This ppt is regarding the scheduling techniques in project management. It will be helpful for those who cannot understand the scheduling techniques, and this is a basic ppt containing a Gantt chart, CPM, and pert (program evaluation and review technique). Those who cannot understand the CPM and pert technique will help you to understand nicely. thank you
This document provides an overview of the Project Analysis and Management (MBA 731) course taught by Temesgen Kebede at Rift Valley University. The course objectives are to explain key project planning and analysis models and tools and apply them to project identification, appraisal, implementation and evaluation. The course covers topics such as the project cycle, project preparation and analysis, financial, economic and social analysis, risk analysis, and project implementation tools. The document includes chapter outlines and objectives for each topic.
The document outlines the key elements of an effective project proposal, including an introduction, importance, objectives, strategies, outcomes, activities, and reporting plan. It provides examples and considerations for each element, such as defining measurable objectives and outlining specific project activities. The overall purpose is to convince stakeholders that a proposed project is worth undertaking and will achieve its goals.
A decentralized clinical trial (DCT) is an innovative approach to conducting clinical research that leverages digital technologies and remote processes to enable greater patient participation and data collection outside of traditional clinical trial settings. In a decentralized trial, participants have the flexibility to engage in the study from their own homes or local healthcare facilities, reducing the need for frequent visits to centralized trial sites.
The key features of decentralized clinical trials include:
Remote Participant Engagement: DCTs utilize various digital tools and platforms to facilitate participant engagement. This may involve virtual visits, telemedicine consultations, electronic informed consent, and remote monitoring of participants' health status and adherence to study protocols.
Mobile and Wearable Technologies: Mobile devices and wearable sensors play a significant role in decentralized trials. They enable real-time data collection, including vital signs, patient-reported outcomes, medication adherence, and other relevant health data. These technologies enhance convenience for participants while providing continuous, objective data for researchers.
Virtual Study Operations: DCTs employ virtual tools for study management and coordination. These include electronic data capture systems, online study training, remote monitoring of data quality, and electronic trial master files. Virtual platforms facilitate seamless communication between study teams, investigators, and participants.
Local Healthcare Providers: In decentralized trials, local healthcare providers or clinical research sites often play a more substantial role in participant recruitment, enrollment, and follow-up. These providers may be responsible for conducting study visits, collecting samples, and implementing study interventions, while ensuring compliance with the trial protocol.
Data Security and Privacy: Protecting participant data and maintaining privacy are critical in decentralized trials. Robust data security measures, such as encryption, secure data transmission, and compliance with privacy regulations like GDPR or HIPAA, are implemented to safeguard participants' sensitive information.
20100629 public engagement strategy and action planRiddhi Dash
This document outlines a public engagement strategy and action plan for a major public works project in Ahmedabad, India. It notes that currently public awareness of the project is minimal and information sharing lacks transparency. The strategy aims to increase transparency, inform residents about the project details, understand public concerns, and facilitate citizen involvement. Key actions include disseminating information through various channels, engaging priority groups, and partnering with organizations. Current initiatives include focus groups, developing online and print resources, and organizing events on the riverfront. Future plans include more presentations, electronic updates, consultations, and collecting ongoing public feedback. The overall goal is to increase awareness of the project and have residents actively participate in and take ownership of the riverfront development.
Plan Making Reforms Consultation - September 2023 Event Series - Publish.pdfmhutttch
The document discusses plans by the Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (DLUHC) to implement reforms to the local plan-making process in England. Key points include:
- DLUHC is consulting on how to implement a 30-month timeframe for local authorities to adopt new local plans.
- Digital plans, project initiation documents, proportional evidence requirements, and gateway assessments are proposed to help authorities deliver plans within 30 months.
- The consultation seeks views on challenges to the current system and how digital tools could help make the process more efficient.
- A workshop will explore barriers to the 30-month timeframe and how authorities and DLUHC can work together to overcome them. The
This document provides an overview of project monitoring and evaluation (M&E). It defines what a project is and discusses project management and examples. It then covers key aspects of planning an M&E system, including developing an M&E framework, logical frameworks, and an M&E matrix. The document also describes the components and objectives of an effective M&E system and the steps involved in designing an M&E plan.
This document provides an overview of project management foundations for public health projects. It discusses how organizational structure, culture, climate and government regulation can influence projects. The project life cycle of initiating, planning, executing, monitoring/controlling and closing is presented. Key project constraints of scope, schedule and cost are discussed as well as how to deal with competing constraints. The document concludes with an assignment for students to choose a community health needs assessment and intervention to address an identified need.
What is Planning?
The process of..
Setting goals
Developing strategies and
Outlining tasks and schedules to accomplish the goals.
Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do, when to do and who is to do it.
This document provides an overview of the Project Analysis and Management (MBA 731) course taught by Temesgen Kebede at Rift Valley University. The course objectives are to explain key project planning and analysis models and tools and apply them to project identification, appraisal, implementation and evaluation. The course covers topics such as the project cycle, project preparation and analysis, financial, economic and social analysis, risk analysis, and project implementation tools. The document includes chapter outlines and objectives for each topic.
The document outlines the key elements of an effective project proposal, including an introduction, importance, objectives, strategies, outcomes, activities, and reporting plan. It provides examples and considerations for each element, such as defining measurable objectives and outlining specific project activities. The overall purpose is to convince stakeholders that a proposed project is worth undertaking and will achieve its goals.
A decentralized clinical trial (DCT) is an innovative approach to conducting clinical research that leverages digital technologies and remote processes to enable greater patient participation and data collection outside of traditional clinical trial settings. In a decentralized trial, participants have the flexibility to engage in the study from their own homes or local healthcare facilities, reducing the need for frequent visits to centralized trial sites.
The key features of decentralized clinical trials include:
Remote Participant Engagement: DCTs utilize various digital tools and platforms to facilitate participant engagement. This may involve virtual visits, telemedicine consultations, electronic informed consent, and remote monitoring of participants' health status and adherence to study protocols.
Mobile and Wearable Technologies: Mobile devices and wearable sensors play a significant role in decentralized trials. They enable real-time data collection, including vital signs, patient-reported outcomes, medication adherence, and other relevant health data. These technologies enhance convenience for participants while providing continuous, objective data for researchers.
Virtual Study Operations: DCTs employ virtual tools for study management and coordination. These include electronic data capture systems, online study training, remote monitoring of data quality, and electronic trial master files. Virtual platforms facilitate seamless communication between study teams, investigators, and participants.
Local Healthcare Providers: In decentralized trials, local healthcare providers or clinical research sites often play a more substantial role in participant recruitment, enrollment, and follow-up. These providers may be responsible for conducting study visits, collecting samples, and implementing study interventions, while ensuring compliance with the trial protocol.
Data Security and Privacy: Protecting participant data and maintaining privacy are critical in decentralized trials. Robust data security measures, such as encryption, secure data transmission, and compliance with privacy regulations like GDPR or HIPAA, are implemented to safeguard participants' sensitive information.
20100629 public engagement strategy and action planRiddhi Dash
This document outlines a public engagement strategy and action plan for a major public works project in Ahmedabad, India. It notes that currently public awareness of the project is minimal and information sharing lacks transparency. The strategy aims to increase transparency, inform residents about the project details, understand public concerns, and facilitate citizen involvement. Key actions include disseminating information through various channels, engaging priority groups, and partnering with organizations. Current initiatives include focus groups, developing online and print resources, and organizing events on the riverfront. Future plans include more presentations, electronic updates, consultations, and collecting ongoing public feedback. The overall goal is to increase awareness of the project and have residents actively participate in and take ownership of the riverfront development.
Plan Making Reforms Consultation - September 2023 Event Series - Publish.pdfmhutttch
The document discusses plans by the Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities (DLUHC) to implement reforms to the local plan-making process in England. Key points include:
- DLUHC is consulting on how to implement a 30-month timeframe for local authorities to adopt new local plans.
- Digital plans, project initiation documents, proportional evidence requirements, and gateway assessments are proposed to help authorities deliver plans within 30 months.
- The consultation seeks views on challenges to the current system and how digital tools could help make the process more efficient.
- A workshop will explore barriers to the 30-month timeframe and how authorities and DLUHC can work together to overcome them. The
This document provides an overview of project monitoring and evaluation (M&E). It defines what a project is and discusses project management and examples. It then covers key aspects of planning an M&E system, including developing an M&E framework, logical frameworks, and an M&E matrix. The document also describes the components and objectives of an effective M&E system and the steps involved in designing an M&E plan.
This document provides an overview of project management foundations for public health projects. It discusses how organizational structure, culture, climate and government regulation can influence projects. The project life cycle of initiating, planning, executing, monitoring/controlling and closing is presented. Key project constraints of scope, schedule and cost are discussed as well as how to deal with competing constraints. The document concludes with an assignment for students to choose a community health needs assessment and intervention to address an identified need.
What is Planning?
The process of..
Setting goals
Developing strategies and
Outlining tasks and schedules to accomplish the goals.
Planning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do, when to do and who is to do it.
The document provides results from a descriptive outcome assessment of the DREAMS Tusaidie Wasichana Waelimike project in Kenya. Key findings include:
1) School performance and attendance improved after the project, which was attributed to interventions like improved infrastructure, mentorship, and provision of sanitary pads.
2) Contributors to poor performance and attendance included household responsibilities, gender-based violence, and lack of school fees.
3) Most students were not on scholarships, and school fee payment was generally poor, negatively impacting attendance.
This document provides a project management plan for building a new house for clients Mary Jo and Liam Spencer. The plan includes an executive summary, objectives, deliverables, milestones, assumptions, constraints, scope, work breakdown structure, schedule, budget, risks, quality specifications, acceptance criteria, resources, roles and responsibilities, change management, and lessons learned. The key details are constructing a new $350,000 house for the clients that meets their design specifications and is completed by their move-in date of June 25, 2016. The project manager will oversee the project using this comprehensive plan to deliver the house on time and on budget.
The document provides guidance for students on developing and implementing successful sustainability projects at Carleton College. It outlines the nine steps to take, including getting feedback, developing a project plan, pitching the idea, building a team, and overcoming obstacles. The guide also gives examples of past successful student projects and advice from sustainability leaders on campus.
There are many examples of evidence-informed decision making (EIDM) among public health professionals and organizations in Canada. However, there are limited mechanisms in place to facilitate the sharing of these stories within the public health community. The National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools (NCCMT) seeks to address this gap with an interactive, peer-led webinar series featuring a collection of EIDM success stories in public health.
These success stories will illustrate what EIDM in public health practice, programs and policy looks like across the country.
Join us to engage with public health practitioners across Canada as they share their success stories of using or implementing EIDM in the real world. Learn about the strategies and tools used by presenters to improve the use of evidence.
Featuring:
Sharing health information with community organizations to promote health equity
Dr. M. Mustafa Hirji and Cassandra Ogunniyi, Niagara Region Public Health & Emergency Services
To improve the sharing of local demographic and health outcome data to meet the needs of local priority populations, a project was undertaken to examine how to select, analyze and distribute data. Learn more about how this team worked to improve data sharing across local public health units and community partners.
Putting research in place: An innovative approach to decision support in Newfoundland and Labrador
Dr. Stephen Bornstein and Rochelle Baker, Newfoundland and Labrador Centre for Applied Health Research
The Newfoundland & Labrador Centre for Applied Health Research (NLCAHR) supports applied health research in Newfoundland and Labrador. Learn more about how the NLCAHR’s Contextualized Health Research Synthesis Program works with health system partners to prioritize health research needs, as well as synthesize and contextualize evidence for Newfoundland and Labrador.
Supporting Collaboration and Harnessing of OER Within the Policy Framework of...Saide OER Africa
The project management of the Health OER Design Phase has been highly effective in enabling the realization of specified activities. A well-documented website tracks all project activities and resources. The dScribe model for converting materials to OERs is an innovative asset. There is widespread approval of the project management. While the United States-based University of Michigan plays a lead role, participants feel the project is firmly "for Africa and by Africans" and view U-M as facilitators rather than controllers. The four African universities have differing prior experiences with open learning and ICT in teaching, resulting in the project taking hold in varied ways across institutional contexts.
Health OER Inter-Institutional Project Formative Evaluation of Health OER Des...Saide OER Africa
The project management of the Health OER Design Phase has been highly effective in enabling the realization of specified activities. A well-documented website tracks all project activities and resources. The dScribe model for converting materials to OERs is an innovative asset. There is widespread approval of the project management. While the University of Michigan plays a lead role, participants feel they are driving the project rather than being controlled. The four African universities have differing prior experiences with open learning and ICT, and academics have had varying exposure to OERs. This has resulted in the project developing differently across the varied institutional contexts.
This document discusses participatory planning and decision making for water and sanitation projects. It outlines a 5 step process: 1) Exploring to collect background information and establish community involvement. 2) Demand creation through awareness raising to ensure solutions meet community needs. 3) Participatory decision making where stakeholders collectively understand issues, decide on solutions, and plan projects. 4) Implementation by translating plans into measurable projects with timelines. 5) Ensuring sustainability through participatory monitoring, operation and maintenance to avoid project failures. The process aims to increase community ownership and demand-driven solutions through involvement at all stages.
A presentation to the Health Psychology in Public Health Network annual on practical, policy and research challenges in applying research to public health practice
Current Trends in Clinical Trial Design and Execution ClinosolIndia
Adaptive Trial Designs: Adaptive trials allow for modifications to key aspects of a trial while it is ongoing, such as sample size, treatment arms, or endpoints. This flexibility can help optimize resources, reduce costs, and improve the efficiency of clinical trials.
Real-world Evidence (RWE): There is an increasing interest in incorporating real-world data and evidence into clinical trial design. RWE involves the use of data collected outside of traditional clinical trials, such as electronic health records, patient registries, and claims databases, to generate insights on treatment effectiveness, safety, and patient outcomes.
Patient-Centric Trials: There is a growing emphasis on patient-centricity in clinical trial design. This includes involving patients in trial planning, considering patient preferences, and incorporating patient-reported outcomes as endpoints. Patient-centric trials aim to improve patient recruitment, retention, and overall trial experience.
Virtual and Decentralized Trials: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of virtual and decentralized trial approaches. These trials leverage digital technologies, remote monitoring, telemedicine, and home-based visits to reduce the need for frequent site visits and increase patient accessibility, particularly for those who may face geographical or mobility barriers.
Precision Medicine and Biomarker-Based Trials: Advances in genomics and molecular biology have led to an increased focus on precision medicine and biomarker-based trials. These trials aim to identify patient subgroups that are more likely to respond to specific treatments based on their genetic or biomarker profiles, allowing for more targeted and personalized approaches to therapy.
Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (AI): The use of data analytics and AI in clinical trial design and execution is gaining momentum. These technologies can help identify patterns, predict outcomes, optimize trial protocols, and streamline data collection and analysis processes, leading to more efficient and informed decision-making.
Collaborative and Platform Trials: Collaborative and platform trials involve partnerships between multiple stakeholders, including academia, industry, patient advocacy groups, and regulatory agencies. These trials aim to streamline trial operations, facilitate data sharing, and enable a more efficient evaluation of multiple interventions or treatment combinations simultaneously.
Risk-Based Monitoring: Traditional on-site monitoring of all trial sites can be resource-intensive. Risk-based monitoring focuses resources on higher-risk areas and uses a combination of centralized monitoring, statistical algorithms, and targeted on-site visits to ensure data quality and patient safety while optimizing resource utilization.
Regulatory Innovations: Regulatory agencies are increasingly exploring innovative approaches to support more efficient and accelerated clinical trials.
Running head PROJECT PLAN1PROJECT PLAN 5Proje.docxjeanettehully
Running head: PROJECT PLAN 1
PROJECT PLAN 5
Project Plan
Nicholas Calhoun
Project Management
South University
January 21, 2020
Project Plan
Industry: Healthcare
Project: “Implementation of Electronic Medical Record (EMR) systems”
Project Overview
The growth in technology has seen the inception of healthcare informatics whereby hospitals are required to utilize software systems to “facilitate workflow and improve the quality of patient care and patient safety” (Chang & Choi, 2016). Following the enactment of Affordable Care Act in 2010, the demand for healthcare services has increased drastically. Consequently, hospitals across United States serve a huge number of patients in a single day –hence making it hard for healthcare providers, clinical staff, and physicians to handle patients’ medical records manually.
Considerably, some level or organization is required in order to facilitate process of documentation and easy retrieval of patient records. Acquisition and implementation of a EMR system helps to capture, manage, and retrieve patient data like demographic information, lab results, medical history, among others with a single click. According to Coleman et al. (2015), “a strong EMR system can effectively acquire and centralize vital patient information” –something that is effective and efficient service delivery.
Thus, this project involves the process acquiring and implementing EMR to facilitate workflow and enhance service delivery in hospitals.
Synopsis
The project success is entirely anchored on proper “planning and management” of the activities and processes involved (Serra & Kunc, 2015). As a course, project management has a number of objectives which must be fulfilled and this project is fully aligned those objectives. First, there is need to ensure that projects are aligned to the organizational strategy and hence, this project is in line with the need to provide quality care to patients. The project plan will involve the process of creating a WBS that will act as a point of reference as far as project planning and control is concerned. Developing a network diagram for the project is also key in managing this project. Cost and time estimation is a key element of this project is essential in ensuring that the implementation team works within the required timeframe and budget. Values and risk analysis also forms is a key element of project plan to ensure that its implementation does not result into losses. The acquisition of high performing team is critical in ensuring that the necessary knowledge, skills, and expertise is acquired to spearhead the implementation process. Understanding procurement process is necessary in order to acquire all the relevant materials and equipment to facilitate the installation and maintenance of EMR. Finally, assessment and evaluation of the project is essential to ensure that it meets the required standards (Clarizen, 2018).
Project Scope
Rouse notes that “project scope is the part of p ...
This webinar provided an overview of engaging public and patient partners in rapid reviews. It discussed the National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools' rapid evidence service which responds to priority public health questions from decision makers within 5-10 days by modifying rapid review processes. It highlighted challenges of tight timelines for partner engagement and solutions like training partners. Presenters from patient and researcher perspectives shared insights around meaningful engagement in rapid reviews.
Abebe_T_Research Management and Logistics.pptxMohammedAbdela7
This document provides information on research methodology and management. It discusses organizing a research team, defining roles and responsibilities, managing the research process, and preparing work plans and budgets. Key points include:
- Research management involves planning, organizing, leading, and controlling resources efficiently.
- A work plan outlines tasks, timelines, and responsibilities to monitor implementation.
- A well-prepared budget with contingency plans is important for securing funds and ensuring efficient resource use.
- Agreements on authorship, data ownership, and addressing issues help smooth collaboration.
This document provides an introduction to a study analyzing the effectiveness of resource management strategies used by contractors during the implementation phase of construction projects in Harare, Zimbabwe. It discusses the importance of effective resource management in construction projects given the finite resources and complex nature of projects. Key resources include money, materials, manpower, and machinery. Common resource management techniques mentioned are critical path method (CPM) and resource leveling, which aim to efficiently schedule and allocate limited resources. The study aims to evaluate the resource management strategies used by contractors and their effectiveness in the local context.
CLAHARC WM Capacity Development Strategy - Nathalie Maillard and Tom MarshallNIHR CLAHRC West Midlands
Presentation to Programme Steering Committee on 14th January 2016 on the CLAHARC WM Capacity Development Strategy. Given by Nathalie Maillard and Tom Marshall.
The document discusses project management techniques like CPM and PERT. It provides 3 examples of projects to illustrate what constitutes a project. It then defines key aspects of project management like the work breakdown structure, network diagrams, and critical path method. The critical path method is explained through an example network diagram that is analyzed to find the earliest and latest start/finish times, critical path and project duration.
This document provides a 9989-word dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of a Master of Science in Major Programme Management. The dissertation explores creating a framework to govern infrastructure projects procured without necessary studies, which can cause cost overruns and delays. It analyzes data from four major projects in Brazil's 2014 World Cup program and a questionnaire of Brazilian government project managers. The goal is to determine if adopting an agile approach with early stakeholder involvement can reduce risks and uncertainties for projects procured without full construction designs. The framework is based on literature about project overruns and governance encouraging stakeholder involvement and benefits delivery in smaller batches like agile methods.
The document discusses project management techniques like CPM and PERT. It provides 3 examples of projects: 1) construction of a retail complex, 2) clinical trials of a new drug, and 3) introduction of multimedia resources at a teacher's college. It then defines what constitutes a project and lists some key project characteristics. The next sections describe tools used for project scheduling like work breakdown structure, Gantt charts, CPM and PERT networks. It provides examples of activity networks and calculations for critical path method.
Explore the critical role of Rabies Immunoglobulin (RIG) in post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for potential rabies exposure. Learn about the dosage guidelines, administration, and effectiveness of RIG in this concise PDF. Ensure you have the essential knowledge to prevent the onset of rabies in individuals at risk.
The document provides results from a descriptive outcome assessment of the DREAMS Tusaidie Wasichana Waelimike project in Kenya. Key findings include:
1) School performance and attendance improved after the project, which was attributed to interventions like improved infrastructure, mentorship, and provision of sanitary pads.
2) Contributors to poor performance and attendance included household responsibilities, gender-based violence, and lack of school fees.
3) Most students were not on scholarships, and school fee payment was generally poor, negatively impacting attendance.
This document provides a project management plan for building a new house for clients Mary Jo and Liam Spencer. The plan includes an executive summary, objectives, deliverables, milestones, assumptions, constraints, scope, work breakdown structure, schedule, budget, risks, quality specifications, acceptance criteria, resources, roles and responsibilities, change management, and lessons learned. The key details are constructing a new $350,000 house for the clients that meets their design specifications and is completed by their move-in date of June 25, 2016. The project manager will oversee the project using this comprehensive plan to deliver the house on time and on budget.
The document provides guidance for students on developing and implementing successful sustainability projects at Carleton College. It outlines the nine steps to take, including getting feedback, developing a project plan, pitching the idea, building a team, and overcoming obstacles. The guide also gives examples of past successful student projects and advice from sustainability leaders on campus.
There are many examples of evidence-informed decision making (EIDM) among public health professionals and organizations in Canada. However, there are limited mechanisms in place to facilitate the sharing of these stories within the public health community. The National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools (NCCMT) seeks to address this gap with an interactive, peer-led webinar series featuring a collection of EIDM success stories in public health.
These success stories will illustrate what EIDM in public health practice, programs and policy looks like across the country.
Join us to engage with public health practitioners across Canada as they share their success stories of using or implementing EIDM in the real world. Learn about the strategies and tools used by presenters to improve the use of evidence.
Featuring:
Sharing health information with community organizations to promote health equity
Dr. M. Mustafa Hirji and Cassandra Ogunniyi, Niagara Region Public Health & Emergency Services
To improve the sharing of local demographic and health outcome data to meet the needs of local priority populations, a project was undertaken to examine how to select, analyze and distribute data. Learn more about how this team worked to improve data sharing across local public health units and community partners.
Putting research in place: An innovative approach to decision support in Newfoundland and Labrador
Dr. Stephen Bornstein and Rochelle Baker, Newfoundland and Labrador Centre for Applied Health Research
The Newfoundland & Labrador Centre for Applied Health Research (NLCAHR) supports applied health research in Newfoundland and Labrador. Learn more about how the NLCAHR’s Contextualized Health Research Synthesis Program works with health system partners to prioritize health research needs, as well as synthesize and contextualize evidence for Newfoundland and Labrador.
Supporting Collaboration and Harnessing of OER Within the Policy Framework of...Saide OER Africa
The project management of the Health OER Design Phase has been highly effective in enabling the realization of specified activities. A well-documented website tracks all project activities and resources. The dScribe model for converting materials to OERs is an innovative asset. There is widespread approval of the project management. While the United States-based University of Michigan plays a lead role, participants feel the project is firmly "for Africa and by Africans" and view U-M as facilitators rather than controllers. The four African universities have differing prior experiences with open learning and ICT in teaching, resulting in the project taking hold in varied ways across institutional contexts.
Health OER Inter-Institutional Project Formative Evaluation of Health OER Des...Saide OER Africa
The project management of the Health OER Design Phase has been highly effective in enabling the realization of specified activities. A well-documented website tracks all project activities and resources. The dScribe model for converting materials to OERs is an innovative asset. There is widespread approval of the project management. While the University of Michigan plays a lead role, participants feel they are driving the project rather than being controlled. The four African universities have differing prior experiences with open learning and ICT, and academics have had varying exposure to OERs. This has resulted in the project developing differently across the varied institutional contexts.
This document discusses participatory planning and decision making for water and sanitation projects. It outlines a 5 step process: 1) Exploring to collect background information and establish community involvement. 2) Demand creation through awareness raising to ensure solutions meet community needs. 3) Participatory decision making where stakeholders collectively understand issues, decide on solutions, and plan projects. 4) Implementation by translating plans into measurable projects with timelines. 5) Ensuring sustainability through participatory monitoring, operation and maintenance to avoid project failures. The process aims to increase community ownership and demand-driven solutions through involvement at all stages.
A presentation to the Health Psychology in Public Health Network annual on practical, policy and research challenges in applying research to public health practice
Current Trends in Clinical Trial Design and Execution ClinosolIndia
Adaptive Trial Designs: Adaptive trials allow for modifications to key aspects of a trial while it is ongoing, such as sample size, treatment arms, or endpoints. This flexibility can help optimize resources, reduce costs, and improve the efficiency of clinical trials.
Real-world Evidence (RWE): There is an increasing interest in incorporating real-world data and evidence into clinical trial design. RWE involves the use of data collected outside of traditional clinical trials, such as electronic health records, patient registries, and claims databases, to generate insights on treatment effectiveness, safety, and patient outcomes.
Patient-Centric Trials: There is a growing emphasis on patient-centricity in clinical trial design. This includes involving patients in trial planning, considering patient preferences, and incorporating patient-reported outcomes as endpoints. Patient-centric trials aim to improve patient recruitment, retention, and overall trial experience.
Virtual and Decentralized Trials: The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the adoption of virtual and decentralized trial approaches. These trials leverage digital technologies, remote monitoring, telemedicine, and home-based visits to reduce the need for frequent site visits and increase patient accessibility, particularly for those who may face geographical or mobility barriers.
Precision Medicine and Biomarker-Based Trials: Advances in genomics and molecular biology have led to an increased focus on precision medicine and biomarker-based trials. These trials aim to identify patient subgroups that are more likely to respond to specific treatments based on their genetic or biomarker profiles, allowing for more targeted and personalized approaches to therapy.
Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence (AI): The use of data analytics and AI in clinical trial design and execution is gaining momentum. These technologies can help identify patterns, predict outcomes, optimize trial protocols, and streamline data collection and analysis processes, leading to more efficient and informed decision-making.
Collaborative and Platform Trials: Collaborative and platform trials involve partnerships between multiple stakeholders, including academia, industry, patient advocacy groups, and regulatory agencies. These trials aim to streamline trial operations, facilitate data sharing, and enable a more efficient evaluation of multiple interventions or treatment combinations simultaneously.
Risk-Based Monitoring: Traditional on-site monitoring of all trial sites can be resource-intensive. Risk-based monitoring focuses resources on higher-risk areas and uses a combination of centralized monitoring, statistical algorithms, and targeted on-site visits to ensure data quality and patient safety while optimizing resource utilization.
Regulatory Innovations: Regulatory agencies are increasingly exploring innovative approaches to support more efficient and accelerated clinical trials.
Running head PROJECT PLAN1PROJECT PLAN 5Proje.docxjeanettehully
Running head: PROJECT PLAN 1
PROJECT PLAN 5
Project Plan
Nicholas Calhoun
Project Management
South University
January 21, 2020
Project Plan
Industry: Healthcare
Project: “Implementation of Electronic Medical Record (EMR) systems”
Project Overview
The growth in technology has seen the inception of healthcare informatics whereby hospitals are required to utilize software systems to “facilitate workflow and improve the quality of patient care and patient safety” (Chang & Choi, 2016). Following the enactment of Affordable Care Act in 2010, the demand for healthcare services has increased drastically. Consequently, hospitals across United States serve a huge number of patients in a single day –hence making it hard for healthcare providers, clinical staff, and physicians to handle patients’ medical records manually.
Considerably, some level or organization is required in order to facilitate process of documentation and easy retrieval of patient records. Acquisition and implementation of a EMR system helps to capture, manage, and retrieve patient data like demographic information, lab results, medical history, among others with a single click. According to Coleman et al. (2015), “a strong EMR system can effectively acquire and centralize vital patient information” –something that is effective and efficient service delivery.
Thus, this project involves the process acquiring and implementing EMR to facilitate workflow and enhance service delivery in hospitals.
Synopsis
The project success is entirely anchored on proper “planning and management” of the activities and processes involved (Serra & Kunc, 2015). As a course, project management has a number of objectives which must be fulfilled and this project is fully aligned those objectives. First, there is need to ensure that projects are aligned to the organizational strategy and hence, this project is in line with the need to provide quality care to patients. The project plan will involve the process of creating a WBS that will act as a point of reference as far as project planning and control is concerned. Developing a network diagram for the project is also key in managing this project. Cost and time estimation is a key element of this project is essential in ensuring that the implementation team works within the required timeframe and budget. Values and risk analysis also forms is a key element of project plan to ensure that its implementation does not result into losses. The acquisition of high performing team is critical in ensuring that the necessary knowledge, skills, and expertise is acquired to spearhead the implementation process. Understanding procurement process is necessary in order to acquire all the relevant materials and equipment to facilitate the installation and maintenance of EMR. Finally, assessment and evaluation of the project is essential to ensure that it meets the required standards (Clarizen, 2018).
Project Scope
Rouse notes that “project scope is the part of p ...
This webinar provided an overview of engaging public and patient partners in rapid reviews. It discussed the National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools' rapid evidence service which responds to priority public health questions from decision makers within 5-10 days by modifying rapid review processes. It highlighted challenges of tight timelines for partner engagement and solutions like training partners. Presenters from patient and researcher perspectives shared insights around meaningful engagement in rapid reviews.
Abebe_T_Research Management and Logistics.pptxMohammedAbdela7
This document provides information on research methodology and management. It discusses organizing a research team, defining roles and responsibilities, managing the research process, and preparing work plans and budgets. Key points include:
- Research management involves planning, organizing, leading, and controlling resources efficiently.
- A work plan outlines tasks, timelines, and responsibilities to monitor implementation.
- A well-prepared budget with contingency plans is important for securing funds and ensuring efficient resource use.
- Agreements on authorship, data ownership, and addressing issues help smooth collaboration.
This document provides an introduction to a study analyzing the effectiveness of resource management strategies used by contractors during the implementation phase of construction projects in Harare, Zimbabwe. It discusses the importance of effective resource management in construction projects given the finite resources and complex nature of projects. Key resources include money, materials, manpower, and machinery. Common resource management techniques mentioned are critical path method (CPM) and resource leveling, which aim to efficiently schedule and allocate limited resources. The study aims to evaluate the resource management strategies used by contractors and their effectiveness in the local context.
CLAHARC WM Capacity Development Strategy - Nathalie Maillard and Tom MarshallNIHR CLAHRC West Midlands
Presentation to Programme Steering Committee on 14th January 2016 on the CLAHARC WM Capacity Development Strategy. Given by Nathalie Maillard and Tom Marshall.
The document discusses project management techniques like CPM and PERT. It provides 3 examples of projects to illustrate what constitutes a project. It then defines key aspects of project management like the work breakdown structure, network diagrams, and critical path method. The critical path method is explained through an example network diagram that is analyzed to find the earliest and latest start/finish times, critical path and project duration.
This document provides a 9989-word dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of a Master of Science in Major Programme Management. The dissertation explores creating a framework to govern infrastructure projects procured without necessary studies, which can cause cost overruns and delays. It analyzes data from four major projects in Brazil's 2014 World Cup program and a questionnaire of Brazilian government project managers. The goal is to determine if adopting an agile approach with early stakeholder involvement can reduce risks and uncertainties for projects procured without full construction designs. The framework is based on literature about project overruns and governance encouraging stakeholder involvement and benefits delivery in smaller batches like agile methods.
The document discusses project management techniques like CPM and PERT. It provides 3 examples of projects: 1) construction of a retail complex, 2) clinical trials of a new drug, and 3) introduction of multimedia resources at a teacher's college. It then defines what constitutes a project and lists some key project characteristics. The next sections describe tools used for project scheduling like work breakdown structure, Gantt charts, CPM and PERT networks. It provides examples of activity networks and calculations for critical path method.
Explore the critical role of Rabies Immunoglobulin (RIG) in post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for potential rabies exposure. Learn about the dosage guidelines, administration, and effectiveness of RIG in this concise PDF. Ensure you have the essential knowledge to prevent the onset of rabies in individuals at risk.
Surveillance and monitoring are important public health activities. Surveillance involves the ongoing collection and analysis of health data to plan, implement, and evaluate public health programs. It can be used to monitor disease trends, assess prevention programs, and recognize disease outbreaks. There are different levels of surveillance from individual to international. Types include active, passive, sentinel, behavioral, and nutritional surveillance. India has integrated disease surveillance programs to monitor communicable and non-communicable diseases across public and private sectors. Monitoring tracks program implementation and identifies solutions to improve performance using routine data collection. The health management information system is a web-based tool used in India to monitor health services and programs.
Time series analysis is a statistical methodology used to analyze longitudinal data measured over multiple time points. It can help understand the underlying process driving changes over time or evaluate the effects of interventions. Key components of time series include trends, seasonal variations, cyclical variations, and random variations. Moving average methods are commonly used to calculate trends and reduce other fluctuations in the data. Curve fitting by mathematical equations can also be used when the pattern of changes follows a known function.
Poliomyelitis is an acute viral infectious disease that affects predominantly children and can cause paralysis. It is caused by the poliovirus. While outbreaks have declined globally due to vaccination efforts, two countries continue to report cases. India was declared polio-free in 2014 after successful surveillance and vaccination programs. Key aspects of control include routine immunization with both live and inactivated polio vaccines, active surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis cases, and mass immunization campaigns of high-risk groups.
The document discusses the history and procedures for conducting the Mann-Whitney U test. It originated from the work of Frank Wilcoxon, Henry Mann, and Donald Whitney in the late 19th/early 20th century. The test is a nonparametric alternative to the independent t-test that can be used to compare two independent groups when the dependent variable is either ordinal or continuous. It works by ranking the data from both groups together and comparing the sums of the ranks for each group to determine if they are significantly different, indicating differences in central tendency. Examples are provided demonstrating how to calculate the test statistic U and conduct statistical inferences.
This document provides an overview of epidemiology. It defines epidemiology as the study of the distribution and determinants of disease frequency in populations and the application of this study to disease control. The history of epidemiology definitions is discussed from early definitions focusing on infectious disease occurrence to more modern definitions emphasizing the study of all health-related states and their determinants. The key aims of epidemiology are described as measuring disease frequency, distribution, and determinants.
How to conduct national family health survey? What are the changes that had happened till NFHS 5.What are the new parameters added in each 5 year survey till 2019-21 survey of NFHS 5
Principles of data collection include principles, types, sources, and methods of data collection, which will help medical students to make their tools for data collection.
This document discusses experimental study designs, specifically randomized controlled trials. It begins by defining epidemiology and classification of epidemiological studies. It then describes the aims, process, and key steps of randomized controlled trials: drawing up a protocol, selecting and randomizing populations, implementing interventions, follow-up, and outcome assessment. It also discusses types of RCTs including clinical trials and prevention trials. Blinding techniques are explained. Non-randomized trials are briefly covered.
The document summarizes India's National Health Policy 2017. It defines key terms, outlines the history and need for a new policy, and sets quantitative goals. The policy thrusts include ensuring adequate investment in health, organizing public healthcare delivery, and preventive and promotive health. It discusses national health programs and other areas like human resources, financing, and regulation. While the objectives aim to improve health outcomes, some experts question if they are achievable given India's large population and low health expenditure compared to other countries. Fully implementing the policy could help make progress on health goals but also faces challenges.
The document discusses the importance of communication in public health. It outlines the communication process, types of communication like one-way and two-way, and methods like individual, group, and mass approaches. It also discusses the functions, principles, and aims of health education, as well as barriers to effective communication like physical, linguistic, cultural and semantic barriers. Overall, the document emphasizes that communication is a critical process for informing individuals and communities to promote health and facilitate behavior change.
CM9.2 Describe calculate and interpret demographic index-death rate.pptxDr. Chirag Sonkusare
This document discusses demographic indicators that can be used to measure and compare the health status of communities and countries. It describes various mortality rates as important health indicators, including crude death rate, life expectancy, age-specific death rates, infant mortality rate, child death rate, and maternal mortality rate. These indicators provide information on disease burden, health risks, and effectiveness of healthcare programs in a population.
This document provides details on a case control study design. It discusses the history and definition of case control studies, noting they are observational and retrospective. The document outlines key aspects of case control study design including selecting cases and controls, matching subjects, measuring exposure, and analyzing the data. Examples are provided to illustrate selection of cases and controls as well as exposure rates and odds ratio calculations. Potential biases are also reviewed.
Mission Indradhanush is an initiative of the Indian Ministry of Health and Family Welfare to provide universal immunization to children under 2 years of age and pregnant women. It aims to fully immunize more than 90% of newborns by 2020 through special drives. The mission focuses on strengthening health systems and addressing inequities in access to immunization. It has conducted several phases of intensified immunization drives since 2015, focusing on pockets of low coverage. Evaluation surveys show immunization rates increasing from 35.4% to over 60% from 1992 to 2016, though progress remains slow, especially in urban areas. Supplemental action under Intensified Mission Indradhanush was needed to accelerate coverage further.
Codeless Generative AI Pipelines
(GenAI with Milvus)
https://ml.dssconf.pl/user.html#!/lecture/DSSML24-041a/rate
Discover the potential of real-time streaming in the context of GenAI as we delve into the intricacies of Apache NiFi and its capabilities. Learn how this tool can significantly simplify the data engineering workflow for GenAI applications, allowing you to focus on the creative aspects rather than the technical complexities. I will guide you through practical examples and use cases, showing the impact of automation on prompt building. From data ingestion to transformation and delivery, witness how Apache NiFi streamlines the entire pipeline, ensuring a smooth and hassle-free experience.
Timothy Spann
https://www.youtube.com/@FLaNK-Stack
https://medium.com/@tspann
https://www.datainmotion.dev/
milvus, unstructured data, vector database, zilliz, cloud, vectors, python, deep learning, generative ai, genai, nifi, kafka, flink, streaming, iot, edge
Orchestrating the Future: Navigating Today's Data Workflow Challenges with Ai...Kaxil Naik
Navigating today's data landscape isn't just about managing workflows; it's about strategically propelling your business forward. Apache Airflow has stood out as the benchmark in this arena, driving data orchestration forward since its early days. As we dive into the complexities of our current data-rich environment, where the sheer volume of information and its timely, accurate processing are crucial for AI and ML applications, the role of Airflow has never been more critical.
In my journey as the Senior Engineering Director and a pivotal member of Apache Airflow's Project Management Committee (PMC), I've witnessed Airflow transform data handling, making agility and insight the norm in an ever-evolving digital space. At Astronomer, our collaboration with leading AI & ML teams worldwide has not only tested but also proven Airflow's mettle in delivering data reliably and efficiently—data that now powers not just insights but core business functions.
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The ever-growing demands of AI and ML applications have ushered in an era where sophisticated data management isn't a luxury—it's a necessity. Airflow's innate flexibility and scalability are what makes it indispensable in managing the intricate workflows of today, especially those involving Large Language Models (LLMs).
This talk isn't just a rundown of Airflow's features; it's about harnessing these capabilities to turn your data workflows into a strategic asset. Together, we'll explore how Airflow remains at the cutting edge of data orchestration, ensuring your organization is not just keeping pace but setting the pace in a data-driven future.
Session in https://budapestdata.hu/2024/04/kaxil-naik-astronomer-io/ | https://dataml24.sessionize.com/session/667627
ViewShift: Hassle-free Dynamic Policy Enforcement for Every Data LakeWalaa Eldin Moustafa
Dynamic policy enforcement is becoming an increasingly important topic in today’s world where data privacy and compliance is a top priority for companies, individuals, and regulators alike. In these slides, we discuss how LinkedIn implements a powerful dynamic policy enforcement engine, called ViewShift, and integrates it within its data lake. We show the query engine architecture and how catalog implementations can automatically route table resolutions to compliance-enforcing SQL views. Such views have a set of very interesting properties: (1) They are auto-generated from declarative data annotations. (2) They respect user-level consent and preferences (3) They are context-aware, encoding a different set of transformations for different use cases (4) They are portable; while the SQL logic is only implemented in one SQL dialect, it is accessible in all engines.
#SQL #Views #Privacy #Compliance #DataLake
"Financial Odyssey: Navigating Past Performance Through Diverse Analytical Lens"sameer shah
Embark on a captivating financial journey with 'Financial Odyssey,' our hackathon project. Delve deep into the past performance of two companies as we employ an array of financial statement analysis techniques. From ratio analysis to trend analysis, uncover insights crucial for informed decision-making in the dynamic world of finance."
Open Source Contributions to Postgres: The Basics POSETTE 2024ElizabethGarrettChri
Postgres is the most advanced open-source database in the world and it's supported by a community, not a single company. So how does this work? How does code actually get into Postgres? I recently had a patch submitted and committed and I want to share what I learned in that process. I’ll give you an overview of Postgres versions and how the underlying project codebase functions. I’ll also show you the process for submitting a patch and getting that tested and committed.
Build applications with generative AI on Google CloudMárton Kodok
We will explore Vertex AI - Model Garden powered experiences, we are going to learn more about the integration of these generative AI APIs. We are going to see in action what the Gemini family of generative models are for developers to build and deploy AI-driven applications. Vertex AI includes a suite of foundation models, these are referred to as the PaLM and Gemini family of generative ai models, and they come in different versions. We are going to cover how to use via API to: - execute prompts in text and chat - cover multimodal use cases with image prompts. - finetune and distill to improve knowledge domains - run function calls with foundation models to optimize them for specific tasks. At the end of the session, developers will understand how to innovate with generative AI and develop apps using the generative ai industry trends.
STATATHON: Unleashing the Power of Statistics in a 48-Hour Knowledge Extravag...sameer shah
"Join us for STATATHON, a dynamic 2-day event dedicated to exploring statistical knowledge and its real-world applications. From theory to practice, participants engage in intensive learning sessions, workshops, and challenges, fostering a deeper understanding of statistical methodologies and their significance in various fields."
1. Department of Community Medicine
Grant Government Medical College &
Sir J.J. Group of Hospitals, Byculla, Mumbai-08
University Seminar
TOPIC:- PROJECT MANAGEMENT-
(SCHEDULING TECHNIQUES)
Guided by:
Dr. Geeta Pardeshi (Associate Professor)
Dr. Prashant Howal (Assistant Professor)
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Dr.Chirag Sonkusare
3. Which of these is a project?
Periodically testing
the quality of water
Continuous
surveillance of
population health
& disease
outbreaks
Managing the daily
tasks of a
community clinic.
Creating a public
health education
campaign
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Dr.Chirag Sonkusare
4. What is a project?
A temporary group activity designed to produce a unique product, service or
result
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Dr.Chirag Sonkusare
6. Health industry- change-organisations -patient focused.
Good project management- clear goals-good plan-good path to integrate the project in to
organization’s regular workflow.
In a rapidly changing & growing industry-structure & discipline.
Tied & true methodology implementation - accomplishing more in less time, conserve
resources & foster collaborations.
Importance:
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Dr.Chirag Sonkusare
7. Which of these is a Project?
Periodically testing
the quality of water
Continuous
surveillance of
population health
& disease
outbreaks
Managing the daily
tasks of a
community clinic.
Creating a public
health education
campaign
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Dr.Chirag Sonkusare
9. Examples of public health projects:
Planning area evacuation of persons in case of a disaster.
A health department launching MCH wellness program.
Vaccination program
National health programs
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Dr.Chirag Sonkusare
10. What is project management?
The application of knowledge, skills, tools & techniques to project activities to
meet project requirements
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Dr.Chirag Sonkusare
13. Role of a project manager:
Scope
Schedule
Budget
Communication &
Procurement
Stake holders
Human resources
Quality & risk
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Dr.Chirag Sonkusare
15. From ancient history to modern technology…
Was this a new concept?
What could have been the reasons for lack of evidence?
Ancient projects?
Development in our Health Sector……
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Dr.Chirag Sonkusare
17. Agile project management :-
Sprints
Scrum master
Stand up meetings
Retrospective
(E.g.: Portable health care clinic in rural
remote area using AI)
Agile-Waterfall Hybrid……..
Design
Develop
Test
Reiterate
Plan
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Dr.Chirag Sonkusare
18. Keys for Successful Projects…
Factors contributing to Project Failures…?
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Dr.Chirag Sonkusare
19. Success Failures
Engage project manager No project manager
Develop & follow methodology Process shortcuts
Task & activity ownership
Poor estimating techniques & resource
assumptions
Manage project variables Over optimism
Stakeholder expectation management Inadequate people management skills
Project team communications Unable to adapt to change
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Dr.Chirag Sonkusare
20. Methodologies for planning & scheduling:
Gantt chart
Critical Path Method (CPM)
Program Evaluation & Review Technique (PERT)
Gives a graphical display of project activities & allows the calculation of a time
estimate for the project.
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Dr.Chirag Sonkusare
21. Questions:
A hospital wants to conduct vaccination program on measles :
How is planning & scheduling done?
What is the maximum duration within which this project can be completed?
What is the probability of it’s completion within that calculated maximum duration?
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Dr.Chirag Sonkusare
23. Introduction
• Gantt Chart - graphical representation of duration of task against progression of time
• Horizontal bar chart
• Henry Gantt - 1917 - production control tool
• Helps to schedule,plan, co-ordinate, and track specific tasks in a project
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24. Purpose of Gantt chart
• Helpful in description of project scheduling
• To illustrate the relation between project activities & time
• To show multiple activities of project on single chart
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26. Principles
Unidimensional
• Focus on one dimension over others - Time
• Attention on efficiency as measured through time
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27. Objective
• Promotes objective understanding of reality
• Assume- there is one right way to complete task
• Horizontal bars - objective description - how long it takes to do the task
Principles
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28. Deterministic
• Gantt charts mainly based on determinism
• Certain conditions can be established a priori
• Possible to determine everything that will happen
• Nothing else could have happened
• Plan can be complete and embrace all the potential challenges a project may face
Principles
12/01/2023 3:24 carra Dr.Chirag Sonkusare 28
29. Accountability
• Breaking a complex project - into tasks
• Whole project is considered as sum of the tasks
• Gain a better understanding of the project
• Project divided into tasks - make people accountable for specific tasks
Principles
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30. Principles
Sequence
• Visualizes the process of task execution – sequence of task
• Representation is appropriate for task that follow clear sequence
• Completion of one task- next task
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31. Steps for creating Gantt chart
• Identify all the activities
• Sequence the activities
• Determine the timeline of project activity - start date and end date
• Find out dependent activities
• Create Gantt chart
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32. A hospital is planning to conduct a vaccination campaign in an
area for measles vaccine and wants to know the schedule of
activities
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33. Identify all the activities
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34. • Prepare policies and procedures
• Get the vaccinators into position
• Prepare estimates of vaccine,
equipment, vehicles, etc
• Procure vehicle and put them into
position
• Plan strategy - cooperation of
community leaders
• Orient vaccinators - project, plans, jobs
• Help vaccinators - develop rapport with
community
• Vaccinate
• Place order for vaccines
• Call tenders for equipment
• Survey the population
• Assign population and post vaccinators
• Deliver equipment at PHC
• Conduct public meetings
• Motivate community leaders
• Review performance
• Prepare project report and submit it
• Get the forms printed
• Plan public meetings
• Receive vaccine
• Give contract for equipment
• Deliver vaccine at the PHC
• Receive equipment
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35. Sequence activities
• Every activity is related to each other- except first & last
• Relationship with predecessor and successor
• Sequencing activities - placing activity in right order based on dependency
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36. Types of sequencing based on dependency:
1. Finish to Start : Successor activity will start only after its predecessor is finished
(Sequential)
2. Start to Start – Successor activity will start only after its predecessor has started
(Parallel/Overlapping)
3. Start to Finish – Successor activity will finish only after its predecessor has started
4. Finish to Finish – Successor activity will finish only after its predecessor has finished
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38. 1. Survey the population
2. Prepare policies and procedures
3. Get the vaccinators into position
4. Prepare estimates of vaccine, equipment, vehicles,
5. Procure vehicle on loan from other department and put them
6. Get the forms printed
7. Plan public meetings
8. Plan strategy to enlist the cooperation of community leaders
9. Orient vaccinators with respect to project, plans, jobs
10. Place order for vaccine
11. Call tenders for equipment
12. Assign population and post vaccinators.
13. Receive vaccine
14. Give contract for equipment
15. Deliver vaccine at PHC
16. Receive equipment
17. Deliver equipment at PHC
18. Conduct public meetings
19. Motivate community leaders
20. Help vaccinators to develop rapport with the community
21. Vaccinate
22. Review performance
23. Prepare project report and submit it
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39. Find activities that are dependent on each other
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40. ID Activity description Predecessors
A Survey the population -
B Prepare policies and procedures -
C Get the vaccinators into position A
D Prepare estimates of vaccine, equipment, vehicles, etc. Required A
E Procure vehicle on loan from other department and put them into position A
F Get the forms printed B
G Plan public meetings C
H Plan strategy to enlist the cooperation of community leaders C
I Orient vaccinators with respect to project, plans, jobs, etc. C
J Place order for vaccine D
K Call tenders for equipment D
L Assign population and post vaccinators. I
M Receive vaccine J
N Give contract for equipment K
O Deliver vaccine at PHC M
P Receive equipment N
Q Deliver equipment at PHC P, E,F
R Conduct public meetings G
S Motivate community leaders H
T Help vaccinators to develop rapport with the community L
U Vaccinate O,Q,R, S,T,
V Review performance U
W Prepare project report and submit it V
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41. Determine the time of project activity –
to start date and end date
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42. Id Activity description Predecessors Duration
A Survey the population - 17
B Prepare policies and procedures - 5
C Get the vaccinators into position A 8
D Prepare estimates of vaccine, equipment, vehicles, etc. Required A 8
E
Procure vehicle on loan from other department and put them into
position
A 16
F Get the forms printed B 12
G Plan public meetings C 4
H Plan strategy to enlist the cooperation of community leaders C 2
I Orient vaccinators with respect to project, plans, jobs, etc. C 3
J Place order for vaccine D 2
K Call tenders for equipment D 18
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43. Id Activity description Predecessors Duration Start date Completion date
A Survey the population - 17 01-01-2023 18-01-2023
B Prepare policies and procedures - 5 01-01-2023 06-01-2023
C Get the vaccinators into position A 8 18-01-2023 26-01-2023
D
Prepare estimates of vaccine, equipment, vehicles, etc.
Required
A 8 18-01-2023 26-01-2023
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44. Id Activity description Predecessors Duration Start date Completion date
A Survey the population - 17 01-01-2023 18-01-2023
B Prepare policies and procedures - 5 01-01-2023 06-01-2023
C Get the vaccinators into position A 8 18-01-2023 26-01-2023
D Prepare estimates of vaccine, equipment, vehicles, etc. Required A 8 18-01-2023 26-01-2023
E
Procure vehicle on loan from other department and put them into
position
A 16 18-01-2023 03-02-2023
F Get the forms printed B 12 06-01-2023 18-01-2023
G Plan public meetings C 4 26-01-2023 30-01-2023
H Plan strategy to enlist the cooperation of community leaders C 2 26-01-2023 28-01-2023
I Orient vaccinators with respect to project, plans, jobs, etc. C 3 26-01-2023 29-01-2023
J Place order for vaccine D 2 26-01-2023 28-01-2023
K Call tenders for equipment D 18 26-01-2023 13-02-2023
L Assign population and post vaccinators. I 4 29-01-2023 02-02-2023
M Receive vaccine J 17 28-01-2023 14-02-2023
N Give contract for equipment K 5 13-02-2023 18-02-2023
O Deliver vaccine at phc M 2 14-02-2023 16-02-2023
P Receive equipment N 21 18-02-2023 11-03-2023
Q Deliver equipment at phc P, E,F 3 11-03-2023 14-03-2023
R Conduct public meetings G 39 30-01-2023 10-03-2023
S Motivate community leaders H 23 03-02-2023 26-02-2023
T Help vaccinators to develop rapport with the community L 10 02-02-2023 12-02-2023
U Vaccinate R,S,T,O,Q 11 14-03-2023 25-03-2023
V Review performance U 8 25-03-2023 02-04-2023
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45. Tools
• Project management information system (PMIS) applications
• Primavera Project Planner®
• Microsoft excel
• Microsoft Project®
• MindView®
• Instagantt
• Smartsheet
• GanttPRO
• Monday
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46. 12/01/2023 3:24 carra Dr.Chirag Sonkusare 46
1/1/2023 1/11/2023 1/21/2023 1/31/2023 2/10/2023 2/20/2023 3/2/2023 3/12/2023 3/22/2023 4/1/2023
SURVEY THE POPULATION
PREPARE POLICIES AND PROCEDURES
GET THE VACCINATORS INTO POSITION
PREPARE ESTIMATES OF VACCINE, EQUIPMENT, VEHICLES, ETC. REQUIRED
PROCURE VEHICLE ON LOAN FROM OTHER DEPARTMENT AND PUT THEM INTO POSITION
GET THE FORMS PRINTED
PLAN PUBLIC MEETINGS
PLAN STRATEGY TO ENLIST THE COOPERATION OF COMMUNITY LEADERS
ORIENT VACCINATORS WITH RESPECT TO PROJECT, PLANS, JOBS, ETC.
PLACE ORDER FOR VACCINE
CALL TENDERS FOR EQUIPMENT
ASSIGN POPULATION AND POST VACCINATORS.
RECEIVE VACCINE
GIVE CONTRACT FOR EQUIPMENT
DELIVER VACCINE AT PHC
RECEIVE EQUIPMENT
DELIVER EQUIPMENT AT PHC
CONDUCT PUBLIC MEETINGS
MOTIVATE COMMUNITY LEADERS
HELP VACCINATORS TO DEVELOP RAPPORT WITH THE COMMUNITY
VACCINATE
REVIEW PERFORMANCE
PREPARE PROJECT REPORT AND SUBMIT IT
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
47. Uses of Gantt Chart
• Useful for scheduling project activities
• Monitoring progress of project
• Communicating to team members what is to be done in given time frame
• Gives clear illustration of project status
• Useful in managing the dependencies between tasks
12/01/2023 3:24 carra Dr.Chirag Sonkusare 47
48. Limitations of Gantt charts
• It is difficult to determine what impact a slip in one task will have on rest of
project
• It will not identify which is more important task
• Does not tell about importance of individual work packages
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49. Uses in public health, research, clinical
practice
Practical approach to managing the research process in surgical research
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51. Content
Project Network Diagram
• Basic terms used in the network diagram
• Rules for construction of network diagram
• Numbering the events
Computing various times
Critical Path Method
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53. Basic terms
Activity
Event- 1.Merge Event 2. Burst Event
Activity on Arrow/arc
Activity on Node
Types of Activity :
i. Preceding Activity
ii. Succeeding Activity
iii. Concurrent Activity
iv. Dummy Activity
1 2
4
3
5
A 3
min
F 15
min
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54. Rules of Network Construction :
Try to avoid the arrow that crosses each other
Use straight arrow
Use the arrow left to right to avoid mixing two direction
No event can occur until every activity preceding it has been completed
An event can’t occur twice
Dummies should be introduced only, it is extremely necessary
Network has only one entry point called start event and one point of emergence called
end event
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55. Numbering the Events
Number must be unique
Number should be carried out on a sequential basis
from left to right (top to bottom) Fulkerson method
Initial event must be numbered as 1
Number all new start events 2,3 and so on
1 2
4
3
5
A 3
min
F 15
min
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56. Critical Path Method
History :
It is a project modelling technique developed in the late 1950’s –Du Pont and
Remington R and corporation to plan and coordinate maintenance projects in chemical
plants
It put into practice by Du Pont between 1940 and 1943 and contributed to success of the
Manhattan project
CPM was first time used in 1966 for the major skyscraper development of constructing
the former World Trade Centre Twin Towers in New York city
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57. Definition : The Critical Path Method (CPM), or Critical Path Analysis (CPA), is
an algorithm for scheduling a set of project activities
It determines longest path including all critical activities for completion of the
project
CPM is a network diagramming technique used to predict total project duration
CPM is deterministic
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58. Steps of Critical Path Method
1. List all activities and their inter-relationship
2. Construct a network diagram
3. Determine the various path and their duration
4. Computing activity start and finish times
5. Determine the slack/float
6. Find the critical path
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59. Example: A hospital is planning to conduct a vaccination campaign at PHC
and wants to know what is the maximum duration for completing it.
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60. ID ACTIVITY DISCRIPTION PREDECESSORS DURATION
A Survey the population - 17
B Prepare policies and procedures - 5
C Get the vaccinators into position A 8
D Prepare estimates of vaccine, equipment, vehicles, etc. Required A 8
E Procure vehicle on loan from other department and put them into position A 16
F Get the forms printed B 12
G Plan public meetings C 4
H Plan strategy to enlist the cooperation of community leaders C 2
I Orient vaccinators with respect to project, plans, jobs, etc. C 3
J Place order for vaccine D 2
K Call tenders for equipment D 18
L Assign population and post vaccinators. I 4
M Receive vaccine J 17
N Give contract for equipment K 5
O Deliver vaccine at PHC M 2
P Receive equipment N 21
Q Deliver equipment at PHC P, E, F 3
R Conduct public meetings G 39
S Motivate community leaders H 23
T Help vaccinators to develop rapport with the community L 10
U Vaccinate R, S, T, O, Q 11
V Review performance U 8
W Prepare project report and submit it V 8
1. List all activities and their inter-relationship
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61. 12/01/2023 3:24 carra Dr.Chirag Sonkusare 61
ID ACTIVITY DISCRIPTION PREDECESSORS DURATION
A Survey the population - 17
B Prepare policies and procedures - 5
C Get the vaccinators into position A 8
D
Prepare estimates of vaccine, equipment, vehicles,
etc. Required A 8
E
Procure vehicle on loan from other department
and put them into position A 16
F Get the forms printed B 12
G Plan public meetings C 4
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H
Plan strategy to enlist the cooperation of
community leaders C 2
I
Orient vaccinators with respect to project, plans,
jobs, etc. C 3
J Place order for vaccine D 2
K Call tenders for equipment D 18
L Assign population and post vaccinators. I 4
M Receive vaccine J 17
N Give contract for equipment K 5
ID ACTIVITY DISCRIPTION PREDECESSORS DURATION
63. 12/01/2023 3:24 carra Dr.Chirag Sonkusare 63
O Deliver vaccine at PHC M 2
P Receive equipment N 21
Q Deliver equipment at PHC P, E, F 3
R Conduct public meetings G 39
S Motivate community leaders H 23
T
Help vaccinators to develop rapport with the
community L 10
U Vaccinate R, S, T, O, Q 11
V Review performance U 8
W Prepare project report and submit it V 8
ID ACTIVITY DISCRIPTION PREDECESSORS DURATION
64. 2. Construct a Network diagram.
B
A
K
D
C
STA
RT
I
H
G
J
S
R
O
M
T
L
E
P
N
Q
F
W
V
U
17
5
8
8 2
4
12
16
39
18
2
3
4 10
23
2
5
17
3
21
8
8
11
Duration in Days
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65. 3. Determine the various path and its duration
PATH TOTAL DURATION OF PATH
1. A-C-G-R-U-V-W 17+8+4+39+11+8+8 =95
2.A-C-H-S-U-V-W 17+8+2+23+11+8+8=77
3. A-C-I-L-T-U-V-W 69
4. A-D-J-M-O-U-V-W 73
5. A-D-K-N-P-Q-U-V-W 99
6. A-E-Q-U-V-W 63
7. B-F-Q-U-V-W 47
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66. 4.Computing activity start and finish times
Computing various times :
ES = Earliest starting time of activity
t = Estimate completion time of activity/ duration of activity
EF = Earliest Finishing time of activity
LS = Latest starting time of activity
LF = Latest finishing time of activity
Float = the allowable slippage of time for an activity,as well
as for a path
ES t EF
Activity
LS Float LF
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67. a) Forward Pass Computation :
Zero is the starting time for the project
EF = Max (ES + t)
ES t EF
Activity
LS Float LF
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68. 0 17 17
A
0 5 5
B
5 12 17
F
0 0 0
Start
17 8 25
C
17 4 21
D
25 16 41
E
41 4 45
G
ES t EF
Activity
LS Float LF
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69. 12/01/2023 3:24 carra Dr.Chirag Sonkusare 69
b) Backward Pass Computation :
LS = Min (LF– t)
ES t EF
Activity
LS Float LF
70. 0 17 17
A
0 17
0 5 5
B
24 29
5 12 17
F
29 41
0 0 0
Start
0 0
17 8 25
C
17 25
17 4 21
D
37 41
25 16 41
E
25 41
41 4 45
G
41 45
ES t EF
Activity
LS Float LF
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71. 5) Determination of Floats and Slack times
Float / slack : It is defined as the difference between the latest and earliest activity time
Types of float :
1. Total float : It is the amount of time that the finishing/ completion time of an activity
can be delayed without affecting the project completion time
(TF) = (LS)– (ES)
= (LF– ES)- t
2. Free Float : (FF) = (EF - ES) – t
ES t EF
Activity
LS Float LF
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72. 0 17 17
A
0 0 17
0 5 5
B
24 24 29
5 12 17
F
29 24 41
0 0 0
Start
0 0 0
17 8 25
C
17 0 25
17 4 21
D
37 20 41
25 16 41
E
25 0 41
41 4 45
G
41 0 45
ES t EF
Activity
LS Float LF
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73. 6. Find a critical path
An activity is considered critical if any activity’s total float (TF) is zero
Critical path condition:
i) ES= LS
ii) EF = LF
iii) EF- ES = LF – LS= Duration of activity
Critical Activity :
A-D-K-N-P-Q-U-V-W = 99 – CRITICAL PATH
ES t EF
Activity
LS Float LF
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74. Time duration of a critical path can be reduced by using the following technique
1. Fast Tracking: Performing more activities in parallel
2. Crashing the critical path: Shortening the duration of critical path activities by adding
resources
Two types of time required for any activity
1. Normal time
2. Crash time
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75. Advantages of CPM
To create project schedules to make work easier
It provides a disciplined basis for planning a project
It provides a clear picture of the scope of a project that can be easily read and understood
Resolve resource shortage
Retooling programs for high volume production
All type of construction and maintenance work
Budget planning
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76. 12/01/2023 3:24 carra Dr.Chirag Sonkusare 76
Limitations of CPM
It is deterministic model of project management
For less routine projects there is more uncertainty in the completion times, and
this uncertainty limits the usefulness of the deterministic CPM model
78. PERT
• Method to analyze the tasks involved in completing a given project
• Time needed to complete each task
• Identify the minimum time required to complete the total project
• Commonly used with the Critical Path Method (CPM)
• It allows for randomness in activity completion times
• Provides a graphical representation of a project timeline
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79. PERT
• Developed to simplify the planning and scheduling of large and complex projects
• It is an event-oriented technique than start- and completion-oriented
• Used more in projects where time is the primary factor rather than cost
• Applied to large-scale, one-time, non-routine projects and Research and
Development projects
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80. History of PERT
• U.S. government was concerned about the growing nuclear arsenal of the Soviet Union,
and U. S. government wanted to complete the Polaris project as quickly as possible
• It was developed in 1957 for the U.S. Navy Special Projects Office to support the U.S.
Navy's Polaris nuclear submarine project
• The Navy used PERT to coordinate the efforts of 3,000 contractors involved
• Experts credited PERT with shortening the project duration by two years
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81. History of PERT
• An example of this was for the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble, which applied PERT
from 1965 until the opening of the 1968 Games
• This project model was founded by Frederick Taylor and later refined by Henry Ford
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82. Steps in the PERT Planning Process
PERT planning involves the following steps:-
1. Identify the specific activities and events
2. Determine the proper sequence of the activities
3. Construct a network diagram
4. Estimate the time required for each activity
5. Determine the critical path
6. Update the PERT chart as the project progresses
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83. Estimate the time required for each activity:
• Weeks are a commonly used unit of time
• A distinguishing feature of PERT is its ability to deal with uncertainty in activity
completion times
• For each activity, the model usually includes three-time estimates
• Optimistic time
• Most likely time
• Pessimistic time
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84. Estimate the time required for
each activity:
• PERT is assumed to follow the beta
distribution.
• Therefore, the expected time (te) and
variance ( σ2 ) for each activity are
estimated using the following Formulas.
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85. Probabilistic approach
Probabilistic estimates in Network diagrams are based on the assumption
• The path duration is a random variable normally distributed around the expected path
time
• Even when the number of items is relatively small, the normal distribution
approximates the actual distribution
• Path duration times are independent of each other
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z =
𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒−𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒
𝑃𝑎𝑡ℎ 𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑣𝑖𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
z =
𝑡𝑠 𝑝𝑎𝑡ℎ−𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑡ℎ
𝑆𝐷 𝑝𝑎𝑡ℎ
86. Example
Id Activity Description
Time Estimates (Days)
to tm tp
A Survey the population 7 15 35
B Prepare policies and procedures 2 5 8
C Get the vaccinators into position 4 7 15
D Prepare estimates of vaccine, equipment, vehicles 3 7 15
E
Procure vehicle on loan from other department
and put them into position
7 15 30
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87. Calculate expected time
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Id Activity Description
Time Estimates
(days)
Expected
time (days)
to tm tp te
A Survey the population 7 15 35 17
B Prepare policies and procedures 2 5 8 5
C Get the vaccinators into position 4 7 15 8
D
Prepare estimates of vaccine, equipment,
vehicles
3 7 15 8
E
Procure vehicle on loan from other
department and put them into position
7 15 30 16
88. Calculate variance
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Id Activity Description
Time Estimates
(days)
Expected
time (days)
Variance
to tm tp te σ
𝟐
A Survey the population 7 15 35 17 21.78
B Prepare policies and procedures 2 5 8 5 1.00
C Get the vaccinators into position 4 7 15 8 3.36
D
Prepare estimates of vaccine,
equipment, vehicles
3 7 15 8 4.00
E
Procure vehicle on loan from other
department and put them into position
7 15 30 16 14.69
89. 12/01/2023 3:24 carra Dr.Chirag Sonkusare 100
Id Activity description
Time estimates (days) Expected time
Variance
to tm tp te
A Survey the population 7 15 35 17 21.78
B Prepare policies and procedures 2 5 8 5 1.00
C Get the vaccinators into position 4 7 15 8 3.36
D Prepare estimates of vaccine, equipment, vehicles, 3 7 15 8 4.00
E Procure vehicle on loan from other department and put them into position 7 15 30 16 14.69
F Get the forms printed 5 10 25 12 11.11
G Plan public meetings 1 3 10 4 2.25
H Plan strategy to enlist the cooperation of community leaders 1 2 3 2 0.11
I Orient vaccinators with respect to project, plans, jobs, etc. 2 3 3 3 0.03
J Place order for vaccine 1 2 5 2 0.44
K Call tenders for equipment 10 14 40 18 25.00
L Assign population and post vaccinators. 1 3 10 4 2.25
M Receive vaccine 10 15 30 17 11.11
N Give contract for equipment 1 4 10 5 2.25
O Deliver vaccine at phc 1 2 5 2 0.44
P Receive equipment 7 20 40 21 30.25
Q Deliver equipment at phc 1 3 5 3 0.44
R Conduct public meetings 15 30 100 39 200.69
S Motivate community leaders 10 20 50 23 44.44
T Help vaccinators to develop rapport with the community 7 10 15 10 1.78
U Vaccinate 6 10 20 11 5.44
V Review performance 2 7 15 8 4.69
W Prepare project report and submit it 2 7 20 8 9.00
93. Calculate the path duration, variance and SD for the critical path
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Critical path Expected Duration Variance SD of path
A 17 21.78
10.14
D 8 4.00
K 18 25.00
N 5 2.25
P 21 30.25
Q 3 0.44
U 11 5.44
V 8 4.69
W 8 9.00
Path duration = 99 102.86
94. Calculate the path duration, variance and SD for the path
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Paths te path Variance SD of path
A-C-G-R-U-V-W 95 247.22 15.72
A-C-I-L-T-U-V-W 69 48.34 6.95
A-C-H-S-U-V-W 77 88.83 9.42
A-D-J-M-O-U-V-W 73 56.90 7.54
A-D-K-N-P-Q-U-V-W 99 102.85 10.14
A-E-Q-U-V-W 63 56.04 7.49
B-F-Q-U-V-W 47 31.68 5.63
95. Calculate the z & probability for the given time (99, 125, 140 days)
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Paths te path SD of path z value Probability
A-C-G-R-U-V-W 95 15.72 0.25 0.5987
A-C-I-L-T-U-V-W 69 6.95 4.32 1
A-C-H-S-U-V-W 77 9.42 2.34 0.9904
A-D-J-M-O-U-V-W 73 7.54 3.45 0.9997
A-D-K-N-P-Q-U-V-W 99 10.14 0.00 0.5000
A-E-Q-U-V-W 63 7.49 4.81 1
B-F-Q-U-V-W 47 5.63 9.24 1
96. Calculate the z & probability for the given time (99, 125, 140 days)
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Paths te path SD of path z value Probability
A-C-G-R-U-V-W 95 15.72 1.91 0.9719
A-C-I-L-T-U-V-W 69 6.95 8.06 1
A-C-H-S-U-V-W 77 9.42 5.1 1
A-D-J-M-O-U-V-W 73 7.54 6.9 1
A-D-K-N-P-Q-U-V-W 99 10.14 2.56 0.9948
A-E-Q-U-V-W 63 7.49 8.28 1
B-F-Q-U-V-W 47 5.63 13.85 1
97. Calculate the z & probability for the given time (99, 125, 140 days)
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Paths te path SD of path z value Probability
A-C-G-R-U-V-W 95 15.72 2.86 0.9979
A-C-I-L-T-U-V-W 69 6.95 10.22 1
A-C-H-S-U-V-W 77 9.42 6.69 1
A-D-J-M-O-U-V-W 73 7.54 8.89 1
A-D-K-N-P-Q-U-V-W 99 10.14 4.04 1
A-E-Q-U-V-W 63 7.49 10.28 1
B-F-Q-U-V-W 47 5.63 16.52 1
98. Determine the critical path:
• The critical path is determined by adding the times for the activities in each sequence and
determining the longest path in the project.
• The critical path determines the total calendar time required for the project.
• If activities outside the critical path speed up or slow down (within limits), the total project time
does not change.
• The amount of time that a non-critical path activity can be delayed without delaying the project is
referred to as slack time.
• ES: the earliest time an activity can start, if all preceding activities started as early as possible
• LS: the latest time the activity can start and not delay the project
• EF: the earliest time the activity can finish
• LF: the latest time the activity can finish and not delay the project
• The allowable slippage of time for an activity, as well as for a path, is called slack.
• Slack = L S – E S or Slack = L F – E F
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99. Update the PERT chart as the project progress
1.MS Project
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100. Uses of PERT
• Immunization programs and vaccination drives
• National programs for tuberculosis control
• Malaria control
• Blindness control
• HIV prevention and control
• Mass health education campaign
• Organizing a sanitation drive
• Organizing a family planning camp
• Conducting a training program for health workers
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101. Uses of PERT
• Construction of a new hospital
• Addition of a new wing in the hospital
• Commissioning of Primary Health Centers (PHCs) or Community Health Centers (CHCs)
• Air-conditioning of Hospitals
• Construction and commissioning of an intensive care unit
• Setting up a medical college
• Establishment of a network of Family Planning Welfare Centers
• Construction of a hostel
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102. Advantages of Using PERT
• PERT makes planning much more straightforward
• The time required to complete each task and which task should precede or follow that
particular task becomes easy
• Understand all possible workflows and choose the most efficient and beneficial path
• PERT charts make unclear deadlines more predictable
• Clarify dependencies between tasks and establish a clear order for completing the tasks
• Dependencies can potentially be made into overlapping tasks
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103. Disadvantages of Using PERT
• The charts tend to be quite complex as the project size increases
• Misinterpretation can lead to delays in project completion
• The estimation can go wrong due to human error and unfortunate events
• Developing, Maintaining, and Updating this chart can be expensive
• The PERT chart can extend to multiple pages with several sub-tasks
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104. Reference
12/01/2023 3:24 carra Dr.Chirag Sonkusare 119
1. Akpan NP, Agadaga GO. Modelling Building Renovation Using PERT. Asian Res J Math. 2020 Apr 1;25–38.
2. Loveall LE. PERT| Military contribution to management science.
3. ijrcm-4-IJRCM-4_vol-3_2013_issue-4_April-art-13.pdf.
4. Cottrell WD. Simplified Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT). J Constr Eng Manag. 1999 Jan;125(1):16–22.
5. Mihaela S. THE USE OF GANTT CHARTS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH ORGANIZATIONS. 2007;
6. Trietsch D, Baker KR. PERT 21: Fitting PERT/CPM for use in the 21st century. Int J Proj Manag. 2012 May;30(4):490–502.
7. Gašparíková Z, Leitner B. Application of the PERT Method in Planning of Area Evacuation of Persons. Transp Res Procedia.
2021;55:1547–54.
8. Arora M. Applications of Project Management in Public Health.
9. Ramachandran KK, Karthick KK. Gantt Chart: An Important Tool of Management. 2019;8(7).
10. Poulikakos D, Chinnadurai R, Mcgee Y, Gray S, Clough T, Clarke N, et al. A Quality Improvement Project to Minimize COVID-19
Infections in Patients Receiving Haemodialysis and the Role of Routine Surveillance Using Nose and Throat Swabs for SARS-
CoV-2 rRT-PCR and Serum Antibody Testing. Nephron. 2022;146(4):335–42.
11. Merten W, Martin W. PERT and Planning for Health Programs. Public Health Rep 1896-1970. 1966;81(5):449.
12. Quantitative-methods-in-health-care-management.pdf.
13. Seymour T, Hussein S. The History Of Project Management. Int J Manag Inf Syst IJMIS. 2014 Sep 11;18(4):233.
Program-group of related projects managed in coordinated way and not alone.
Administration: Direction, coordination & control of many persons to achieve objective
Organization- Consciously co-ordinated activity towards common objective
Management- Purposeful & effective use of resources.
Scope- Boundaries of project specific goals- what is expected to accomplish
Formulation & Analysis- To put in clear & definite form of statement- To resolve it in to elements- benefits-risk-need
Planning- work flow, resources, time & cost
Agile System in Health Care: Literature Review January 2019DOI:10.1007/978-981-13-6412-9_61In book: Advances in Industrial and Production Engineering (pp.643-652)Project: Lean Green Agile Manufacturing System
provide simple and easy to understand
Example : A hospital is planning to conduct a vaccination campaign and wants to know what is the maximum duration for completing it ?
Gantt chart,CPM,PERT are tools for planning and coordinating large projects
It gives project managers graphic displays of project activities and allows calculation of a time estimates for the project.
Activities are the project steps that consume resourses(cost) and time.in this we are focusing on time part of project.
It is visual representation of a project’s schedule.
It represents inter-relationship of various activities along with other information like time required for a particular activity.
CPM and PERT are two network diagramming techniques
As a project manager,its easy to get a bit confused at the beginning of a project. The main confusion typically centres around prioritizing the activities it is important to set a logical relationship among the activities so that everyone understands the nature and sequence of the project.
Advantages- it establish clear project workflows
It provide stakeholder with a visual representation of the project progress
Activity- it represents some action and is a resourse and time consuming effort necessary to complete a particular part of overall project.
Event – beginning and end points of an activity
Preceding activity- activity that must be completed/achieve before a given event can occur
Succeeding activity – activity that cannot be achieve/completed until an event has occurred
Concurrent activity – activity taking place at the same time or in the same location
Dummy activity- activity which neither consume time or resourse but are used simply to represent a connection or link between the events
Manhattan Project- U.S. government research project that produced the first atomic bombs during world war 2
CPM is an important tool being used for coordination of various activities involved in a project.it has been used in various fields e.g agriculture,aerospace,building construction,
Hospital and medical science industries
It is used for project of repeated nature
Deterministic – certainity of time will be their .(every outcoming activity is assigned a probability value of 1,means that every activity will be performed)
Probabilistic- variability is their .(every outgoing activity has a certain probability of appearing)
Since project schedules changes on a regular basis, CPM allows continuous monitoring of the schedule, which allows the project manager to track the critical activities, and alert project manager to the possibility that non-critical activities may be delayed beyond their total float,thus creating a new critical path and delaying completion.
ES- the earliest time an activity can start,if all preceding activities started as early as possible.
EF- the earliest time the activity can finish
LS- the latest time the activity can start and not delay the project
LF- the latest time the activity can finish and not delay the project.
Float/slack- the allowable slippage of time for an activity,as well as for a path
Normal time- it is the completion time needed for an activity such that it consumes least cost and normal completion time
Crash time- it is the minimum time in which any activity can be completed but it requires resources, consequently highest cost.
CPM was developed for complex but fairly routine projects with minimal uncertainty in the project completion times.
Since then, all government contractors have been required to use PERT or a similar project analysis technique for all main government contracts.
ARSENAL- a collection of weapons such as guns and explosives
Certain tasks depend on serial tasks, which must be completed in a specific sequence. Tasks that are not dependent on the completion of other tasks are called parallel or concurrent tasks and can generally be worked on simultaneously.
This is generally the shortest time to complete the activity
The completion time has the highest probability
(Note- This time is different from the expected time
The longest time that an activity might require