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Newcastle Disease is a viral disease of poultry that can be classified in several ways: 1. By virulence, with strains ranging from lentogenic (low virulence, used for vaccines), to mesogenic (intermediate virulence), to velogenic (highly pathogenic and virulent). 2. By tissue tropism, with strains being neurotropic (prefer nervous system), viscerotropic (prefer visceral organs), or pneumotropic (prefer respiratory organs). 3. The virus is transmitted horizontally between flocks through infected poultry products or vectors, and within flocks through aerosol, food, water, or fomites. Vertical transmission from parent to offspring has
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Nd part 2
- 1. Newcastle Disease Part-2 A Viral Disease of Poultry By Dr.Wahaj Ahmed DVM(M), R.V.M.P UVAS (Lahore,Main Campus) E-Mail: wahaj3362@gmail.com
- 2. Viral Classification • Classification can be done on various Basis: • First, we will see on the basis of Virulence or Pathotypes; • 1 : Lentogenic • This strain is used in vaccine formation • Avirulent to mildly Virulent(the severity or harmfulness of a disease or poison.) strain. • Examples include: • LaSota • B-1 • F • Ulster
- 3. Classification • But the immunity provided by Lentogenic is of short duration and weak. • So it does need frequent revaccinations. • 2- strain is Mesogenic, which is intermediate virulent. • Examples include: • Mukteswar • Clone 30 • It provides stronger and long term immunity
- 4. classification • 3-Strain is Velogenic: • This is the challenge strain and highly Pathogenic and Highly Virulent as well. • Examples include: • Milano • Herts • Texas GB
- 5. On the basis of tissue tropism (predilection sites) • Neurotropic • Strain which prefers to live in Neural or nervous system Organs. • Viscerotropic • Strain which prefers Visceral organs • Pneumotropic • Strain which Prefers respiratory Organs.
- 6. Transmission • Sick Birds Secrete Virus Through • Body Secretions • Genital Secretions • Feces • Nasal and ocular secretions.
- 7. Horizontal • Between Flocks: • Poultry Products • Mechanical Vectors • Wild Birds • Contamination of Vaccines • With-in a Flock: • Aerosol • Feed and Water • Clothing and Foot wear
- 8. Vertical • Not Reported yet • As our best knowledge : • Only Horizontal Transmission is possible
- 9. FACTORS IN ESTABLISHING SEVERITY OF DISEASE • Virus Strain Route of entry Dose • Host Species Age Immune status • Co-infection with other organisms • Stress
- 10. For Next, Visit ND Part-3 on linked in