This study investigated the inhibitory effects of propranolol on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer cells. It focused on the 4T1 murine mammary adenocarcinoma cell line. The study identified miR-499-5p and its target gene Sox6 as key factors in EMT inhibited by propranolol. Results showed that propranolol treatment reduced EMT and metastasis by increasing miR-499-5p levels and decreasing Sox6 expression in breast cancer cells. The findings suggest propranolol may have therapeutic potential for breast cancer treatment by inhibiting EMT.

1. Seminario biología molecular.
Juliana Sofia Benavides Guerrero.
Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana.
III semestre.

2. It is a biological process in which
epithelial cells acquire
characteristics of mesenchymal
cells
Facilitates the ability of cells to
move and spread from the
original tumor site to other
tissues in the body, known as
metastasis.
EMT (EPITHELIAL TO
MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION)

3. Tumor
microenvironment
Metastasis
Uncontrolled cell
growth
Genetics
Hormones
Growth factors
1
2
3
4
5
6
BREAST CANCER
It is a disease caused by changes in breast cells that
cause uncontrolled cell growth. Some of the main
biological causes of breast cancer include:

4. This study will focus on 4T1 cells, a
murine mammary
adenocarcinoma cell line, as the
primary research subject. We aim
to investigate the inhibitory
effects and mechanisms of
propranolol on epithelial–
mesenchymal transition (EMT) in
breast cancer cells, aiming to
elucidate this phenomenon at the
miRNA level.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE

5. 1.Sequencing
Second-generation sequencing (SGS)
2.RT‐PCR
It is used to extract, reverse transcribe
and analyze the expression of mRNA and
miRNA. Specific kits were used for
reverse transcription and qPCR
They also used internal controls and
primer sequences for amplification.
METHODS
miRNA and mRNA samples extracted
the sequencing data were processed and
analyzed.
Then, miRNA and mRNA expressions were
compared between the control and
propranolol-treated groups.5

6. 4.Western blots
Total protein was extracted from tumor
cells, protein concentration was analyzed,
and electrophoresis was performed to
separate proteins.
4.Immunohistochemistry
presence of specific antibodies, such as
E-cadherin and vimentin in tumor
tissues. provides information on the
expression and distribution of these
proteins at the cellular level in the
context of the tumor.
METHODS

7. RESULTS
FIGURE 1 FIGURE 2

8. RESULTS
FIGURE 3 FIGURE 4

9. Bowles
(2000)
Singh y
Settleman
(2010)
Wolter (2014)
DISCUSSION
“Sox6 is a member of the
SoxD subfamily and is
involved in organ
development and various
physiological proc”.
Agree
“ When tumor cells undergo
EMT, there is a significant
alteration in intercellular
adhesion, invasion, and
migration abilities, establishing
the fundamental conditions
for distant metas- tasis of
tumor”.
“In recent years there has
been notable progress in
propranolol research in the
field of cancer, with studies
demonstrating its antitumor
effects in neuroblastoma.”.
Agree
Agree
Author What did they say? Agree or
disagree

10. CONCLUSIONS
2. This study highlights the
importance of combining different
experimental techniques, such as
next-generation sequencing and
molecular validation, to understand
the molecular mechanisms involved
in cancer progression and develop
more effective and specific
treatments.
1. Research in molecular biology
and medicine, such as that carried
out in this study, is essential to
identify new therapeutic
strategies against breast cancer,
such as the use of propranolol to
inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal
transition (EMT) and reduce the
Lung metastasis.

11. 4T1 CELLS AND MURINE MAMMARY
ADENOCARCINOMA
PROPRANOLOL AND ITS
INHIBITORY EFFECT
This was the cell line
that was used in this
study.
Was the type of
cancer investigated
in the study
EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL
TRANSITION (EMT):
MIARN (MICROARN) Y
SOX6
METHODS USED
Its inhibitory effect
on epithelial-
mesenchymal
transition (EMT) is
studied.
Transformation of
epithelial cells into
mesenchymal cells,
allowing cancer
progression.
Identification of
miRNAs involved in
EMT, such as miR-
499-5p.
Identification of
Sox6 as a functional
miR-499-5p gene.
Sequencing
RT‐PCR
Western blots
Immunohistochemistry
This study will focus on 4T1 cells, a murine mammary adenocarcinoma cell line.
The goal is to investigate the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of propranolol on
epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in breast cancer cells, with the goal of
elucidating . this phenomenon at the miRNA level.
Results and conclusions
1.Inhibition of EMT by propranolol.
2. Identification of miR-499-5p
and Sox6 as key factors.
3. Therapeutic potential of
propranolol in the treatment of
breast cancer.
Propranolol inhibits EMT and metastasis in breast
cancer through miR‐499‐5p‐mediated Sox6