document discusses criteria for determining if a geological feature was formed by a meteorite or comet impact. Key criteria include the presence of shatter cones, planar deformation features in minerals, high pressure polymorphs in minerals, and impact melt sheets and breccias. Morphology is also a criterion but can be complicated by erosion and other geological processes on Earth.
Class glt 10 mudstone [compatibility mode]Atul Agnihotri
This document discusses mudstones and shales. It covers their composition, typically being over 50% fine-grained siliciclastic sediments less than 62 microns. Their microfabrics are studied using various microscopy techniques and chemical analysis methods. Clay fabrics in mudstones result from the orientation of flaky clay minerals, which can be deflocculated, edge-to-edge flocculated, or edge-to-face flocculated. Their formation involves physicochemical, bioorganic, and burial diagenesis processes. Fissility relates to their ability to split along closely spaced planes and is influenced by depositional environment. Mineralogy includes clay minerals, quartz, feldspars and others in varying amounts depending
This document provides an outline for a course on sequence stratigraphy. It covers key concepts in stratigraphy including sedimentary depositional environments, facies analysis, sequence stratigraphy principles, and causes of sea level change. Common siliciclastic and carbonate stratigraphic successions are examined. The role of base level and relative sea level changes in controlling sediment accumulation and sequence boundaries is discussed.
This document discusses stratigraphy and related geological concepts. It begins by outlining the contents of stratigraphy, including principles of sequence stratigraphy, sedimentary basins, models in sedimentary geology, and applied sedimentary geology. It then discusses key stratigraphic concepts like lithostratigraphy, chronostratigraphy, and biostratigraphy. Finally, it covers principles of correlation, criteria for stratigraphic classification, and elements of correlation like time units, rock units, and correlation methods involving lithological, biostratigraphic, and radioactive dating controls.
Geotechnical analysis of gravity flow during block cavingMbarrera Guerra
This document analyzes block caving mining operations using computer modeling. It summarizes:
1) A computer model (FLAC 3D) simulates fractured rock as a granular material using a Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion and modulus that depends on stress. Results agree with empirical observations of block caving gravity flows.
2) Modeling fractured rock as a continuum allows using static equilibrium equations, as extraction is slow. Flow initiates when failure develops, forming a discontinuity around the draw zone.
3) Numerical analysis of single and multiple draw points shows stress concentrations and ellipsoidal draw zones similar to field observations. Draw zone size depends on material friction angle.
This document defines metasomatism and describes the classification of metasomatic rocks and processes. It begins by defining metasomatism as the pervasive alteration of a rock's chemical composition through interaction with aqueous fluids, while remaining in a solid state. It describes two main types of metasomatism - diffusional and infiltrational - based on the transport mechanism. The document then presents a systematic scheme for classifying metasomatic rocks and processes based on zones, facies, and families. It provides examples of different metasomatic families and describes their relationships to temperature, pressure, and fluid chemistry conditions.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selectionCarl Bergstrom
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
hematic appreciation test is a psychological assessment tool used to measure an individual's appreciation and understanding of specific themes or topics. This test helps to evaluate an individual's ability to connect different ideas and concepts within a given theme, as well as their overall comprehension and interpretation skills. The results of the test can provide valuable insights into an individual's cognitive abilities, creativity, and critical thinking skills
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.