Seminario Biología molecular
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This document summarizes a study on CD93, a transmembrane glycoprotein that regulates phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and promotes angiogenesis. The study blocked CD93 in pleural mesothelial cells, which fueled anti-lung tumor immune responses. Methods included using western blot, flow cytometry, PCR, and immunohistochemistry to analyze tumor extracellular vesicles and test antibodies. Results found that blocking CD93 increased levels of CCL21a, promoting an anti-tumor response. The discussion notes that extracellular vesicles play roles in tumorigenesis and immunotherapy. Blocking PD-L1 on vesicles inhibited antitumor immunity. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of further researching CD93 and extracellular vesicles to help cancer patients.
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This document provides personal and professional information about Dr. Teh-Ying Chou. It summarizes her educational background, current positions, work experience, research interests and topics. Her research focuses on the pathobiology of lung diseases, including studies on EGFR mutations in lung cancer patients treated with gefitinib, genetic profiling of in situ and invasive lung adenocarcinomas, and the role of Clusterin in epithelial-mesenchymal transitions and metastasis of lung cancer cells. She has published papers on biomarkers for acute respiratory distress syndrome outcomes and the predictive value of EGFR mutations for gefitinib treatment responses in lung cancer.
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This document summarizes a study exploring the effects of baicalein (BAI) on bladder cancer cells. The study found that BAI inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in bladder cancer cells. It also inhibits bladder cancer cell migration by down-regulating microRNA (miR)-106 expression. Specifically, BAI affects bladder cancer cells by inhibiting the JNK and MEK/ERK pathways through reducing miR-106 levels. P21 was also identified as a target of miR-106. The study utilized techniques like transfection, PCR, western blot analysis, and cell migration assays to analyze these regulatory mechanisms and effects of BAI on bladder cancer cells.
Crimson Publishers-Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Can...
Crimson Publishers-Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple Negative Breast Can...CrimsonpublishersCancer
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This document provides a summary of a presentation on molecular signaling pathways and their implications in gynecologic oncology. The presentation discusses various oncogene and tumor suppressor pathways involved in cancer development, including EGFR, VEGFR, Wnt, TGF-β, p53, and others. It also covers DNA damage repair pathways and mechanisms of apoptosis evasion. Targeted therapy approaches for gynecologic cancers are explored, such as monoclonal antibodies (-mabs) targeting receptors and small molecule inhibitors (-nibs) targeting intracellular signaling proteins. Immunotherapy strategies like immune checkpoint inhibitors are also mentioned.
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This document provides a summary of a presentation on molecular signaling pathways and their implications in gynecologic oncology. The presentation discusses several key topics:
1. Hallmarks of cancer development including activation of oncogenes, inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, DNA damage repair pathways, and apoptotic factors.
2. Major signaling pathways in cancer like MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Wnt, TGF-beta, and their roles.
3. Targeted therapy approaches for gynecologic cancers including monoclonal antibodies ("-mabs"), small molecule inhibitors ("-nibs"), drugs targeting DNA repair ("-ribs"), and immunotherapies.
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This document summarizes a study on the effects of inhibiting Notch1 activation to enhance the DNA damage induced by cisplatin in cervical cancer. The study used techniques like western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemistry, and TUNEL assay on cervical cancer cell lines. The results showed that inhibiting Notch1 increased the sensitivity of tumor cells to cisplatin-induced DNA damage. This suggests that inhibiting Notch1 activation could improve the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin for cervical cancer treatment.
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This document discusses targeting the p53 tumor suppressor gene for novel anticancer therapy. It describes p53's role in tumor suppression through growth arrest, apoptosis and blocking angiogenesis. Approaches discussed to target p53 include using chemoradiation or gene therapy to activate wild-type p53, introducing wild-type p53 with viruses, targeting mutant p53 cells with adenovirus, and identifying drugs that selectively kill cancer cells with mutant p53. While increasing p53 can cause premature aging, restoring its endogenous function shows promise for regressing certain cancers without damage to other cells.
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全人關懷獎的簡報
This document provides personal and professional information about Dr. Teh-Ying Chou. It summarizes her educational background, current positions, work experience, research interests and topics. Her research focuses on the pathobiology of lung diseases, including studies on EGFR mutations in lung cancer patients treated with gefitinib, genetic profiling of in situ and invasive lung adenocarcinomas, and the role of Clusterin in epithelial-mesenchymal transitions and metastasis of lung cancer cells. She has published papers on biomarkers for acute respiratory distress syndrome outcomes and the predictive value of EGFR mutations for gefitinib treatment responses in lung cancer.
Keeping Up With Advances in Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarker Testing: Impli...
Keeping Up With Advances in Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarker Testing: Impli...PVI, PeerView Institute for Medical Education
Robert Anders, MD, PhD, Julie R. Brahmer, MD, MSc, and Christopher D. Gocke, MD, prepared useful Practice Aids pertaining to immunotherapy and biomarker testing for this CME/MOC/CC activity titled "Keeping Up With Advances in Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarker Testing: Implications for Pathologists at the Forefront of the Emerging Precision Immuno-Oncology Era." For the full presentation, monograph, complete CME/MOC/CC information, and to apply for credit, please visit us at http://bit.ly/2L7zlSy. CME/MOC/CC credit will be available until May 2, 2020.Seminario biologia molecular
This document summarizes a study exploring the effects of baicalein (BAI) on bladder cancer cells. The study found that BAI inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in bladder cancer cells. It also inhibits bladder cancer cell migration by down-regulating microRNA (miR)-106 expression. Specifically, BAI affects bladder cancer cells by inhibiting the JNK and MEK/ERK pathways through reducing miR-106 levels. P21 was also identified as a target of miR-106. The study utilized techniques like transfection, PCR, western blot analysis, and cell migration assays to analyze these regulatory mechanisms and effects of BAI on bladder cancer cells.
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This document provides a summary of a presentation on molecular signaling pathways and their implications in gynecologic oncology. The presentation discusses various oncogene and tumor suppressor pathways involved in cancer development, including EGFR, VEGFR, Wnt, TGF-β, p53, and others. It also covers DNA damage repair pathways and mechanisms of apoptosis evasion. Targeted therapy approaches for gynecologic cancers are explored, such as monoclonal antibodies (-mabs) targeting receptors and small molecule inhibitors (-nibs) targeting intracellular signaling proteins. Immunotherapy strategies like immune checkpoint inhibitors are also mentioned.
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This document provides a summary of a presentation on molecular signaling pathways and their implications in gynecologic oncology. The presentation discusses several key topics:
1. Hallmarks of cancer development including activation of oncogenes, inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, DNA damage repair pathways, and apoptotic factors.
2. Major signaling pathways in cancer like MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Wnt, TGF-beta, and their roles.
3. Targeted therapy approaches for gynecologic cancers including monoclonal antibodies ("-mabs"), small molecule inhibitors ("-nibs"), drugs targeting DNA repair ("-ribs"), and immunotherapies.
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Seminario biologia molecular- Maria Upegui
This document summarizes a study on the effects of inhibiting Notch1 activation to enhance the DNA damage induced by cisplatin in cervical cancer. The study used techniques like western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemistry, and TUNEL assay on cervical cancer cell lines. The results showed that inhibiting Notch1 increased the sensitivity of tumor cells to cisplatin-induced DNA damage. This suggests that inhibiting Notch1 activation could improve the therapeutic efficacy of cisplatin for cervical cancer treatment.
Targeting p53 for Novel Anticancer Therapy
This document discusses targeting the p53 tumor suppressor gene for novel anticancer therapy. It describes p53's role in tumor suppression through growth arrest, apoptosis and blocking angiogenesis. Approaches discussed to target p53 include using chemoradiation or gene therapy to activate wild-type p53, introducing wild-type p53 with viruses, targeting mutant p53 cells with adenovirus, and identifying drugs that selectively kill cancer cells with mutant p53. While increasing p53 can cause premature aging, restoring its endogenous function shows promise for regressing certain cancers without damage to other cells.
Targeting p53 for novel anticancer therapy
1. The document discusses targeting the p53 tumor suppressor gene for novel anticancer therapies. p53 mutations are found in about 50% of human cancers and disrupt p53's role in processes like growth arrest, apoptosis, and DNA repair.
2. Current approaches to target p53 include activating wild-type p53 with chemotherapy or radiation, introducing wild-type p53 into cancer cells using gene therapy, and developing drugs that selectively kill cancer cells with mutant p53.
3. Gene therapy delivering wild-type p53 using adenoviruses has shown promise in clinical trials in China. Synthetic lethality strategies aim to identify drugs that preferentially kill cancer cells with mutant p53.
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MAP4K1's role in regulating acute myeloid leukemia prognosis and drug resistance against HHT was explored through in vitro and in vivo experiments. Cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle assays were used to analyze protein levels of MAP4K1, JNK, and C-JUN in AML cell lines. The study found that molecular biology tools can help determine various types of DNA and cellular damage, and their diagnostic use in diseases is an important area of medical research.
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This document summarizes key aspects of pancreatic cancer. It begins by defining the pancreas and describing the two main types of pancreatic cancer - adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine tumors. Adenocarcinoma accounts for about 95% of pancreatic cancers. Current treatment options for pancreatic cancer are then outlined, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. The document also provides brief descriptions of two genes - FBP1 and TRIM47 - that are relevant to pancreatic cancer. It concludes by stating that ubiquitination plays a vital role in pancreatic cancer pathogenesis and targeting ubiquitination regulation could be a potential treatment approach.2015 11 Inmunoterapia en nsclc
1) The document discusses tumor immunology and mechanisms of tumor immune evasion. It describes how tumors can downregulate MHC expression, secrete immunosuppressive factors, inhibit T cell function through checkpoint pathways like PD-1/PD-L1, and recruit immunosuppressive cells like Tregs.
2) Checkpoint pathways like CTLA-4 and PD-1 normally regulate T cell activation, but tumors can exploit these pathways to evade immune destruction by overexpressing ligands that bind these inhibitory receptors.
3) Several immunotherapies targeting CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 have been developed including ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrol
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This document summarizes a study examining the expression of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TF-antigen), a mucin-type glycoprotein, in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) using peanut agglutinin (PNA) binding. The study found increased levels of TF-antigen in the serum and tissues of ESCC patients compared to normal individuals. TF-antigen levels did not differ between well, moderately, and poorly differentiated ESCC grades and did not decrease after therapy. Expression of TF-antigen increased with histological progression and was localized to the Golgi apparatus and cell membrane in ESCC tissues. The study establishes TF-antigen as a potential diagnostic marker for ES
Gastroenterology Medicine & Research-Crimson Publishers: Can we Optimize Immu...
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Immunotherapy is revolutionizing oncology, with a simple guiding principle: the host immune system has the potential to eradicate cancer, treatment consisting in optimizing immune actors' functions. Although significant results were demonstrated in patients with melanoma or lung cancer, objective response rate (ORR) is only 20% in digestive oncology. However, we can improve this situation by a better knowledge of anti-tumor immunity. For example, ORR is multiplied by two to three in case of PD-L1 (programmed death-ligand 1) overexpression or microsatellite instability (MSI). In a near future, we will certainly be able to take into account other biomarkers for building composite scores for assigning to each patient with digestive cancer an 'immune identity card' able to strongly predict immunotherapy efficacy.Enhanced NK cell adoptive antitumor effects against breast cancer in vitro
This is the research paper which i have been choosen for presentation "Enhance NK cell adoptive antitumor effects against breast cancer in vitro via blockade of the Transforming Growth Factor-Beta".
Pham2018
This document summarizes recent advances in immunotherapy for solid tumors. It discusses how immunotherapy has established itself as an effective treatment strategy, building on William Coley's pioneering work in the late 1800s using bacteria to elicit anti-tumor immune responses. The document outlines several key immunotherapy approaches, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cellular therapy, strategies to enhance tumor immunogenicity like radiotherapy and oncolytic viruses, and cancer vaccines. It also discusses how tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and immunoscore can help predict cancer prognosis and how the immune system interacts with tumors.
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This document summarizes a study that examined the relationship between arsenic trioxide, intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), and bladder cancer. The study found that arsenic trioxide and BCG work together to counter cancer by disabling the IER3/Nrf2 pathway and promoting IL-6 and IL-8 expression. Various methods were used including RT-qPCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. The results showed that arsenic trioxide and BCG were able to promote apoptosis of bladder tumor cells and decrease tumor volume and weight. The conclusions state that more research is needed to develop innovative cancer treatments using toxic agents and inactivated bacteria.
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The document discusses apoptosis, or programmed cell death, and strategies for targeting apoptosis for disease treatment. It notes that apoptosis is regulated by various molecules and caspase activation plays a key role. Cancer development involves evading apoptosis, so targeting apoptosis is a promising strategy. Several therapeutic agents targeting different apoptosis regulators are in clinical trials, alone or in combination with chemotherapy. Strategies include targeting caspases, death receptor signaling, or modulating other apoptosis components. Successful targeting of apoptosis has been demonstrated in experimental models and holds potential for treating various diseases.
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The document describes a method for identifying interesting concepts in a graph of semantic predications extracted from biomedical literature. Graph features are used as inputs for statistical and rule-based models to classify concepts as interesting or not. The models are trained on user search logs from PubMed and tested on different disease datasets, with the rule-based model achieving the best performance. Physician review found the identified interesting concepts covered a variety of clinical and research categories.
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Molecular genetics is the study of DNA structure, replication, and influence on organisms. Techniques of molecular genetics include gene therapy, amplification, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cell culture, DNA cloning in bacteria, gel electrophoresis, and isolation of DNA. Gene therapy is an experimental technique that uses genes to treat or prevent disease. PCR amplifies a segment of DNA, allowing scientists to study small samples. Cell culture provides model systems to study cell physiology. DNA cloning makes copies of DNA fragments in bacteria. Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments by size. Isolation of DNA extracts free DNA molecules for further analysis. These techniques have applications in medicine, research, forensics, and molecular biology.
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Sipuleucel-T (Provenge) is an autologous cellular immunotherapy for asymptomatic metastatic prostate cancer. It consists of autologous dendritic cells activated ex vivo with a recombinant fusion protein and infused back to the patient to stimulate an immune response against prostate cancer cells. Clinical trials demonstrated a significant survival benefit for patients treated with Sipuleucel-T compared to placebo. Dendreon is preparing for the commercial launch of Provenge in the US and EU, which will require a major manufacturing and logistics effort to process and deliver the personalized immunotherapy to thousands of patients.
Provenge (Sipuleucel T)
1. Sipuleucel-T (Provenge) is an autologous cellular immunotherapy for asymptomatic metastatic prostate cancer that works by activating antigen-presenting cells and T-cells against prostatic acid phosphatase.
2. Clinical trials showed Provenge improved overall survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients.
3. Manufacturing and delivering Provenge presents logistical challenges due to its personalized nature that Dendreon aims to address through an advanced planning system and partnerships.
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The document discusses the role of the semaphorin family of proteins in the development and guidance of sensory and sympathetic nerve fibers. Specifically, it mentions that Sema3A acts as an attractant for sensory fibers, while Sema3F and Sema3C repulse sympathetic nerve fibers. It notes that Sema3A binds primarily to neuropilin1, while Sema3F binds preferentially to neuropilin2 and Sema3C can bind both neuropilin1 and neuropilin2. The action of Sema3A is not limited to the nervous system as its receptor neuropilin1 is expressed on other cell types where it can influence processes like angiogenesis,
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The document discusses factors that contribute to the quality of summaries generated by an automatic summarization system. It examines how the topic being summarized, source documents, and summarization method all impact the results. The system is evaluated by comparing summary content to curated medical resources to determine how well the high-level information is conveyed in a condensed format.
Lo que un reumatólogo debe saber de inmunoterapia contra el cáncer, abreviado
1. The document discusses various mechanisms of cancer immunotherapy including immune checkpoint inhibitors that target CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 pathways.
2. Key immunotherapy drugs discussed are ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, avelumab, and durvalumab which target CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 and have shown efficacy in treating cancers like melanoma, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, and kidney cancer.
3. Several clinical trials are summarized that demonstrate improved survival outcomes for immunotherapy compared to chemotherapy or standard treatments in various cancer types and treatment settings.
Hemodialysis: Chapter 5, Dialyzers Overview - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/Pt1nA32sdHQ
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/uFdc9F0rlP0
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
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Seminario Biología molecular
- 1. UNIVERSIDAD PONTIFICIA BOLIVARIANA María del Mar Álvarez Ruiz TERCER SEMESTRE
- 2. Introduction ¿What is CD93? Is a transmembrane glycoprotein Present in cell–cell adhesion processes and in host defense Regulates phagocytosis of apoptotic cells Promotes angiogenesis both in physiology and disease.
- 3. Introduction Anti - tumoral response
- 4. Blocking of CD93 in pleural mesothelial cells fuels anti-lung tumor immune responses
- 5. Methods BASIS 1. WESTERN BLOT FLOW CYTOMETRY Utilized to identify Tumor extracellular vesicles (TEVs) laboratory technique used to detect a specific protein. 2.WHY IT WAS USED BASIS 1. Laser-based technique used to detect and analyze the chemical and physical characteristics of cells or particles. Recombinant proteins and antibodies were generated to test which antibody was the most effective one to increase CCL21a in p-pMCs. 2.WHY IT WAS USED
- 6. Methods REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR) IMMUNOHISTOCHEMESTRY BASIS 1. Recombinant proteins and antibodies were generated to test which antibody was the most effective one to increase CCL21a in p-pMCs. This tests detect the DNA or RNA of a pathogen or abnormal cells in a sample. 2.WHY IT WAS USED BASIS 1. Recombinant proteins and antibodies were generated to test which antibody was the most effective one to increase CCL21a in p-pMCs. Method that uses antibodies to check for certain antigens (markers) in a sample of tissue. 2.WHY IT WAS USED
- 8. Results
- 9. Discussion AUTHOR WHAT HE SAID AGREE Shen YY, et al. TEVs comprise various components responsible for tumorigenesis or suppression B16F10-EVs reportedly inhibited antitumor immunity by activating PD-1 signaling in T cells via PD-L1 TEV-derived miRNAs have potential roles as biomarkers in tumor diagnosis Chen G, et al. Sun ZQ et al.
- 10. Conclusions The CD93 is known to be envolved in various deseases, not just in lung tumor, but with a similar role, so, for sure, it is pretty important to keep researching about this protein to help with the types of cancer succesfully like this study. 1 2 3 TEVs are crucial for these type of study’s. Its fundamental to keep investigating them for further research on different types of tumor so that we can help millions of people as health professionals. This types of study’s, were they use meticulously the molecular biology are crucial so that we can help our patients. With this study we learn that the investigation of these small particles like CD93 is the good path to find good outcomes for all the people with this type of deseases.