The document provides an overview of gerunds, which are verb forms that function as nouns. It defines gerunds and gives examples of how they can be used as subjects, objects, or objects of prepositions. It also discusses using gerunds with possessives, in the past or passive voice, and concludes by inviting the reader to ask any questions.
The document discusses gerunds and infinitives. A gerund is a verb form ending in "-ing" that functions as a noun, such as "dancing" in the sentence "Dancing is my passion." An infinitive is a verb form with "to" before it, such as "to leave" in "To travel around the world requires a lot of time and money." Certain verbs take either gerunds or infinitives depending on their meaning, such as "stop" meaning to end an action with a gerund but allow an activity with an infinitive. The document provides examples of verbs that take gerunds or infinitives and exercises to practice using them correctly.
The document discusses body language and the verb + gerund form. It covers how eye contact, facial expressions, gestures, posture can communicate messages. It then explains different uses of the "-ing" form as a noun, adjective, or verb. The "-ing" form can be used after prepositions like "to", "before", "after", and takes the "-ing" form in those cases. It also notes some formal vs. informal uses of possessives with the "-ing" form.
Gerunds and infinitives can function as nouns, subjects, objects, or subject complements. Gerunds are formed with the base verb plus "-ing" and can be objects of prepositions. Infinitives are formed with "to" plus the base verb. Some verbs take gerunds or infinitives with no change in meaning, while others have different meanings depending on which is used. The choice of gerund or infinitive also depends on whether the action is ongoing or planned.
Gerunds and infinitives can be used in different ways in sentences. Gerunds function as nouns and can follow certain verbs like enjoy or prepositions like after. Infinitives also function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs and can follow verbs like want or adjectives like easy. Both gerunds and infinitives are verb forms - gerunds look like present participles ending in -ing while infinitives use the word "to" followed by the base verb form. Examples are provided to illustrate their different uses.
Grammar 3 gerunds and infinitives- i co-2011.charly2011
The document discusses the differences between gerunds and infinitives in English grammar. Gerunds are verb forms ending in "-ing" that can be used as nouns or after certain verbs and prepositions. Infinitives are the base verb form preceded by "to" and can be used after verbs to indicate future action or purpose. Some verbs can take either gerunds or infinitives with no change in meaning, while others require a specific form.
Grammar 3 gerunds and infinitives- i co-2011.mrzeledonb
Gerunds are verb forms ending in "-ing" that can function as nouns, verbs, or adjectives. Infinitives are the base form of verbs preceded by "to". Gerunds are used after certain verbs and prepositions, while infinitives are used after other verbs to describe future events or purposes. Some verbs can take either a gerund or infinitive with no difference in meaning, while others have different meanings depending on which form is used.
The document provides an overview of gerunds, which are verb forms that function as nouns. It defines gerunds and gives examples of how they can be used as subjects, objects, or objects of prepositions. It also discusses using gerunds with possessives, in the past or passive voice, and concludes by inviting the reader to ask any questions.
The document discusses gerunds and infinitives. A gerund is a verb form ending in "-ing" that functions as a noun, such as "dancing" in the sentence "Dancing is my passion." An infinitive is a verb form with "to" before it, such as "to leave" in "To travel around the world requires a lot of time and money." Certain verbs take either gerunds or infinitives depending on their meaning, such as "stop" meaning to end an action with a gerund but allow an activity with an infinitive. The document provides examples of verbs that take gerunds or infinitives and exercises to practice using them correctly.
The document discusses body language and the verb + gerund form. It covers how eye contact, facial expressions, gestures, posture can communicate messages. It then explains different uses of the "-ing" form as a noun, adjective, or verb. The "-ing" form can be used after prepositions like "to", "before", "after", and takes the "-ing" form in those cases. It also notes some formal vs. informal uses of possessives with the "-ing" form.
Gerunds and infinitives can function as nouns, subjects, objects, or subject complements. Gerunds are formed with the base verb plus "-ing" and can be objects of prepositions. Infinitives are formed with "to" plus the base verb. Some verbs take gerunds or infinitives with no change in meaning, while others have different meanings depending on which is used. The choice of gerund or infinitive also depends on whether the action is ongoing or planned.
Gerunds and infinitives can be used in different ways in sentences. Gerunds function as nouns and can follow certain verbs like enjoy or prepositions like after. Infinitives also function as nouns, adjectives, or adverbs and can follow verbs like want or adjectives like easy. Both gerunds and infinitives are verb forms - gerunds look like present participles ending in -ing while infinitives use the word "to" followed by the base verb form. Examples are provided to illustrate their different uses.
Grammar 3 gerunds and infinitives- i co-2011.charly2011
The document discusses the differences between gerunds and infinitives in English grammar. Gerunds are verb forms ending in "-ing" that can be used as nouns or after certain verbs and prepositions. Infinitives are the base verb form preceded by "to" and can be used after verbs to indicate future action or purpose. Some verbs can take either gerunds or infinitives with no change in meaning, while others require a specific form.
Grammar 3 gerunds and infinitives- i co-2011.mrzeledonb
Gerunds are verb forms ending in "-ing" that can function as nouns, verbs, or adjectives. Infinitives are the base form of verbs preceded by "to". Gerunds are used after certain verbs and prepositions, while infinitives are used after other verbs to describe future events or purposes. Some verbs can take either a gerund or infinitive with no difference in meaning, while others have different meanings depending on which form is used.
The document discusses the differences between gerunds, infinitives, and to-infinitives in English grammar. It provides examples of when to use each form and notes that while gerunds and infinitives may sound the same, their meanings can differ. The key uses of gerunds are as subjects or objects and after prepositions or certain verbs. Infinitives are used after modal verbs without "to" or with verbs like "let" and "make." Certain verbs like "try" can take either form but with different meanings. Understanding these rules is important to avoid confusion and use verbs correctly in sentences.
This discussion is about gerunds and the 5 different functions namely: subject, subject complement, direct object, object of the preposition, and appositive.
Gerund is a verb formed into a gerund by adding -ing at the end of the verb; hence, it is called a verbal. For example, swim + -ing becomes swimming; draw + -ing becomes drawing - these are the basic structure of gerunds. However, its function differs from that of a verb because it functions as a noun and all the other functions of a noun.
This presentation gives a comprehensive discussion and simple conceptualization of gerunds and the 5 different functions.
It is used in an ESL classroom to help learners understand the lesson.
This document provides information about a teacher named Laura Rivera who teaches Basic 9 on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays from 5:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m. at the Chorrillos branch.
This document discusses gerunds and infinitives. It explains that gerunds, which are verbs ending in "-ing", can act as subjects or objects. Certain verbs like "enjoy" and "suggest" can be followed by gerund objects. Infinitives, which use "to" plus the base verb form, can follow verbs like "begin" and "decide". Some verbs can take either a gerund or infinitive complement. Gerunds and infinitives are also used to make general statements.
This document discusses the use of expressions related to necessity in English, including "have to", "have got to", and "must". It explains that "have to" is the most common and informal, "have got to" is used in conversation, and "must" is more formal and indicates obligation. It provides examples of how to use these expressions in the past, present, and future tenses. The document also covers asking questions using "have to" and the differences between "don't have to", "must not", and "can't" when indicating something is optional versus prohibited.
Gerund and infinitive. natalia soto. esc.45NataliaSoto72
This document discusses the differences between gerunds and infinitives in English grammar. It defines a gerund as a verb form ending in "-ing" that functions as a noun, while an infinitive is the base verb form preceded by "to", such as "to run". The document provides examples of verbs that can take either gerund or infinitive complements and explains the general rules for using gerunds and infinitives as objects, subjects, or complements of sentences. It also discusses how the meaning can change depending on whether a gerund or infinitive is used after certain verbs.
The document provides learning materials for a language lesson, including:
- Greeting and introducing expressions to practice with examples
- Steps for accepting and canceling appointments, offering sympathy and condolence
- Grammar lessons on reflexive and emphasizing pronouns, simple past tense, and expressions using "used to"
- Sample dialogs modeling the target language functions
This document provides information on the present simple and present continuous tenses in English. It defines when to use each tense and gives examples. The present simple is used for permanent situations, general truths, and habitual actions. The present continuous expresses ongoing or temporary actions happening at the time of speaking. It lists common time expressions used with each tense and exceptions for state verbs which typically do not appear in the continuous form.
This document provides an overview of verbs in English. It defines a verb as an action, being, or having. Verbs are considered the heart of a sentence because a sentence must contain a verb. There are two main types of verbs: main verbs and auxiliary/helping verbs. Auxiliary verbs include forms of "to be", "to have", "to do", and modal verbs. The document discusses how to identify auxiliary verbs and distinguishes between finite and non-finite verbs. It concludes by defining the three types of non-finite verbs: infinitives, gerunds, and participles.
Gerunds and infinitives are both verb forms that can be used as subjects, objects, or complements in sentences. Gerunds are formed with "-ing" and act as nouns. Infinitives use "to" before the base verb form. Some verbs are followed by gerunds as objects, while others require infinitives. There are also cases where gerunds and infinitives can be interchangeable with little difference in meaning. Proper use depends on the specific verb and intended nuance. Both forms can take different tenses and voices.
This document provides an overview of basic English grammar concepts including:
- The present tense forms of the verb "to be" (am, is, are) and how they are used based on the subject.
- Forming affirmative, negative, and yes/no question sentences using the verb "to be".
- Demonstratives (this, that, these, those) and how they indicate proximity.
- Forming plurals of nouns, including irregular plurals.
- Possessive adjectives (my, your, his, her, etc.) and the possessive form with 's.
- Common English prepositions of place (in, on, at).
- The present continuous tense
Gerunds are verb forms ending in "-ing" that can function as nouns. They can act as subjects, objects of verbs, or objects of prepositions. As subjects, gerunds refer to actions. As objects of verbs, gerunds indicate the action that follows certain verbs like enjoy, dislike, and prefer. As objects of prepositions, gerunds describe actions related to other nouns in the sentence. In all cases, gerunds allow verbs to take on nominal roles within sentences.
The document discusses verbs and their role in sentences. It begins by stating that verbs tell what people are doing or being and can change form based on tense. Examples of simple sentences with subjects and verbs are provided. The document then distinguishes between action verbs, which express actions, and linking verbs, which connect subjects to additional information rather than expressing actions. Various verb tenses such as simple present, past, and future are defined. Helping verbs are described as verbs that help express verb tense.
The document discusses verbs and how they are fundamental for communication. There are two kinds of verbs: irregular verbs that change form in the present, past and past participle, and regular verbs that form the past and past participle by adding "ed". It encourages learning verbs used in everyday activities and offers tips like using images, gestures, repetition and making phrases to help memorization.
The document defines and provides examples of different types of verbs:
1) Regular and irregular verbs, with regular verbs forming the past tense by adding "-ed" and irregular verbs having unpredictable past forms.
2) Transitive and intransitive verbs, with transitive verbs taking an object and intransitive verbs not.
3) Action, linking, and helping verbs - with action verbs showing actions, linking verbs connecting subjects to nouns or adjectives, and helping verbs assisting the main verb.
4) Verb phrases are formed when a helping verb is joined with an action or linking verb.
This document discusses gerunds, which are verbals that end in "-ing" and function as nouns. There are three types of verbals: gerunds, participles, and infinitives. Gerunds can serve as subjects, direct objects, subject complements, and objects of prepositions. Examples are provided to illustrate gerunds functioning in each of these roles, such as "traveling" as the subject in "Traveling might satisfy your desire for new experiences." The document also discusses gerund phrases, which consist of a gerund plus modifiers, objects, or complements.
The document discusses the use of the present continuous tense in English. It explains that the present continuous is used to talk about actions happening at the time of speaking or actions that have started but not finished. It provides examples of its use and discusses its formation using verbs "to be" plus the verb with "-ing". It also covers negatives, short answers, time expressions, verbs not normally used in the continuous form, and spelling rules for adding "-ing".
This document discusses adverbs of manner, which describe how an action is performed. It provides examples of common adverbs of manner like quickly, carefully, and gently. Adverbs of manner are usually formed by adding -ly to adjectives, though some are irregular. The document explains that adverbs of manner typically follow verbs, though can sometimes precede verbs to add emphasis. It also clarifies the difference between using adjectives versus adverbs.
The document provides an overview of gerunds, which are verb forms ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. It discusses how gerunds can serve as subjects, objects, and objects of prepositions. Examples are given for each grammatical function of gerunds. Common verbs followed by gerund objects are listed, and exercises are included for students to practice identifying and forming gerunds in different contexts.
Use the past perfect progressive to talk about an action that was in progress before a specific time in the past. The progressive emphasizes the continuing activity, not the end result.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
The document discusses the differences between gerunds, infinitives, and to-infinitives in English grammar. It provides examples of when to use each form and notes that while gerunds and infinitives may sound the same, their meanings can differ. The key uses of gerunds are as subjects or objects and after prepositions or certain verbs. Infinitives are used after modal verbs without "to" or with verbs like "let" and "make." Certain verbs like "try" can take either form but with different meanings. Understanding these rules is important to avoid confusion and use verbs correctly in sentences.
This discussion is about gerunds and the 5 different functions namely: subject, subject complement, direct object, object of the preposition, and appositive.
Gerund is a verb formed into a gerund by adding -ing at the end of the verb; hence, it is called a verbal. For example, swim + -ing becomes swimming; draw + -ing becomes drawing - these are the basic structure of gerunds. However, its function differs from that of a verb because it functions as a noun and all the other functions of a noun.
This presentation gives a comprehensive discussion and simple conceptualization of gerunds and the 5 different functions.
It is used in an ESL classroom to help learners understand the lesson.
This document provides information about a teacher named Laura Rivera who teaches Basic 9 on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays from 5:00 p.m. to 7:00 p.m. at the Chorrillos branch.
This document discusses gerunds and infinitives. It explains that gerunds, which are verbs ending in "-ing", can act as subjects or objects. Certain verbs like "enjoy" and "suggest" can be followed by gerund objects. Infinitives, which use "to" plus the base verb form, can follow verbs like "begin" and "decide". Some verbs can take either a gerund or infinitive complement. Gerunds and infinitives are also used to make general statements.
This document discusses the use of expressions related to necessity in English, including "have to", "have got to", and "must". It explains that "have to" is the most common and informal, "have got to" is used in conversation, and "must" is more formal and indicates obligation. It provides examples of how to use these expressions in the past, present, and future tenses. The document also covers asking questions using "have to" and the differences between "don't have to", "must not", and "can't" when indicating something is optional versus prohibited.
Gerund and infinitive. natalia soto. esc.45NataliaSoto72
This document discusses the differences between gerunds and infinitives in English grammar. It defines a gerund as a verb form ending in "-ing" that functions as a noun, while an infinitive is the base verb form preceded by "to", such as "to run". The document provides examples of verbs that can take either gerund or infinitive complements and explains the general rules for using gerunds and infinitives as objects, subjects, or complements of sentences. It also discusses how the meaning can change depending on whether a gerund or infinitive is used after certain verbs.
The document provides learning materials for a language lesson, including:
- Greeting and introducing expressions to practice with examples
- Steps for accepting and canceling appointments, offering sympathy and condolence
- Grammar lessons on reflexive and emphasizing pronouns, simple past tense, and expressions using "used to"
- Sample dialogs modeling the target language functions
This document provides information on the present simple and present continuous tenses in English. It defines when to use each tense and gives examples. The present simple is used for permanent situations, general truths, and habitual actions. The present continuous expresses ongoing or temporary actions happening at the time of speaking. It lists common time expressions used with each tense and exceptions for state verbs which typically do not appear in the continuous form.
This document provides an overview of verbs in English. It defines a verb as an action, being, or having. Verbs are considered the heart of a sentence because a sentence must contain a verb. There are two main types of verbs: main verbs and auxiliary/helping verbs. Auxiliary verbs include forms of "to be", "to have", "to do", and modal verbs. The document discusses how to identify auxiliary verbs and distinguishes between finite and non-finite verbs. It concludes by defining the three types of non-finite verbs: infinitives, gerunds, and participles.
Gerunds and infinitives are both verb forms that can be used as subjects, objects, or complements in sentences. Gerunds are formed with "-ing" and act as nouns. Infinitives use "to" before the base verb form. Some verbs are followed by gerunds as objects, while others require infinitives. There are also cases where gerunds and infinitives can be interchangeable with little difference in meaning. Proper use depends on the specific verb and intended nuance. Both forms can take different tenses and voices.
This document provides an overview of basic English grammar concepts including:
- The present tense forms of the verb "to be" (am, is, are) and how they are used based on the subject.
- Forming affirmative, negative, and yes/no question sentences using the verb "to be".
- Demonstratives (this, that, these, those) and how they indicate proximity.
- Forming plurals of nouns, including irregular plurals.
- Possessive adjectives (my, your, his, her, etc.) and the possessive form with 's.
- Common English prepositions of place (in, on, at).
- The present continuous tense
Gerunds are verb forms ending in "-ing" that can function as nouns. They can act as subjects, objects of verbs, or objects of prepositions. As subjects, gerunds refer to actions. As objects of verbs, gerunds indicate the action that follows certain verbs like enjoy, dislike, and prefer. As objects of prepositions, gerunds describe actions related to other nouns in the sentence. In all cases, gerunds allow verbs to take on nominal roles within sentences.
The document discusses verbs and their role in sentences. It begins by stating that verbs tell what people are doing or being and can change form based on tense. Examples of simple sentences with subjects and verbs are provided. The document then distinguishes between action verbs, which express actions, and linking verbs, which connect subjects to additional information rather than expressing actions. Various verb tenses such as simple present, past, and future are defined. Helping verbs are described as verbs that help express verb tense.
The document discusses verbs and how they are fundamental for communication. There are two kinds of verbs: irregular verbs that change form in the present, past and past participle, and regular verbs that form the past and past participle by adding "ed". It encourages learning verbs used in everyday activities and offers tips like using images, gestures, repetition and making phrases to help memorization.
The document defines and provides examples of different types of verbs:
1) Regular and irregular verbs, with regular verbs forming the past tense by adding "-ed" and irregular verbs having unpredictable past forms.
2) Transitive and intransitive verbs, with transitive verbs taking an object and intransitive verbs not.
3) Action, linking, and helping verbs - with action verbs showing actions, linking verbs connecting subjects to nouns or adjectives, and helping verbs assisting the main verb.
4) Verb phrases are formed when a helping verb is joined with an action or linking verb.
This document discusses gerunds, which are verbals that end in "-ing" and function as nouns. There are three types of verbals: gerunds, participles, and infinitives. Gerunds can serve as subjects, direct objects, subject complements, and objects of prepositions. Examples are provided to illustrate gerunds functioning in each of these roles, such as "traveling" as the subject in "Traveling might satisfy your desire for new experiences." The document also discusses gerund phrases, which consist of a gerund plus modifiers, objects, or complements.
The document discusses the use of the present continuous tense in English. It explains that the present continuous is used to talk about actions happening at the time of speaking or actions that have started but not finished. It provides examples of its use and discusses its formation using verbs "to be" plus the verb with "-ing". It also covers negatives, short answers, time expressions, verbs not normally used in the continuous form, and spelling rules for adding "-ing".
This document discusses adverbs of manner, which describe how an action is performed. It provides examples of common adverbs of manner like quickly, carefully, and gently. Adverbs of manner are usually formed by adding -ly to adjectives, though some are irregular. The document explains that adverbs of manner typically follow verbs, though can sometimes precede verbs to add emphasis. It also clarifies the difference between using adjectives versus adverbs.
The document provides an overview of gerunds, which are verb forms ending in "-ing" that function as nouns. It discusses how gerunds can serve as subjects, objects, and objects of prepositions. Examples are given for each grammatical function of gerunds. Common verbs followed by gerund objects are listed, and exercises are included for students to practice identifying and forming gerunds in different contexts.
Use the past perfect progressive to talk about an action that was in progress before a specific time in the past. The progressive emphasizes the continuing activity, not the end result.
Similar a presentation on gerund and participle (1).pptx (20)
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
2. What is a
Gerund?
• A gerund is a part of a sentence which looks like a
verb but is a noun. That doesn’t sound like it makes
sense, but it does!!
• We all know that a verb is an action, right?
For e.g. I love to jog.
• But sometimes I want to talk about an action, not
do it. That’s when the role of a gerund comes in.
For e.g. Jogging is one of my favorite ways
to exercise.
I love jogging.
• I’m talking of jogging as an action. In other words,
I’m talking about jogging as a noun or a thing.
There I've used a gerund. I’ve used a word that
looks like a verb, as a noun.
3. How can we
identify a
gerund?
• A gerund is formed by adding –ing to the
base form of a verb.
• Base form: jog + ing = jogging. I love
jogging.
• Jog is the base form. Jogging is the gerund.
• The reason this is confusing is because this
looks a lot like the continuous form of a
word. So, to recognize a gerund you need
to really pay attention to how it is used in a
sentence.
4. Activity
I absolutely love singing.
But performing in public makes me nervous.
Standing in front of a stage is terrifying.
Do you recognize the gerunds?
5. When and
how do use
Gerunds?
• Just like nouns, gerunds can be used in
different situations.
• They can be used as: i) a subject
ii) an object
iii) after a preposition
iv) after another verb
6. Using
gerunds
as a
subject
We can use gerund as a subject when
you want to use a verb as the subject
of a sentence or phrase.
For e.g. Volunteering is a great way to
give back to the community.
For e.g. Eating good
food is important for
your health.
Quite easy
right?
7. Using
gerunds as
an object
THERE ARE SOME VERY
COMMON VERBS THAT
TAKE GERUNDS AS
OBJECT, SUCH AS
LOVE, LIKE, ENJOY,
PRAY, PREFER,
DISLIKE, HATE, ETC.
FOR E.G. I REALLY LIKE
COOKING, BUT MY
FIANCÉ IS A BETTER
COOK THAN ME.
SHE REALLY ENJOYS
TAKING PICTURES OF
SUNSETS.
I PREFER LISTENING
RATHER THAN
TALKING.
8. Using
gerunds
after a
preposition
• Prepositions that take verbs as gerunds include
in spite of, there’s no point in, fed up with,
can’t help, can’t stand, it’s no use, (to be)
worth, etc.
• For e.g. In spite of studying day and night, he
still managed to fail.
There’s no point in wishing, it’ll never
come true.
I’m fed up with trying to do all things by
myself.
I can’t help being so tired.
Its no use trying to convince me, I’m
not going!
Its not worth taking the risk.
9. Using
gerunds
after a verb
• Some verbs can be followed by a gerund or
the to-infinitive.
• (verb)+ gerund
• (verb)+ to-infinitive
• For e.g. I’ll never forget watching that
movie; it was truly unforgettable.
Don’t forget to take your vitamins.
10. What is a
Participle?
• Participle is simply a word
that functions as an
adjective.
Quick Review
• Verb: action word
• Adjective: descriptive word
used to describe a noun or a
thing.
• For e.g. the panda was
happy to see the rising sun.
• In this sentence, the word
rising is the participle
because: i) it is a verb ii) it’s
being used as an adjective.
• Hint:
participles
almost always
end in –ING or if
it’s talking about
something that
happened in the
past, it’ll usually
end in -ed
11. Types of
Participle
• There are two types of participles:
• i) Present Participle: Present participles end
in –ing.
For e.g. reading, washing, making,
writing, promising
• ii)Past Participle: Past participles end in –ed,
-en, -d, -t, or –n.
For e.g. happened, eaten, fixed, lost,
grown