This document provides an overview of bank investment and lending functions. It discusses how banks apply their funds through statutory liquidity ratio investments, non-SLR investments, and lending. Lending includes various types of loans like cash credit, overdrafts, and bill discounting. It also discusses non-fund based lending through bank guarantees and letters of credit. Asset-based lending is described as using collateral like projects, receivables, or securities to secure loans.
The document provides an overview of loans and advances provided by commercial banks. It discusses key concepts like meaning of loans and advances, types of loans including term loans, demand loans, cash credits and overdrafts. It also describes the utility of loans and advances for businesses, difference between borrowing rate and lending rate for banks, and procedures for granting different types of loans and advances. The document is an introductory chapter that lays the foundation for understanding various aspects of loans and advances.
This document discusses working capital financing by banks and its regulation in India. It defines working capital and explains that banks are a major source of financing working capital needs through facilities like cash credit, overdrafts, and loans. The Reserve Bank of India issues guidelines to banks on working capital lending to strengthen procedures and norms. Recent RBI guidelines have abolished maximum permissible bank finance limits, removed requirements for consortium arrangements over Rs. 50 crores, and relaxed norms for exporters. Banks generally take security like hypothecation, pledge, mortgage or charge when providing working capital financing.
Loans and Advances
Principles of Good lending
Creditworthiness of borrowers
Securing advances
Lien
Pledge
Mortgage
Hypothecation
Documents of title to goods
Life Insurance Policy
Fixed Deposit Receipts
Mutual Funds
Government Securities
Gold Loans
Sources of finance for business are equity, debt, debentures, retained earnings, term loans, working capital loans, letter of credit, euro issue, venture funding etc. These sources of funds are used in different situations. They are classified based on time period, ownership and control, and their source of generation. It is ideal to evaluate each source of capital before opting for it.
This document defines and describes different types of loans. It begins by explaining that a loan is a debt with terms like principal amount, interest rate, and repayment date specified in a note. There are two main types of loans - secured loans, where an asset is pledged as collateral, and unsecured loans without collateral. Specific loan types are then outlined, including mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, personal loans, demand loans, subsidized loans, and concessional loans. The document also discusses target markets, loan payments, potential abuses, and asset-based lending.
This document lists long term funding sources including debentures and term loans. It provides details on 10 individuals who have been provided debentures. It then provides an in depth explanation of debentures including their purpose, features, types, redemption options, advantages and disadvantages. Term loans are also discussed including their key features, specialized institutions that provide them, procedures for application, and advantages and disadvantages.
Short term finance refers to additional money a business requires for periods under one year. Common sources of short term finance include bank overdrafts, which allow businesses to draw more money than in their accounts up to a limit; trade credit, where suppliers allow purchases to be paid for over time; factoring, where accounts receivable are sold to firms who pay upfront and collect payments; credit cards for employees' business expenses; leasing equipment instead of purchasing; and bank loans repaid in installments over short terms.
This document provides an overview of bank investment and lending functions. It discusses how banks apply their funds through statutory liquidity ratio investments, non-SLR investments, and lending. Lending includes various types of loans like cash credit, overdrafts, and bill discounting. It also discusses non-fund based lending through bank guarantees and letters of credit. Asset-based lending is described as using collateral like projects, receivables, or securities to secure loans.
The document provides an overview of loans and advances provided by commercial banks. It discusses key concepts like meaning of loans and advances, types of loans including term loans, demand loans, cash credits and overdrafts. It also describes the utility of loans and advances for businesses, difference between borrowing rate and lending rate for banks, and procedures for granting different types of loans and advances. The document is an introductory chapter that lays the foundation for understanding various aspects of loans and advances.
This document discusses working capital financing by banks and its regulation in India. It defines working capital and explains that banks are a major source of financing working capital needs through facilities like cash credit, overdrafts, and loans. The Reserve Bank of India issues guidelines to banks on working capital lending to strengthen procedures and norms. Recent RBI guidelines have abolished maximum permissible bank finance limits, removed requirements for consortium arrangements over Rs. 50 crores, and relaxed norms for exporters. Banks generally take security like hypothecation, pledge, mortgage or charge when providing working capital financing.
Loans and Advances
Principles of Good lending
Creditworthiness of borrowers
Securing advances
Lien
Pledge
Mortgage
Hypothecation
Documents of title to goods
Life Insurance Policy
Fixed Deposit Receipts
Mutual Funds
Government Securities
Gold Loans
Sources of finance for business are equity, debt, debentures, retained earnings, term loans, working capital loans, letter of credit, euro issue, venture funding etc. These sources of funds are used in different situations. They are classified based on time period, ownership and control, and their source of generation. It is ideal to evaluate each source of capital before opting for it.
This document defines and describes different types of loans. It begins by explaining that a loan is a debt with terms like principal amount, interest rate, and repayment date specified in a note. There are two main types of loans - secured loans, where an asset is pledged as collateral, and unsecured loans without collateral. Specific loan types are then outlined, including mortgages, auto loans, credit cards, personal loans, demand loans, subsidized loans, and concessional loans. The document also discusses target markets, loan payments, potential abuses, and asset-based lending.
This document lists long term funding sources including debentures and term loans. It provides details on 10 individuals who have been provided debentures. It then provides an in depth explanation of debentures including their purpose, features, types, redemption options, advantages and disadvantages. Term loans are also discussed including their key features, specialized institutions that provide them, procedures for application, and advantages and disadvantages.
Short term finance refers to additional money a business requires for periods under one year. Common sources of short term finance include bank overdrafts, which allow businesses to draw more money than in their accounts up to a limit; trade credit, where suppliers allow purchases to be paid for over time; factoring, where accounts receivable are sold to firms who pay upfront and collect payments; credit cards for employees' business expenses; leasing equipment instead of purchasing; and bank loans repaid in installments over short terms.
This document discusses various options for working capital financing. It defines working capital as reflecting a company's liquidity and being used to meet day-to-day expenses. Common sources of working capital financing discussed are bank loans, trade receivables financing, non-bank financial institutions, informal lending, trade credit, commercial paper, and bank credit facilities. Each option is described in terms of eligibility, interest rates, documentation requirements, and other key factors.
This document defines important terms related to loans and discusses various types of loans. It explains that corporate loans are given to companies rather than individuals or governments. Bank loans have fixed interest rates and repayment terms. Loan repayment refers to paying back the principal amount borrowed plus interest. A loan account tracks loan transactions like interest, repayments, and fees. Term loans are mainly used to finance fixed assets and have fixed interest rates. The document also discusses advantages and disadvantages of term loans and compares features of term loans from different banks.
The debentures meaning in Latin word “debere” means to take a loan or borrow money. Debentures refer to long-term borrowings. The company which are issuing the debentures will make the interest payments on the debt before paying the share dividends to the shareholders. Debentures are similar to unsecured loans where at the time of default, the investor does not have rights in the assets of the company.
Impact of awareness on the choice of Short term Financing Rishi Dodeja
This document discusses various types of short-term financing options for businesses, including cash credits, trade credits, overdrafts, letters of credit, bills of exchange, and short-term loans. Short-term financing provides quick liquidity and funds to fulfill working capital needs and bridge financial gaps. Some short-term financing options like cash credits and overdrafts provide revolving lines of credit, while others like bills of exchange and short-term loans are one-time loans that must be repaid within one year.
This document discusses sources of financing for non-government organizations. It outlines both short-term and long-term financing options including personal investment, friends and family, venture capital, business incubators, loans, bonds, and issuing stocks. Short-term options include accounts payable, lines of credit, commercial paper, and letters of credit. Long-term options include loans, secured and unsecured bonds, convertible bonds, and preferred and common stocks. Proper financing is important as it can increase firm value, utilize funds effectively, maximize returns, minimize costs, provide liquidity and flexibility, and maintain shareholder control.
The document discusses various sources of finance available to companies, including short term, medium term, and long term sources. It also discusses the role of key financial institutions in India, such as the Reserve Bank of India, commercial banks, IDBI, IFCI, and ICICI. These institutions provide loans, underwriting, refinancing, and other services to support industry.
Moksha Financial Services Company ProfileRitika Chopra
This document provides an overview of Moksha Financial Services Pvt Ltd, a leading financial solutions provider in India. It summarizes their services which include corporate lending, retail lending, private equity, trade finance, SME lending, and more. It describes some of their key products like corporate funding through cash credit, letter of credit, bank guarantees. It also discusses their expertise in areas like debt facilitation through unsecured loans, loans against property, commercial property purchase, and promoter funding through pledge of shares and placement of shares. The document presents Moksha as a full service financial consultancy offering customized business solutions to meet clients' changing needs.
This document provides information about a group presentation on loans and project appraisal given by six students to their professor. It defines what a loan is, discusses different types of loans including term loans, secured and unsecured loans, and home loans. It also outlines the features of term loans, types of restrictive covenants lenders place on borrowers, and how collateral like liens or mortgages can be used to secure loans.
The document discusses various types of term loans including long-term loans, intermediate term loans, and short-term loans. Long-term loans mature between 1-7 years and are used for major business expenses. Intermediate term loans mature in less than 5 years and are used to purchase equipment and vehicles. Short-term loans mature within 1 year and provide quick access to funds but have higher interest rates.
- The document discusses sources of short-term finance for businesses. It identifies key sources as trade credit, bank loans/overdrafts, customers' advances, installment plans, and cooperative bank loans.
- Trade credit involves suppliers providing goods on 30-90 day payment terms. Bank financing includes loans, cash credits, overdrafts and bill discounting. Customers' advances and installment plans provide pre-payments from customers. Cooperative banks also offer short-term business loans.
- Short-term financing has benefits like low cost, flexibility and meeting long-term needs but has drawbacks like fixed interest costs, placing charges on assets, and difficulty raising funds during downturns.
Banking operations involve accounts and loans. There are several types of accounts including savings accounts, current accounts, and overdraft accounts. Savings accounts earn interest and are meant for promoting savings. Current accounts are used by businesses for regular transactions and withdrawals. Overdraft accounts allow borrowing even when the account has no funds. Loans provide borrowers principal from lenders to repay later with interest. Common types of loans are personal loans, home loans, mortgage loans, educational loans, and vehicle loans which finance purchases of cars.
This document discusses different types of lending in the Indian financial system. It outlines secured and unsecured lending, as well as open-ended and closed-ended loans. Specific loan types covered include term loans, personal loans, home loans, vehicle loans, gold loans, policy loans, education loans, payday loans, business loans, and loans against property. The 4C's of loan decisions are also defined as character, capital, collateral, and capacity to repay.
This document summarizes various sources of finance for businesses. It discusses traditional sources like internal financing through retained earnings and debentures, and external financing through shares, debentures, public deposits, and bank loans. It also differentiates between long-term financing for fixed assets and short-term working capital financing. Modern sources of finance for startups and companies include angel investment, venture capital, and private equity funding.
Cash credit is a short-term loan that allows businesses to withdraw funds from their account even if there are insufficient funds. It is determined based on the value of securities provided. Overdraft is a credit facility that allows individuals to continue withdrawing funds even if their account balance is zero, up to a set limit. Bank guarantees ensure that a debtor's liabilities will be paid if they default, with three parties involved: the surety (guarantor), principal debtor, and creditor/beneficiary. Common types of guarantees include advance payment, payment, credit security, rental, and performance guarantees. Cash credit and overdraft both finance working capital and allow credit withdrawals up to a limit, but cash credit is longer-term
The document discusses various short-term sources of finance for meeting working capital requirements for a period of up to one year. These include public deposits, bank credit, trade credit, discounting of bills of exchange, loans from directors, advances from customers, money lenders, and government assistance. It provides details on each of these sources such as what they are, how they work, their advantages and disadvantages.
This document provides information about term loans. It defines term loans as monetary loans that are repaid in regular installments over a set period of time. It discusses the purposes of term loans including capital expenditure, new industrial undertakings, and acquisition of assets. It also outlines the procedures for term loans including application submission and processing, project appraisal, sanction letter, loan agreement execution, and disbursement. Different types of term loans like short, intermediate, and long term are described. Key features of term loans like interest payment schedules, security requirements, and covenants are summarized. Finally, an example repayment schedule for a term loan is shown.
Intermediate term financing refers to loans between 1 to 10 years. It is provided by private banks, finance companies, and insurance companies. Term loans must be repaid in regular installments over a set period of time and have various repayment structures like straight repayment, balloon payment, or deferred principal payment. Borrowers are subject to covenants restricting dividends, debt levels, and asset sales during the loan term.
This document provides an overview of loans and advances offered by commercial banks. It defines loans as amounts borrowed that are intended to be repaid over time, while advances are short-term credit facilities repaid within one year. Loans and advances help meet both short-term working capital needs as well as long-term needs through products like cash credits, overdrafts, and term loans. Banks also lend money by discounting bills of exchange. To ensure repayment, banks typically require security in the form of tangible assets pledged by the borrower.
This document discusses various sources of finance for businesses, including equity shares, preference shares, debentures, bank loans, venture capital, loans from financial institutions, bridge financing, and international funds. It categorizes the sources as long-term versus short-term and ownership versus borrowed capital. For each source, it provides a brief explanation of what it is and how it can provide capital to businesses.
This document discusses various options for working capital financing. It defines working capital as reflecting a company's liquidity and being used to meet day-to-day expenses. Common sources of working capital financing discussed are bank loans, trade receivables financing, non-bank financial institutions, informal lending, trade credit, commercial paper, and bank credit facilities. Each option is described in terms of eligibility, interest rates, documentation requirements, and other key factors.
This document defines important terms related to loans and discusses various types of loans. It explains that corporate loans are given to companies rather than individuals or governments. Bank loans have fixed interest rates and repayment terms. Loan repayment refers to paying back the principal amount borrowed plus interest. A loan account tracks loan transactions like interest, repayments, and fees. Term loans are mainly used to finance fixed assets and have fixed interest rates. The document also discusses advantages and disadvantages of term loans and compares features of term loans from different banks.
The debentures meaning in Latin word “debere” means to take a loan or borrow money. Debentures refer to long-term borrowings. The company which are issuing the debentures will make the interest payments on the debt before paying the share dividends to the shareholders. Debentures are similar to unsecured loans where at the time of default, the investor does not have rights in the assets of the company.
Impact of awareness on the choice of Short term Financing Rishi Dodeja
This document discusses various types of short-term financing options for businesses, including cash credits, trade credits, overdrafts, letters of credit, bills of exchange, and short-term loans. Short-term financing provides quick liquidity and funds to fulfill working capital needs and bridge financial gaps. Some short-term financing options like cash credits and overdrafts provide revolving lines of credit, while others like bills of exchange and short-term loans are one-time loans that must be repaid within one year.
This document discusses sources of financing for non-government organizations. It outlines both short-term and long-term financing options including personal investment, friends and family, venture capital, business incubators, loans, bonds, and issuing stocks. Short-term options include accounts payable, lines of credit, commercial paper, and letters of credit. Long-term options include loans, secured and unsecured bonds, convertible bonds, and preferred and common stocks. Proper financing is important as it can increase firm value, utilize funds effectively, maximize returns, minimize costs, provide liquidity and flexibility, and maintain shareholder control.
The document discusses various sources of finance available to companies, including short term, medium term, and long term sources. It also discusses the role of key financial institutions in India, such as the Reserve Bank of India, commercial banks, IDBI, IFCI, and ICICI. These institutions provide loans, underwriting, refinancing, and other services to support industry.
Moksha Financial Services Company ProfileRitika Chopra
This document provides an overview of Moksha Financial Services Pvt Ltd, a leading financial solutions provider in India. It summarizes their services which include corporate lending, retail lending, private equity, trade finance, SME lending, and more. It describes some of their key products like corporate funding through cash credit, letter of credit, bank guarantees. It also discusses their expertise in areas like debt facilitation through unsecured loans, loans against property, commercial property purchase, and promoter funding through pledge of shares and placement of shares. The document presents Moksha as a full service financial consultancy offering customized business solutions to meet clients' changing needs.
This document provides information about a group presentation on loans and project appraisal given by six students to their professor. It defines what a loan is, discusses different types of loans including term loans, secured and unsecured loans, and home loans. It also outlines the features of term loans, types of restrictive covenants lenders place on borrowers, and how collateral like liens or mortgages can be used to secure loans.
The document discusses various types of term loans including long-term loans, intermediate term loans, and short-term loans. Long-term loans mature between 1-7 years and are used for major business expenses. Intermediate term loans mature in less than 5 years and are used to purchase equipment and vehicles. Short-term loans mature within 1 year and provide quick access to funds but have higher interest rates.
- The document discusses sources of short-term finance for businesses. It identifies key sources as trade credit, bank loans/overdrafts, customers' advances, installment plans, and cooperative bank loans.
- Trade credit involves suppliers providing goods on 30-90 day payment terms. Bank financing includes loans, cash credits, overdrafts and bill discounting. Customers' advances and installment plans provide pre-payments from customers. Cooperative banks also offer short-term business loans.
- Short-term financing has benefits like low cost, flexibility and meeting long-term needs but has drawbacks like fixed interest costs, placing charges on assets, and difficulty raising funds during downturns.
Banking operations involve accounts and loans. There are several types of accounts including savings accounts, current accounts, and overdraft accounts. Savings accounts earn interest and are meant for promoting savings. Current accounts are used by businesses for regular transactions and withdrawals. Overdraft accounts allow borrowing even when the account has no funds. Loans provide borrowers principal from lenders to repay later with interest. Common types of loans are personal loans, home loans, mortgage loans, educational loans, and vehicle loans which finance purchases of cars.
This document discusses different types of lending in the Indian financial system. It outlines secured and unsecured lending, as well as open-ended and closed-ended loans. Specific loan types covered include term loans, personal loans, home loans, vehicle loans, gold loans, policy loans, education loans, payday loans, business loans, and loans against property. The 4C's of loan decisions are also defined as character, capital, collateral, and capacity to repay.
This document summarizes various sources of finance for businesses. It discusses traditional sources like internal financing through retained earnings and debentures, and external financing through shares, debentures, public deposits, and bank loans. It also differentiates between long-term financing for fixed assets and short-term working capital financing. Modern sources of finance for startups and companies include angel investment, venture capital, and private equity funding.
Cash credit is a short-term loan that allows businesses to withdraw funds from their account even if there are insufficient funds. It is determined based on the value of securities provided. Overdraft is a credit facility that allows individuals to continue withdrawing funds even if their account balance is zero, up to a set limit. Bank guarantees ensure that a debtor's liabilities will be paid if they default, with three parties involved: the surety (guarantor), principal debtor, and creditor/beneficiary. Common types of guarantees include advance payment, payment, credit security, rental, and performance guarantees. Cash credit and overdraft both finance working capital and allow credit withdrawals up to a limit, but cash credit is longer-term
The document discusses various short-term sources of finance for meeting working capital requirements for a period of up to one year. These include public deposits, bank credit, trade credit, discounting of bills of exchange, loans from directors, advances from customers, money lenders, and government assistance. It provides details on each of these sources such as what they are, how they work, their advantages and disadvantages.
This document provides information about term loans. It defines term loans as monetary loans that are repaid in regular installments over a set period of time. It discusses the purposes of term loans including capital expenditure, new industrial undertakings, and acquisition of assets. It also outlines the procedures for term loans including application submission and processing, project appraisal, sanction letter, loan agreement execution, and disbursement. Different types of term loans like short, intermediate, and long term are described. Key features of term loans like interest payment schedules, security requirements, and covenants are summarized. Finally, an example repayment schedule for a term loan is shown.
Intermediate term financing refers to loans between 1 to 10 years. It is provided by private banks, finance companies, and insurance companies. Term loans must be repaid in regular installments over a set period of time and have various repayment structures like straight repayment, balloon payment, or deferred principal payment. Borrowers are subject to covenants restricting dividends, debt levels, and asset sales during the loan term.
This document provides an overview of loans and advances offered by commercial banks. It defines loans as amounts borrowed that are intended to be repaid over time, while advances are short-term credit facilities repaid within one year. Loans and advances help meet both short-term working capital needs as well as long-term needs through products like cash credits, overdrafts, and term loans. Banks also lend money by discounting bills of exchange. To ensure repayment, banks typically require security in the form of tangible assets pledged by the borrower.
This document discusses various sources of finance for businesses, including equity shares, preference shares, debentures, bank loans, venture capital, loans from financial institutions, bridge financing, and international funds. It categorizes the sources as long-term versus short-term and ownership versus borrowed capital. For each source, it provides a brief explanation of what it is and how it can provide capital to businesses.
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2. LOAN MEANING
A loan is a type of credit vehicle in which a
sum of money is lent to another party in
exchange for future repayment of the value
or principal amount. In many cases, the
lender also adds interest or finance
charges to the principal value, which the
borrower must repay in addition to the
principal balance . Loans may be for a
specific, one-time amount, or they may be
available as an open-ended line of credit
up to a specified limit. Loans come in many
different forms including secured,
unsecured, commercial, and personal
3. ADVANCES
In banking, advances refer to the
funds provided by the banks to
the businesses to fulfill working
capital requirements which are to
be payable within one
year . Advances are a type of
credit facility that should be
repaid within one year as per the
terms, conditions, and norms
issued by the Reserve Bank of
India for lending and also by the
schemes of the concerned bank .
4. LOANS VS ADVANCES
Basis for
Comparison
Loans Advances
Meaning
Funds borrowed by an entity from another entity,
repayable after a specific period carrying interest
rate.
Funds provided by the bank to entities for
fulfilling their short-term requirements.
Term Long-term Short-term
Legal formalities More Less
Security May or may not be secured
Primary security, collateral security, and
guarantees
Repayment Fixed repayment schedule Flexible repayment terms
Interest rates Higher Lower
Presentation title 4