History class9 CBSE

2. Introduction
• What is Nazism?
• Who is Hitler?
• Why we are studying
this all?

3. Germany and whole issue

4. First world war
Second world war
Threat to world peace and crime against
humanity
Problems: 1. Weimar republic
2. Political conflicts
3. Economic depression
Hitler rise to power
Rise of Nazism and issue related to it
HOW WHY WHAT

5. Main Contestants of 2nd WW
• Allies – The Allied Powers were initially led by
the UK and France. In 1941 they were joined
by the USSR and USA. They fought against the
Axis Powers.
• Axis – The Axis Powers namely Germany, Italy
and Japan.

6. Story of Helmuth
• Helmuth’s father has been Nazi and a
supporter of Adolf Hitler
• He saw his father shot himself and was afraid
of being poison to him by his mother.
• His father killed himself because of a fear
called Allies power.

7. Hitler and Nazi Party
• Germany was the reason
for conflict led by Adolf
Hitler and his National
Socialist German
Workers’ Party or the
Nazi Party.
• Adolf Hitler was the
leader of Germany from
1933 to 1945. During his
government, Germany
was called as Nazi
Germany.

8. Germany has genocidal war under the shadow of
second world war
1. Murder of innocent civilian of Europe
2. Killed 6million-Jews
3. 200,000 – Gypsies
4. 1 million – Polish civilians
5. 70,000 – Germans ( undesirable peoples)

11. Nazi killed people by gasing them in
different killing centres

12. Main Causes of Hitler in Germany
• Treaty of Versailles
• Economic crises
• Political turmoil
• Germany had no faith in democracy
• Failure of Weimar Republic
• Hitler’s personality

13. Glimpse of first world war 1914-1918
• Germany fought war with Allies (England,
France and Russia.
• Germany occupied France and Belgium.
• U.S. entry in 1917 and defeat Germany .

14. Rise of the Weimer Republic
• After the defeat of the First World War:
 King Kaiser William II fled to Holland to save
his life.
Taking this opportunity, the Parliamentary
parties met at Weimer
established a Republic on November 1918
popularly known as Weimer Republic.

15. Treaty of Versailles
A peace treaty made between Allies and Axis
Power.
 Germany was force to accept certain terms
which hurt the pride of the German people.

16. Effect of Treaty on Germany
• Treaty was harsh and humiliating.
• Germany lost its overseas colonies,
• A tenth of its populations
• 13% territories, 75% iron, 26% coal to France,
Poland, Denmark and Luthunia.
• 6 billion dollar: to pay compensation as war
guilt.

17. Downfall of Weimer Republic
• Europe became debtor from creditors.
• Weimar Republic made to pay for the sin of old
empire.
• Burden of war and national humiliation was there
• Supporters of Weimer like Socialist, Catholic and
Democrats easily targeted and attacked
• They were mockingly called ‘November Killers’
• Democracy was indeed a young and fragile idea,
which could not be survive.

18. Political Radicalism and Economic Crises
• The socialist, democrats and catholics formed
democratic republic
• Spartacist with the help of war veteran organisations
called Free Crop later on became Communist Party of
Germany.
• The economic crises made Germany to refused to
pay war reparation. So, France occupied Ruhr a
leading industrial area.
• America introduced the Dawes i.e the term sof
reparation were reworked to ease the financial
burden.

19. The years of Depression
• Loan from U.S.A. : for industrial recovery
• In 1929, The Wall Street exchange crashed
• The U.S. economy were fell all over the world
• Germany economy was worse hit
• By 1932, industrial production became 40% to what it
was in 1929
• Unemployment touched to 6 million.
• Increased in number of criminal
• People lost confidence in democratic parliamentary
system.

20. Fragile ( damage ) Republic
• The crisis in the economy, polity and society formed
the background to Hitler’s rise to power.
According to Article 48:
President has got some right such as
1. He has power to impose emergency,
2. Suspend civil rights and rule by decree
3. The average lifespan of a cabinet was just 239 days

21. Hitler’s Rise to Power
• Born in 1889 in Austria
• Spent his youth in poverty
• 1st WW: enrolled for the army and act as
messenger
• Earned medals for bravery
• Defeat in the first world war horrified him.
• Treaty of Versailles made him furious.

22. Hitler and Nazi Party
• In 1919, he joined a small group called
German Workers’ Party
• Later renamed as Nationalist Socialist German
Workers’ Party came to be known as Nazi
Party

23. • In 1923, Planned to seize control of Bavaria
and capture power but was arrested, tried for
treason and later release.
• In 1929, banks collapse, businesses shut down
and workers lost jobs during the time Nazi
gave hopes for better future

24. Hitler’s Nazi and German Parliament
election
• In 1928, Nazi got 2.6
percent vote
• In 1932, largest party
with 37 percent vote
• He marched Rally in
Nuremberg

25. His Promises
• Hitler was a powerful speaker.
• His promises are:
1. Built a strong nation , undo Treaty of Vesailles
and restore the dignity of German people.
2. Weed out foreign influences and resist all
foreign ‘conspiracies’ against Germany.

26. His new style of politics
• His politics included rituals and spectacle in
mass mobilization
• Hold meeting to support for Hitler and bring
sense of unity among the people
• Part of spectacle power: The Red banner with
Swastika, Nazi salute and ritual rounds of
applause after the speeches.
• Nazi skillfully projected Hitler as a massiah.

27. The Destruction of Democracy
• On 30 January 1933, president Hidenburg
offered the Chancellorship ( highest post pf
cabinet of ministers)to Hitler
• Dismental the structure of democratic rule
• A mysterious fire broke out in German
Parliament building
• The Fire Decree of 28 feb: snatched right of
freedom like speech,press,assembly

28. • Communist were sent to newly concentration
camp’
• 3 March 1933: the famous Enabling Act was
pased. Act established Hitler dictatorship in
• Germany
• Special surveillance and security force to
control the society through the way Nazi
wanted.

29. Reconstruction
• Economist Hjalmar Schacht was given
resposibility of economic recovery.
• He aimed at full production and full
employment through a state funded.
• Hitler believes that best way to help economic
crises is to expand ones teritorire.
• Hitler ignored the Schacht advice of not to
invest hugely in rearmament.
• Took Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia.

30. ECONOMIST HAJLMAR SCHACHT

31. • In 1933, pulled out of League of Nations.
• In 1936, Occupied the Rhineland
• In 1938,Integrated Austria and Germany.
• went to Sudentenland from Czechoslovakia
• For all this England gave unspoken support to
Hitler
• In 1939, Germany invaded Poland which let to
the start of war with France and England.

32. Tripartite Pact- 1940
• Agreement between Germany, Japan and Italy.
• Agreement signed to strengthen Hitler’s
power in international.