MariaDB and MySQL are both popular open-source relational database management systems (RDBMS) that are used to store, organize, and manage data. They are both based on the same core software, which was originally developed by MySQL AB, but MariaDB is a fork of MySQL that was created in 2009 due to concerns about the acquisition of MySQL by Oracle Corporation.
MariaDB and MySQL have many similarities, including their architecture, syntax, and functionality. Both databases use SQL (Structured Query Language) to manage data and support a wide range of programming languages. They also offer features such as replication, clustering, and partitioning to improve performance and scalability.
However, there are also some differences between MariaDB and MySQL. MariaDB has some additional features and improvements over MySQL, such as better performance, improved security, and more storage engines. MariaDB also supports more data types than MySQL and has more built-in functions.
Overall, both MariaDB and MySQL are powerful and reliable RDBMS options for managing data, and the choice between them may depend on specific needs and preferences.
** Edureka Certification Training: https://www.edureka.co **
This Edureka "VMware Tutorial for Beginners” video will give you a thorough and insightful overview of Virtualization and help you understand other related terms that revolve around VMware and Virtualization. Following are the offering of this video:
1. What is VMware?
2. What is Virtualization?
3. Types Of Virtualization
4. What Is Hypervisor?
5. Hypervisor Types
6. Demo- Creating a VM using VMware Workstation Player
Hypervisors and Virtualization - VMware, Hyper-V, XenServer, and KVMvwchu
With co-presenter Maninder Singh, delivered a presentation about hypervisors and virtualization technology for an independent topic study project for the Operating System Design (EECS 4221) course at York University, Canada in October 2014.
Virtualization, briefly, is the separation of resources or requests for a service from the underlying physical delivery of that service. It is a concept in which access to a single underlying piece of hardware is coordinated so that multiple guest operating systems can share a single piece of hardware, with no guest operating system being aware that it is actually sharing anything at all.
Virtualization with KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine)Novell
As a technical preview, SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 contains KVM, which is the next-generation virtualization software delivered with the Linux kernel. In this technical session we will demonstrate how to set up SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 for KVM, install some virtual machines and deal with different storage and networking setups.
To demonstrate live migration we will also show a distributed replicated block device (DRBD) setup and a setup based on iSCSI and OCFS2, which are included in SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 and SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 High Availability Extension.
This document discusses repetitive system administration tasks and proposes Ansible as a solution. It describes how Ansible works using agentless SSH to automate tasks like software installation, configuration, and maintenance across multiple servers. Key aspects covered include Ansible's inventory, modules, playbooks, templates, variables, roles and Docker integration. Ansible Tower is also introduced as a GUI tool for running Ansible jobs. The document recommends Ansible for anyone doing the same tasks across multiple servers to gain efficiencies over manual processes.
vSphere with Tanzu Tech Overview 7.0 U1 (1).pptxhokismen
This document provides an overview of vSphere with Tanzu. It discusses how vSphere with Tanzu allows developers to use familiar Kubernetes tools while empowering administrators to maintain governance. The architecture leverages vSphere and open source technologies to provide networking and storage services for modern applications. Developers can use Kubernetes APIs to deploy applications, while administrators define policies using namespaces to isolate resources and ensure security, availability, and quality of service.
** Edureka Certification Training: https://www.edureka.co **
This Edureka "VMware Tutorial for Beginners” video will give you a thorough and insightful overview of Virtualization and help you understand other related terms that revolve around VMware and Virtualization. Following are the offering of this video:
1. What is VMware?
2. What is Virtualization?
3. Types Of Virtualization
4. What Is Hypervisor?
5. Hypervisor Types
6. Demo- Creating a VM using VMware Workstation Player
Hypervisors and Virtualization - VMware, Hyper-V, XenServer, and KVMvwchu
With co-presenter Maninder Singh, delivered a presentation about hypervisors and virtualization technology for an independent topic study project for the Operating System Design (EECS 4221) course at York University, Canada in October 2014.
Virtualization, briefly, is the separation of resources or requests for a service from the underlying physical delivery of that service. It is a concept in which access to a single underlying piece of hardware is coordinated so that multiple guest operating systems can share a single piece of hardware, with no guest operating system being aware that it is actually sharing anything at all.
Virtualization with KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine)Novell
As a technical preview, SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 contains KVM, which is the next-generation virtualization software delivered with the Linux kernel. In this technical session we will demonstrate how to set up SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 for KVM, install some virtual machines and deal with different storage and networking setups.
To demonstrate live migration we will also show a distributed replicated block device (DRBD) setup and a setup based on iSCSI and OCFS2, which are included in SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11 and SUSE Linux Enterprise 11 High Availability Extension.
This document discusses repetitive system administration tasks and proposes Ansible as a solution. It describes how Ansible works using agentless SSH to automate tasks like software installation, configuration, and maintenance across multiple servers. Key aspects covered include Ansible's inventory, modules, playbooks, templates, variables, roles and Docker integration. Ansible Tower is also introduced as a GUI tool for running Ansible jobs. The document recommends Ansible for anyone doing the same tasks across multiple servers to gain efficiencies over manual processes.
vSphere with Tanzu Tech Overview 7.0 U1 (1).pptxhokismen
This document provides an overview of vSphere with Tanzu. It discusses how vSphere with Tanzu allows developers to use familiar Kubernetes tools while empowering administrators to maintain governance. The architecture leverages vSphere and open source technologies to provide networking and storage services for modern applications. Developers can use Kubernetes APIs to deploy applications, while administrators define policies using namespaces to isolate resources and ensure security, availability, and quality of service.
A virtual machine (VM) uses software to run programs and deploy apps instead of using physical computer hardware. Multiple VMs can run on a single physical host machine. Each VM runs its own operating system separately from other VMs. VMs provide benefits like cost savings, agility, scalability, and security by isolating applications. However, VMs can also result in slower performance compared to physical machines. A hypervisor manages interactions between the physical hardware and VMs, enabling virtualization. There are two main types of hypervisors - type 1 runs directly on the hardware while type 2 runs within a host operating system.
DevOps is a methodology capturing the practices adopted from the very start by the web giants who had a unique opportunity as well as a strong requirement to invent new ways of working due to the very nature of their business: the need to evolve their systems at an unprecedented pace as well as extend them and their business sometimes on a daily basis.
While DevOps makes obviously a critical sense for startups, I believe that the big corporations with large and old-fashioned IT departments are actually the ones that can benefit the most from adopting these principles and practices.
Apache CloudStack Architecture by Alex Huangbuildacloud
This document describes the architecture of Apache CloudStack. It discusses the key components like hosts, primary storage, clusters, pods, zones, and management servers. It explains the two types of storage - primary and secondary. It also covers the deployment architecture showing how different components are arranged and connected. Finally, it discusses concepts like separating data and control planes, orchestration engine, plugins, and the goals of designing for complexity, scalability, and failure tolerance.
In this session jointly organized by Biqmind & Cloud Native Singapore, I discuss how to use Velero for data migration and disaster recovery, the challenges and approaches. I also do a demo of CAPE, a cloud-native tool by Biqmind that extends the capabilities of Velero for Kubernetes multi-cluster application and data management.
OpenStack Designate is a DNS as a Service (DNSaaS) solution that is part of the OpenStack cloud computing platform. It provides a scalable, reliable, and highly available DNS infrastructure for cloud-based applications and services.
Designate enables users to manage their domain names and DNS records through a RESTful API or a web-based dashboard. It supports various record types, including A, AAAA, CNAME, MX, NS, PTR, SRV, and TXT. Users can also create and manage zones, which are collections of DNS records that define a domain name's authoritative name servers.
Designate integrates with other OpenStack services such as Keystone, Nova, Neutron, and Horizon. It also supports integration with external DNS providers, allowing users to easily switch between providers or use multiple providers for redundancy.
Designate is designed to be highly scalable and fault-tolerant. It uses a distributed architecture that allows it to handle millions of DNS queries per second and ensures high availability even in the event of node failures.
Overall, OpenStack Designate provides a flexible and powerful DNSaaS solution that simplifies the management of domain names and DNS records in cloud-based environments.
Virtualization - Kernel Virtual Machine (KVM)Wan Leung Wong
KVM is a virtualization solution that leverages hardware virtualization extensions like Intel VT or AMD-V for full virtualization. It uses kernel modules, QEMU, and libvirt to manage virtual machines. KVM is widely used in Linux distributions and offers benefits like isolation, emulation, and easy migration. It allows hosting multiple virtual machines with their images stored on a shared LVM storage that is connected via iSCSI. Management tools like virsh and virt-manager can be used to control the virtual machines from the command line or GUI.
Ansible Tutorial For Beginners | What Is Ansible And How It Works? | Ansible ...Simplilearn
This document discusses the configuration management tool Ansible. It describes what Ansible is, how it works, and its benefits. Ansible is an IT automation tool that can configure, deploy, and manage infrastructure and applications across multiple systems. It is agentless, using SSH to run automation tasks called playbooks on remote machines defined in an inventory file. Playbooks configure nodes idempotently and generate reports. Ansible simplifies system administration tasks and allows for flexible, efficient infrastructure management at scale.
This document discusses virtualization, containers, and hyperconvergence. It provides an overview of virtualization and its benefits including hardware abstraction and multi-tenancy. However, virtualization also has challenges like significant overhead and repetitive configuration tasks. Containers provide similar benefits with less overhead by abstracting at the operating system level. The document then discusses how hyperconvergence combines compute, storage, and networking to simplify deployment and operations. It notes that many hyperconverged solutions still face virtualization challenges. The presentation argues that combining containers and hyperconvergence can provide both the benefits of containers' efficiency and hyperconvergence's scale. Stratoscale is presented as a solution that provides containers as a service with multi-tenancy, SLA-driven performance
The document provides an overview of virtual networking concepts in VMware vSphere, including:
- Types of virtual switch connections like virtual machine port groups and VMkernel ports
- Standard switches and distributed switches
- VLAN configurations and tagging
- Network adapter and switch port policies for security, traffic shaping, and failover
- Troubleshooting tools like ESXCLI, TCPDUMP and networking commands
Docker Compose allows developers to define and run multi-container Docker applications. It allows users to define services in a docker-compose.yml file that specifies images, networking, volumes, environment variables, and depends_on relationships between containers. Docker Compose then automates the creation and management of the containers by using a single command like docker-compose up. This makes it easier to develop, ship and run multi-container applications.
This document provides an introduction to Docker and discusses how it helps address challenges in the modern IT landscape. Some key points:
- Applications are increasingly being broken up into microservices and deployed across multiple servers and environments, making portability and scalability important.
- Docker containers help address these issues by allowing applications to run reliably across different infrastructures through package dependencies and resources together. This improves portability.
- Docker provides a platform for building, shipping and running applications. It helps bridge the needs of developers who want fast innovation and operations teams who need security and control.
The document discusses Docker architecture and workflow. It outlines the key components of Docker including the Docker client, host, objects like images and containers, and Docker registry. It also contrasts traditional application deployment with using Docker, noting Docker allows for portable deployment of applications and their dependencies through use of containers.
This document summarizes the key features and benefits of Ansible, an agentless automation tool. It notes that Ansible is simple to use with a human-readable YAML language that does not require coding skills. It is powerful yet efficient for deployment, orchestration, and provisioning. It has basic features like modules for managing files, templates, packages, and retrieving file states. Ansible also has wide OS support, integrates with major clouds, works with other configuration tools, and has an easy learning curve and extensible plugin architecture. It helps lower maintenance costs and allows more reliable, faster deployments with automated recovery and failover.
Windows and Linux are two of the most popular operating systems. Windows was first introduced by Microsoft in 1985 and came to dominate the personal computer market. Linux was originally written in 1991 by Linus Torvalds and is an example of free and open source software collaboration. While Windows has maintained a large majority market share for personal desktop use, Linux has sustained its status as the prominent free software operating system. The two operating systems now compete in various markets beyond personal computers such as servers and mobile devices.
Topic #3 of outline Server Environment.pptxAyeCS11
The document provides information about server environments including Microsoft Windows Server and Linux Server. It defines what a server is, why servers are used, examples of different types of servers, and how servers are connected to other computers on a network. It describes key differences between Windows Server and regular Windows operating systems, and highlights some common roles and management software included in Windows Server but not regular Windows. It also provides an overview of Linux servers, their benefits, and some popular Linux server flavors suited for different use cases.
- vSphere is VMware's virtualization platform consisting of ESXi hypervisor software and vCenter Server management platform.
- ESXi abstracts physical server resources like CPUs, memory, storage and networking and shares them among virtual machines (VMs).
- VMs can use resources from ESXi hosts without being dependent on specific physical hardware, and are isolated from each other on the same host.
- vSphere allows organizations to reduce IT costs through more efficient use of server resources and easier management of VMs compared to physical machines.
Linux is an open-source operating system that can be used as an alternative to proprietary operating systems like Windows. The document provides an overview of Linux, including its history beginning as a free Unix-like kernel developed by Linus Torvalds. It discusses the GNU project and how Linux combined with GNU software to form a complete free operating system. Additionally, it covers topics like Debian Linux, package management, GUI and CLI interfaces, and basic Linux commands.
A virtual machine (VM) uses software to run programs and deploy apps instead of using physical computer hardware. Multiple VMs can run on a single physical host machine. Each VM runs its own operating system separately from other VMs. VMs provide benefits like cost savings, agility, scalability, and security by isolating applications. However, VMs can also result in slower performance compared to physical machines. A hypervisor manages interactions between the physical hardware and VMs, enabling virtualization. There are two main types of hypervisors - type 1 runs directly on the hardware while type 2 runs within a host operating system.
DevOps is a methodology capturing the practices adopted from the very start by the web giants who had a unique opportunity as well as a strong requirement to invent new ways of working due to the very nature of their business: the need to evolve their systems at an unprecedented pace as well as extend them and their business sometimes on a daily basis.
While DevOps makes obviously a critical sense for startups, I believe that the big corporations with large and old-fashioned IT departments are actually the ones that can benefit the most from adopting these principles and practices.
Apache CloudStack Architecture by Alex Huangbuildacloud
This document describes the architecture of Apache CloudStack. It discusses the key components like hosts, primary storage, clusters, pods, zones, and management servers. It explains the two types of storage - primary and secondary. It also covers the deployment architecture showing how different components are arranged and connected. Finally, it discusses concepts like separating data and control planes, orchestration engine, plugins, and the goals of designing for complexity, scalability, and failure tolerance.
In this session jointly organized by Biqmind & Cloud Native Singapore, I discuss how to use Velero for data migration and disaster recovery, the challenges and approaches. I also do a demo of CAPE, a cloud-native tool by Biqmind that extends the capabilities of Velero for Kubernetes multi-cluster application and data management.
OpenStack Designate is a DNS as a Service (DNSaaS) solution that is part of the OpenStack cloud computing platform. It provides a scalable, reliable, and highly available DNS infrastructure for cloud-based applications and services.
Designate enables users to manage their domain names and DNS records through a RESTful API or a web-based dashboard. It supports various record types, including A, AAAA, CNAME, MX, NS, PTR, SRV, and TXT. Users can also create and manage zones, which are collections of DNS records that define a domain name's authoritative name servers.
Designate integrates with other OpenStack services such as Keystone, Nova, Neutron, and Horizon. It also supports integration with external DNS providers, allowing users to easily switch between providers or use multiple providers for redundancy.
Designate is designed to be highly scalable and fault-tolerant. It uses a distributed architecture that allows it to handle millions of DNS queries per second and ensures high availability even in the event of node failures.
Overall, OpenStack Designate provides a flexible and powerful DNSaaS solution that simplifies the management of domain names and DNS records in cloud-based environments.
Virtualization - Kernel Virtual Machine (KVM)Wan Leung Wong
KVM is a virtualization solution that leverages hardware virtualization extensions like Intel VT or AMD-V for full virtualization. It uses kernel modules, QEMU, and libvirt to manage virtual machines. KVM is widely used in Linux distributions and offers benefits like isolation, emulation, and easy migration. It allows hosting multiple virtual machines with their images stored on a shared LVM storage that is connected via iSCSI. Management tools like virsh and virt-manager can be used to control the virtual machines from the command line or GUI.
Ansible Tutorial For Beginners | What Is Ansible And How It Works? | Ansible ...Simplilearn
This document discusses the configuration management tool Ansible. It describes what Ansible is, how it works, and its benefits. Ansible is an IT automation tool that can configure, deploy, and manage infrastructure and applications across multiple systems. It is agentless, using SSH to run automation tasks called playbooks on remote machines defined in an inventory file. Playbooks configure nodes idempotently and generate reports. Ansible simplifies system administration tasks and allows for flexible, efficient infrastructure management at scale.
This document discusses virtualization, containers, and hyperconvergence. It provides an overview of virtualization and its benefits including hardware abstraction and multi-tenancy. However, virtualization also has challenges like significant overhead and repetitive configuration tasks. Containers provide similar benefits with less overhead by abstracting at the operating system level. The document then discusses how hyperconvergence combines compute, storage, and networking to simplify deployment and operations. It notes that many hyperconverged solutions still face virtualization challenges. The presentation argues that combining containers and hyperconvergence can provide both the benefits of containers' efficiency and hyperconvergence's scale. Stratoscale is presented as a solution that provides containers as a service with multi-tenancy, SLA-driven performance
The document provides an overview of virtual networking concepts in VMware vSphere, including:
- Types of virtual switch connections like virtual machine port groups and VMkernel ports
- Standard switches and distributed switches
- VLAN configurations and tagging
- Network adapter and switch port policies for security, traffic shaping, and failover
- Troubleshooting tools like ESXCLI, TCPDUMP and networking commands
Docker Compose allows developers to define and run multi-container Docker applications. It allows users to define services in a docker-compose.yml file that specifies images, networking, volumes, environment variables, and depends_on relationships between containers. Docker Compose then automates the creation and management of the containers by using a single command like docker-compose up. This makes it easier to develop, ship and run multi-container applications.
This document provides an introduction to Docker and discusses how it helps address challenges in the modern IT landscape. Some key points:
- Applications are increasingly being broken up into microservices and deployed across multiple servers and environments, making portability and scalability important.
- Docker containers help address these issues by allowing applications to run reliably across different infrastructures through package dependencies and resources together. This improves portability.
- Docker provides a platform for building, shipping and running applications. It helps bridge the needs of developers who want fast innovation and operations teams who need security and control.
The document discusses Docker architecture and workflow. It outlines the key components of Docker including the Docker client, host, objects like images and containers, and Docker registry. It also contrasts traditional application deployment with using Docker, noting Docker allows for portable deployment of applications and their dependencies through use of containers.
This document summarizes the key features and benefits of Ansible, an agentless automation tool. It notes that Ansible is simple to use with a human-readable YAML language that does not require coding skills. It is powerful yet efficient for deployment, orchestration, and provisioning. It has basic features like modules for managing files, templates, packages, and retrieving file states. Ansible also has wide OS support, integrates with major clouds, works with other configuration tools, and has an easy learning curve and extensible plugin architecture. It helps lower maintenance costs and allows more reliable, faster deployments with automated recovery and failover.
Windows and Linux are two of the most popular operating systems. Windows was first introduced by Microsoft in 1985 and came to dominate the personal computer market. Linux was originally written in 1991 by Linus Torvalds and is an example of free and open source software collaboration. While Windows has maintained a large majority market share for personal desktop use, Linux has sustained its status as the prominent free software operating system. The two operating systems now compete in various markets beyond personal computers such as servers and mobile devices.
Topic #3 of outline Server Environment.pptxAyeCS11
The document provides information about server environments including Microsoft Windows Server and Linux Server. It defines what a server is, why servers are used, examples of different types of servers, and how servers are connected to other computers on a network. It describes key differences between Windows Server and regular Windows operating systems, and highlights some common roles and management software included in Windows Server but not regular Windows. It also provides an overview of Linux servers, their benefits, and some popular Linux server flavors suited for different use cases.
- vSphere is VMware's virtualization platform consisting of ESXi hypervisor software and vCenter Server management platform.
- ESXi abstracts physical server resources like CPUs, memory, storage and networking and shares them among virtual machines (VMs).
- VMs can use resources from ESXi hosts without being dependent on specific physical hardware, and are isolated from each other on the same host.
- vSphere allows organizations to reduce IT costs through more efficient use of server resources and easier management of VMs compared to physical machines.
Linux is an open-source operating system that can be used as an alternative to proprietary operating systems like Windows. The document provides an overview of Linux, including its history beginning as a free Unix-like kernel developed by Linus Torvalds. It discusses the GNU project and how Linux combined with GNU software to form a complete free operating system. Additionally, it covers topics like Debian Linux, package management, GUI and CLI interfaces, and basic Linux commands.
NBD (Network Block Device) and nbdkit are related technologies in the realm of virtualization and storage. They allow you to work with remote block devices and create flexible storage solutions. Here's an overview of each:
1. NBD (Network Block Device):
NBD is a protocol that allows you to access remote block devices over a network, as if they were local block devices. It provides a way to export disk images or block devices from a server to clients, enabling remote access and manipulation of these devices.
Key features of NBD include:
Block-Level Access: NBD operates at the block level, allowing you to read from and write to specific blocks on a remote device.
Flexibility: It's used in various scenarios such as diskless booting, live migration of virtual machines, and remote disk access for storage solutions.
Network Transport: NBD operates over the network and typically uses TCP/IP as the underlying transport.
Read-Only and Read-Write Modes: You can access remote devices in both read-only and read-write modes.
2. nbdkit:
nbdkit is a pluggable NBD server, providing a flexible and extensible way to serve remote block devices. It acts as an NBD server that can be extended using various plugins, allowing you to create custom storage solutions tailored to your needs.
CacheFS is a filesystem caching technology developed for UNIX-like operating systems .It is designed to cache the contents of a remote filesystem onto the local disk to improve performance by reducing the number of network requests needed to access frequently used files. CacheFS works by intercepting requests to access remote files and serving them from the local disk cache, rather than accessing them over the network every time they are needed.
CacheFS is used primarily in situations where network bandwidth is limited or where the latency of remote access is high, such as in WAN or satellite link scenarios. It is often used to speed up access to file servers, such as Network File System (NFS) servers.
some of its features have been incorporated into other caching technologies, such as the Squid web proxy cache.
In Linux, a process is an instance of a running computer program. It's the basic unit of execution where a program is executed. Every process in Linux is assigned a unique Process ID (PID) which is used to identify the process.
Processes in Linux can be either in the foreground or background. Foreground processes are those that interact with the user, while background processes run without user intervention.
Linux processes inherit attributes and resource limits from their parent processes, and new processes can be created using the fork() system call. Child processes can further replace their memory space with a new program using the exec() system call.
Processes can be managed using various commands like ps (to display information about processes), top (to show currently running processes), kill (to terminate processes), and many others.
Linux provides a robust set of process management features, allowing for efficient multitasking and resource utilization. The Linux scheduler handles process scheduling, ensuring that CPU time is allocated effectively among running processes.
Overall, processes in Linux form the backbone of the operating system, enabling it to manage various tasks and run multiple programs concurrently.
Rados Gateway (radosgw) is an object storage gateway that provides RESTful (Representational State Transfer) API interface to access Ceph Storage Cluster. It allows applications to store and retrieve objects in the cluster using popular S3 and Swift APIs, making it compatible with a wide range of existing applications and libraries. Radosgw also supports multi-site replication, lifecycle management, cross-origin resource sharing (CORS), and other advanced features that make it a versatile solution for building distributed object storage systems. Radosgw is a part of the Ceph distributed storage system and can be deployed as a standalone service or as part of a Ceph Storage Cluster.
API Gateway, Load Balancing, and Reverse Proxy are essential components in the architecture of modern web applications, each serving distinct roles. Here's a detailed comparison:
API Gateway
Function:
Acts as an entry point for clients to access microservices.
Manages, secures, and routes API requests to the appropriate backend services.
Key Features:
Request Routing: Directs requests to appropriate microservices.
Rate Limiting: Controls the rate at which clients can access APIs.
Authentication and Authorization: Ensures only authorized users can access certain APIs.
Caching: Stores responses to improve performance.
API Composition: Aggregates multiple microservice calls into a single API endpoint.
Use Case:
Suitable for microservices architectures where you need to manage multiple APIs, secure them, and provide a single point of entry for clients.
Ceph: A Powerful, Scalable, and Flexible Storage SolutionYashar Esmaildokht
## Ceph: A Powerful, Scalable, and Flexible Storage Solution
Ceph is an open-source, distributed storage platform that offers a range of features, including object storage, block storage, and file systems. It provides a highly scalable, reliable, and flexible solution for managing your data.
Ceph's Key Components:
* RADOS (Reliable Autonomic Distributed Object Storage): Ceph's core storage component. It provides object storage capabilities and forms the basis for other services.
* RBD (RADOS Block Device): Ceph's block storage service. Allows you to create and manage block devices that can be attached to virtual machines or containers.
* CephFS (Ceph File System): Ceph's distributed file system. Offers scalable and reliable shared file system access for applications and users.
Ceph Backfill:
Backfill is a process used to repopulate data onto newly added OSDs (Object Storage Devices) in a Ceph cluster. Here's how it works:
1. Data Imbalance: When new OSDs are added, the cluster may have an imbalance in data distribution. Some OSDs might have more data than others.
2. Backfill Process: Ceph identifies the underutilized OSDs and starts copying data from overloaded OSDs to these new OSDs.
3. Data Balancing: The backfill process aims to achieve an even distribution of data across all OSDs in the cluster.
Ceph Scrub:
Scrubbing is a data integrity check that Ceph performs to detect and repair errors in stored data. Here's the process:
1. Data Verification: Ceph compares the data stored on different OSDs that hold replicas of the same object.
2. Error Detection: Any discrepancies between the data replicas are flagged as errors.
3. Data Repair: Ceph attempts to repair the errors by copying the correct data from another OSD.
Ceph Erasure Coding (EC):
Erasure coding is a technique used to increase data resilience and reduce storage overhead in a Ceph cluster.
* Data Chunking: Data is divided into smaller chunks, and a parity chunk is generated.
* Data Distribution: These chunks and parity chunks are distributed across multiple OSDs in the cluster.
* Data Recovery: Even if some OSDs fail, the lost data can be recovered from the remaining chunks and parity chunks.
Benefits of EC:
* Increased Data Resilience: Can tolerate more OSD failures without losing data.
* Reduced Storage Overhead: Reduces the total storage capacity required for storing data replicas.
* Improved Performance: Can enhance performance by spreading the data load across more OSDs.
Understanding Ceph, backfill, scrub, and EC is crucial for efficient operation and maintenance of a Ceph cluster. These mechanisms ensure data integrity, availability, and scalability, making Ceph a robust and powerful solution for storage management.
Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is a novel approach to network management that separates the control plane and data plane in network devices, allowing for centralized planning and control of networks. In traditional networks, routing decisions and network settings are made on individual switches and routers. In SDN, however, these decisions are made through a centralized software controller.
One key aspect of SDN is its high programmability. This means that network administrators can dynamically adjust network settings and controls using programming interfaces (APIs). This programmability enhances network flexibility and adaptability to changing needs.
SDN enables increased network efficiency, cost savings, and improved reliability and security through centralized management and software-based planning. This new approach to network architecture provides organizations with solutions and opportunities to enhance network performance and management. It is considered a leading-edge solution in information technology, offering greater capabilities for network improvement and management.
Service registry and service discovery are two important concepts in the field of distributed systems and microservices architecture.
Service registry is a centralized database that contains information about available services in a distributed system. Each service instance registers itself with the service registry upon startup, providing metadata such as its network location, endpoint, and health status. This allows other services to discover and communicate with each other without hardcoding IP addresses or endpoints.
Service discovery is the process of dynamically locating and connecting to services in a distributed system. Instead of relying on static configurations or hardcoded endpoints, services use a service discovery mechanism to query the service registry and retrieve the necessary information to establish connections with other services. This allows for more flexible and resilient communication between services, as instances can be added or removed from the system without affecting the overall functionality.
Service registry and service discovery are essential components of modern microservices architectures, enabling services to be loosely coupled, scalable, and easily deployable. Popular tools for implementing service registry and service discovery include Consul, etcd, Zookeeper, and Kubernetes.
در این کتاب چه میخوانیم :
• ضرورت استفاده از Siem و بخش soc , noc
• بررسی عنوان IDS و IPS ها
• معماری ossec
• معماری wazuh
• نصب ossec
• نحوه مهاجرت از ossec به Wazuh
• نصب آفلاین wazuh
• ویژگیهای wazuh و امکانات آن
2. whoami : yashar esmaildokht
I am Gnu/Linux Sys/net/sec engineer|
Administrator & Oracle Dba |devops
my tel : 09141100257
my resume (fa) :goo.gl/oUQopW
Linkedin: goo.gl/Ljb9SF
website :
http://unixmen.ir
http://oraclegeek.ir
my nick name : royaflash