Tissue Culture teak
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The technique of plant tissue culture, i.e., culturing plant cells or tissues in artificial medium supplemented with required nutrients, has many applications in efficient clonal propagation (true to the type or similar) which may be difficult via conventional breeding methods. https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
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Recomendados
11b.Protected cultivation of capsicum.ppt
1) Capsicum is best grown under protected cultivation with day temperatures below 30°C and night temperatures between 16-18°C. Optimal spacing is 45x30cm in beds with drip irrigation and fertigation.
2) Pruning to four main branches per plant trained on a trellis yields highest quality fruits. Closer spacing of 45x30cm with four-branch pruning is most profitable.
3) Natural ventilation or shade houses with misting are suitable growing conditions, with shade houses requiring lower operational costs. Pollinators like bumblebees improve fruit shape in cooler conditions.
PROTECTED CULTIVATION OF CAPSICUM
Capsicum is a cool season crop suitable for protected cultivation in greenhouses. It has high yields of 100-120 t/ha compared to open field yields of 20-40 t/ha. Hybrid varieties with thick fleshy fruits like Indira, Mahabharat and Orobelle are well-suited for greenhouse production. Seedlings are raised in nursery beds and transplanted to growing beds in greenhouses at a spacing of 45x30 cm. Drip irrigation and fertigation are provided. Pruning and training plants on twine supports maintains 4-6 fruiting branches per plant. Harvesting starts at 60 days and continues until plants cease bearing at 180-270 days. Yields of 10-12 kg/
Dinanath Grass.pptx
This document provides information on Dinanath grass, including:
- It is a tall, erect, annual bunch grass that is pink or white in color and a heavy seed producer.
- It is native to north tropical Africa and India, and distributed in parts of India and West Africa.
- It prefers warm climates with annual rainfall between 800-1250mm and grows best on medium textured, light soils.
- Guidelines are provided for land preparation, sowing, fertilizer use, and yields for fodder and seed production. Seed production standards require the land be free of the crop for 5 seasons for foundation seed and free of volunteers for certified seed.
rejuvenation-160812184650.pdf
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6gurnhfjjfjrieihshhejdijjebbdjfiskjjdjdkkbdbbdjjfjrkdjvhjj
Rejuvenation
Rejuvenation techniques like pruning, manuring, thinning shoots, and controlling pests and diseases can help restore productivity and vitality to old orchards. Top working methods such as cleft grafting and wedge grafting involve grafting desirable scions or shoots onto the branches or trunks of existing trees to convert them to more profitable varieties. Bridge grafting can repair tree injuries by grafting scions between the damaged section and healthy crown to restore nutrient transport.
Pear_Ppt.ppt
- Pear is cultivated in India, mainly in temperate regions, with Punjab being a major producing state. The main varieties grown are Patharnakh, Punjab Beauty, Baggugosha, LeConte, and Kieffer.
- Pear trees are propagated through budding, grafting, and hardwood cuttings. Planting is done in January-February with a spacing of 7.5m between trees. Training involves the modified leader system.
- Pear requires irrigation in summer, manuring, and spraying for deficiencies. Intercropping is done in young orchards. Harvesting is based on changes in fruit color and firmness.
Cashew
The document provides information on the cashew tree. It describes the cashew tree's origin in northeastern Brazil and introduction to India in the 16th century. It discusses the tree's morphology, cultivation requirements, common varieties, pests and diseases, processing methods, and uses of cashew apples, nuts, and other parts of the tree. The document is an overview of cashew production that is less than 3 sentences.
Oil palm.pptx
The document provides information on oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), including that it is the most productive oil-bearing crop producing 3 times the oil of coconut. It is native to West Africa and produces two distinct oils - palm oil and palm kernel oil. India cultivates oil palm on around 1.64 lakh hectares annually producing 20 tonnes per hectare. The document outlines ideal growing conditions, cultivation practices from nursery to harvesting, common varieties including Dura, Pisifera and high-yielding Tenera hybrids, and describes nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency symptoms and their management.
Recomendados
11b.Protected cultivation of capsicum.ppt
1) Capsicum is best grown under protected cultivation with day temperatures below 30°C and night temperatures between 16-18°C. Optimal spacing is 45x30cm in beds with drip irrigation and fertigation.
2) Pruning to four main branches per plant trained on a trellis yields highest quality fruits. Closer spacing of 45x30cm with four-branch pruning is most profitable.
3) Natural ventilation or shade houses with misting are suitable growing conditions, with shade houses requiring lower operational costs. Pollinators like bumblebees improve fruit shape in cooler conditions.
PROTECTED CULTIVATION OF CAPSICUM
Capsicum is a cool season crop suitable for protected cultivation in greenhouses. It has high yields of 100-120 t/ha compared to open field yields of 20-40 t/ha. Hybrid varieties with thick fleshy fruits like Indira, Mahabharat and Orobelle are well-suited for greenhouse production. Seedlings are raised in nursery beds and transplanted to growing beds in greenhouses at a spacing of 45x30 cm. Drip irrigation and fertigation are provided. Pruning and training plants on twine supports maintains 4-6 fruiting branches per plant. Harvesting starts at 60 days and continues until plants cease bearing at 180-270 days. Yields of 10-12 kg/
Dinanath Grass.pptx
This document provides information on Dinanath grass, including:
- It is a tall, erect, annual bunch grass that is pink or white in color and a heavy seed producer.
- It is native to north tropical Africa and India, and distributed in parts of India and West Africa.
- It prefers warm climates with annual rainfall between 800-1250mm and grows best on medium textured, light soils.
- Guidelines are provided for land preparation, sowing, fertilizer use, and yields for fodder and seed production. Seed production standards require the land be free of the crop for 5 seasons for foundation seed and free of volunteers for certified seed.
rejuvenation-160812184650.pdf
Vvhdd 6gurnhfjjfjrieihshhejdijjebbdjfiskjjdjdkkbdbbdjjfjrkdj
6gurnhfjjfjrieihshhejdijjebbdjfiskjjdjdkkbdbbdjjfjrkdjvhjj
Rejuvenation
Rejuvenation techniques like pruning, manuring, thinning shoots, and controlling pests and diseases can help restore productivity and vitality to old orchards. Top working methods such as cleft grafting and wedge grafting involve grafting desirable scions or shoots onto the branches or trunks of existing trees to convert them to more profitable varieties. Bridge grafting can repair tree injuries by grafting scions between the damaged section and healthy crown to restore nutrient transport.
Pear_Ppt.ppt
- Pear is cultivated in India, mainly in temperate regions, with Punjab being a major producing state. The main varieties grown are Patharnakh, Punjab Beauty, Baggugosha, LeConte, and Kieffer.
- Pear trees are propagated through budding, grafting, and hardwood cuttings. Planting is done in January-February with a spacing of 7.5m between trees. Training involves the modified leader system.
- Pear requires irrigation in summer, manuring, and spraying for deficiencies. Intercropping is done in young orchards. Harvesting is based on changes in fruit color and firmness.
Cashew
The document provides information on the cashew tree. It describes the cashew tree's origin in northeastern Brazil and introduction to India in the 16th century. It discusses the tree's morphology, cultivation requirements, common varieties, pests and diseases, processing methods, and uses of cashew apples, nuts, and other parts of the tree. The document is an overview of cashew production that is less than 3 sentences.
Oil palm.pptx
The document provides information on oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), including that it is the most productive oil-bearing crop producing 3 times the oil of coconut. It is native to West Africa and produces two distinct oils - palm oil and palm kernel oil. India cultivates oil palm on around 1.64 lakh hectares annually producing 20 tonnes per hectare. The document outlines ideal growing conditions, cultivation practices from nursery to harvesting, common varieties including Dura, Pisifera and high-yielding Tenera hybrids, and describes nitrogen and phosphorus deficiency symptoms and their management.
farm forestry
silviculture practices of (Tamarindus indica)
youtube channel linkage video - https://youtu.be/a0mZkfgHhEQ
every notes provide in my account
plz follow ,like and share this video
plz comment me any which notes you require related to agriculture
#slideshare
Tulsi ppt
This document provides information about the cultivation and processing of the medicinal plant Ocimum tenuiflorum, also known as tulsi. It discusses the parts and varieties of tulsi plants, their medicinal uses, cultivation methods including soil and climate requirements, irrigation, manure and fertilizers, pest management, harvesting, and post-harvest processing. It also includes a cost-benefit analysis of tulsi farming and information about government loans and subsidies available to support tulsi cultivation in India.
Training and pruning in tea By- Shivanand M.R
Pruning and training are important operations in tea management. Pruning removes old wood and stimulates new lateral growth, while training establishes the plant structure. Common pruning methods include decentering, bending, pegging, and frame forming prunes. Pruning is done periodically based on factors like growth rate, starch reserves, and pest/disease risk. The timing, severity, and cycle of pruning varies depending on conditions like shade, soil, elevation, and desired crop levels. Pruning rejuvenates tea bushes and regulates crop production.
Production technology of Capsicum.ppt
This document provides information on greenhouse cultivation of capsicum. It discusses climate and soil requirements, recommended hybrid varieties, nursery preparation, growing beds, fertilizer application, drip irrigation, pruning, training, and other cultivation practices. The optimal temperature range for capsicum is 26-28°C during the day and 16-18°C at night. Recommended hybrid varieties include IIHR Bangalore, Mahabharat, Indra, and Flavio which have yields of 16-100 t/ha and maturity periods of 65-150 days.
Organic farming of cucumber
Organic farming is the increasing trend n vegetable farming. The customer wants the vegetables of good quality and free from any hazards.
cutivation practice minor vegetables
This document provides information on several minor vegetables: yam, portulaca, amaran, chayote, taro, and cassava. It discusses their origins, varieties, soil and climate needs, cultivation practices like planting, manuring, and harvesting, as well as yields and uses. The key points covered are the nutritional and economic importance of minor vegetables, their cultivation for household consumption, and processing into foods like flour or as cooked vegetables.
Only Moso presentazione mr. Tan
Moso bamboo is a fast growing species native to China. It can reach heights of 10-18 meters and has many economic and environmental benefits. Moso requires sub-tropical climates, fertile soil, and proper cultivation techniques to realize its high productivity potential over a lifespan of 200 years with management or 40-60 years without. Its uses include construction materials, furniture, fuel, pulp/paper, textiles, food, and more, contributing greatly to China's bamboo industry and economy.
Anthurium Crop Production
- Anthuriums are tropical flowering plants native to South America that are popular for flower arrangements.
- They are commercially important and the Netherlands is the leading producer and exporter.
- There are different cultivars available in colors like red, white, orange and green.
- Anthuriums grow best in partial shade and require proper irrigation and fertilization to thrive.
- They are propagated through suckers and micropropagation and produce flowers that are harvested when fully bloomed.
Marjoram
Marjoram is a perennial herb native to Southern Europe that is cultivated for its leaves and flower heads, which contain high levels of terpenes and linalool. It is grown for use in the food and fragrance industries. Major producers and consumers of marjoram oil include France, Egypt, and the United States. The document provides details on propagating, growing, harvesting, and distilling marjoram for medicinal and commercial purposes.
Cultivation pratices of walnut and hazel nut
This document provides information on the package of practices for walnut and pecan nuts. It discusses the taxonomy, varieties, climate and soil requirements, propagation methods, planting, training, pruning, fertilization, pollination, maturity, harvesting and post-harvest management practices for both crops. The key production areas for walnuts in India are Jammu-Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Arunachal Pradesh. Pecans require a warm temperate climate with a long frost-free period for nut development.
citrusshiva.pdf
This document provides information on growing citrus fruits in the subtropical areas of Himachal Pradesh, India. It discusses the climate, soil, recommended varieties, planting methods, canopy management, irrigation, nutrition, harvesting, packaging, storage, yields, and diseases of citrus. The optimal temperature range for citrus growth is 13-37°C. Deep, well-draining soils between pH 5.5-7.5 are suitable. Varieties recommended include Mosambi, Jaffa, and Malta Blood Red. Proper pruning, irrigation, fertilization, and integrated pest management are needed to maximize yields of 50-55 kg per plant.
Lec 7 Clove.edited pptx-23.pptx
This document summarizes information about cloves, including their origin in Indonesia, major producing countries, and uses. Cloves are a medium-sized tree that is grown commercially in Sri Lanka. They thrive in tropical climates with ample rainfall and temperature between 20-30 degrees Celsius. Cloves are propagated through seeds and grown at a spacing of 20 feet by 20 feet. They are harvested when flower petals change color, yielding about 250 kg/ha on average. Buds are dried and can be stored for 1-2 years. Sri Lanka has standards for moisture content and purity levels for graded cloves.
Production Technology of Periwinkle
Periwinkle is a herbaceous plant native to Madagascar that is cultivated for its medicinal properties. It contains over 100 alkaloids, notably vinblastine and vincristine, which are used to treat cancer. Periwinkle can be propagated through seeds or cuttings and grows well in tropical and subtropical climates with warm temperatures and adequate rainfall. It requires minimal care and can be harvested for its leaves, stems, and roots after 6-12 months, yielding up to 4 tons/hectare of dried leaves and 1.5 tons each of dried stems and roots under irrigation. The document provides details on cultivation methods, growth requirements, pests and diseases, and chemical constituents of periw
Dioscorea deltoidea l. and their phyto chemical and phyto constituents
This document provides information on Dioscorea deltoidea L., commonly known as yam. It discusses the plant's classification, geographical distribution, introduction, uses, chemical constituents, climate and soil requirements, agro-techniques including propagation, nursery techniques, planting, intercropping, maintenance, irrigation, weed control, harvest management, post-harvest handling, yield, and economics of cultivation. D. deltoidea is a tuberous vine found in the Himalayas from Kashmir to Nepal. Its tubers are used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat various health conditions and its cultivation requires sandy loam soil and humid climate.
Durian secondary crop
Durian is known as the "king of fruits" in Southeast Asia due to its unique flavor and aroma. While most Asians admire its taste, Westerners often find the odor overpowering and unpleasant. The document then provides detailed information about the durian tree and fruit, including its scientific name, origin, season, physical characteristics, cultivation methods, pests and diseases. It also discusses durian production, harvesting techniques, marketing and exports. Durian is mainly produced in Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia for domestic consumption as well as limited exports to nearby countries.
spinach production tech
This document provides information on the production technology of spinach. It discusses the introduction, nutritive value, benefits, botany, climate requirements, cultivation practices including varieties, and diseases and pests of spinach. The key points covered are that spinach is a cool season crop rich in nutrients like iron and vitamins K and A. It details different spinach varieties including savoy, semi-savoy and smooth leaf types and their characteristics. The document also outlines the soil and climate preferences as well as cultivation practices for spinach.
Production technology of spinach vanisree
This document provides information on the production technology of spinach. It discusses the introduction, nutritive value, benefits, botany, cultivation practices including climate, soil, seasons, establishment, manures, irrigation, diseases and pests of spinach. The key points covered are that spinach is a cool season crop rich in nutrients like iron and vitamins K and A. It details different spinach varieties including savoy, semi-savoy and smooth leaf types and provides cultivation details for optimal spinach growth.
production technology of tamarind
tamarind is regarded as a multipurpose tree. It is widely used as a spice crop for seasoning of food and may also be consumed either fresh or as a processed product. In India the commercial cultivation is mainly done in Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Maharashtra, also in some other states but to a lesser extent. It is also grown as a homestead crop in many regions of the country. this presentation deals with the propagation aspects of the crop because although seed propagation is successful, there are vegetative methods of propagation which can be carried out in order to get a better plant
Seed productin technology of okra or ladys finger
Okra is commonly known as 'bhendi' or lady's finger, native to tropical Africa but widely cultivated in South Asia. It grows best in warm temperatures between 18-35°C and requires well-drained soils like sandy loams. Cultural practices for seed production include sowing in rows spaced 60x30-45cm, thinning to one plant per hill, and four hand weedings. Pests like jassids and diseases like yellow vein mosaic are controlled through spraying. Seeds are harvested when pods dry and turn brown, threshed, dried, and processed to yield 1000-1200 kg per hectare.
Stevia production
Stevia is a perennial shrub native to South America. It is grown as an annual crop for its sweet-tasting leaves which contain steviol glycosides, compounds up to 300 times sweeter than sugar but with no calories. Stevia prefers well-drained soil and a climate with moderate temperatures. It is propagated through stem cuttings and transplanted as seedlings. Harvesting occurs after 3-4 months, yielding a dried leaf powder high in steviol glycosides which is used as a natural sweetener.
Parijata Flower - night flowering jasmine PPT.pptx
Parijat, that goes by the scientific name Nyctanthes arbor tristis belongs to the Oleaceae family. It is a small tree or a shrub growing up to 33 feet tall with a grey flaky bark. The leaves are quite broad, lanceolate with a margin. The flowers look breath-taking with 5 to 8 white corolla petals, having an orangish-red centre. They mainly bloom at night, and fall down as the dawn appears, forming the white icy carpet. The fruit of this plant is brown in colour, round to heart shaped capsule of 2 cm diameter containing a single seed. Parijat chiefly grows on rocky ground in dry hill shades, dry deciduous forests or at sea-level up to 1500 m altitude with a wide range of rainfall patterns, from seasonal to non-seasonal and is tolerant to moderate shade. It thrives well in a wide variety of loamy soils and in soils found in average gardening environments. This flower is found in abundance in West Bengal, India and also in Kanchanaburi Province in Thailand. Parijat is loaded with medicinal qualities and is native to Southeast Asia and South Asia.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Cauliflower
They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. cauliflower, ( Brassica oleracea, variety botrytis ), highly modified form of cabbage in the mustard family ( Brassicaceae ), grown for its edible masses of partially developed flower structures and fleshy stalks.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Más contenido relacionado
Similar a Tissue Culture teak
farm forestry
silviculture practices of (Tamarindus indica)
youtube channel linkage video - https://youtu.be/a0mZkfgHhEQ
every notes provide in my account
plz follow ,like and share this video
plz comment me any which notes you require related to agriculture
#slideshare
Tulsi ppt
This document provides information about the cultivation and processing of the medicinal plant Ocimum tenuiflorum, also known as tulsi. It discusses the parts and varieties of tulsi plants, their medicinal uses, cultivation methods including soil and climate requirements, irrigation, manure and fertilizers, pest management, harvesting, and post-harvest processing. It also includes a cost-benefit analysis of tulsi farming and information about government loans and subsidies available to support tulsi cultivation in India.
Training and pruning in tea By- Shivanand M.R
Pruning and training are important operations in tea management. Pruning removes old wood and stimulates new lateral growth, while training establishes the plant structure. Common pruning methods include decentering, bending, pegging, and frame forming prunes. Pruning is done periodically based on factors like growth rate, starch reserves, and pest/disease risk. The timing, severity, and cycle of pruning varies depending on conditions like shade, soil, elevation, and desired crop levels. Pruning rejuvenates tea bushes and regulates crop production.
Production technology of Capsicum.ppt
This document provides information on greenhouse cultivation of capsicum. It discusses climate and soil requirements, recommended hybrid varieties, nursery preparation, growing beds, fertilizer application, drip irrigation, pruning, training, and other cultivation practices. The optimal temperature range for capsicum is 26-28°C during the day and 16-18°C at night. Recommended hybrid varieties include IIHR Bangalore, Mahabharat, Indra, and Flavio which have yields of 16-100 t/ha and maturity periods of 65-150 days.
Organic farming of cucumber
Organic farming is the increasing trend n vegetable farming. The customer wants the vegetables of good quality and free from any hazards.
cutivation practice minor vegetables
This document provides information on several minor vegetables: yam, portulaca, amaran, chayote, taro, and cassava. It discusses their origins, varieties, soil and climate needs, cultivation practices like planting, manuring, and harvesting, as well as yields and uses. The key points covered are the nutritional and economic importance of minor vegetables, their cultivation for household consumption, and processing into foods like flour or as cooked vegetables.
Only Moso presentazione mr. Tan
Moso bamboo is a fast growing species native to China. It can reach heights of 10-18 meters and has many economic and environmental benefits. Moso requires sub-tropical climates, fertile soil, and proper cultivation techniques to realize its high productivity potential over a lifespan of 200 years with management or 40-60 years without. Its uses include construction materials, furniture, fuel, pulp/paper, textiles, food, and more, contributing greatly to China's bamboo industry and economy.
Anthurium Crop Production
- Anthuriums are tropical flowering plants native to South America that are popular for flower arrangements.
- They are commercially important and the Netherlands is the leading producer and exporter.
- There are different cultivars available in colors like red, white, orange and green.
- Anthuriums grow best in partial shade and require proper irrigation and fertilization to thrive.
- They are propagated through suckers and micropropagation and produce flowers that are harvested when fully bloomed.
Marjoram
Marjoram is a perennial herb native to Southern Europe that is cultivated for its leaves and flower heads, which contain high levels of terpenes and linalool. It is grown for use in the food and fragrance industries. Major producers and consumers of marjoram oil include France, Egypt, and the United States. The document provides details on propagating, growing, harvesting, and distilling marjoram for medicinal and commercial purposes.
Cultivation pratices of walnut and hazel nut
This document provides information on the package of practices for walnut and pecan nuts. It discusses the taxonomy, varieties, climate and soil requirements, propagation methods, planting, training, pruning, fertilization, pollination, maturity, harvesting and post-harvest management practices for both crops. The key production areas for walnuts in India are Jammu-Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Arunachal Pradesh. Pecans require a warm temperate climate with a long frost-free period for nut development.
citrusshiva.pdf
This document provides information on growing citrus fruits in the subtropical areas of Himachal Pradesh, India. It discusses the climate, soil, recommended varieties, planting methods, canopy management, irrigation, nutrition, harvesting, packaging, storage, yields, and diseases of citrus. The optimal temperature range for citrus growth is 13-37°C. Deep, well-draining soils between pH 5.5-7.5 are suitable. Varieties recommended include Mosambi, Jaffa, and Malta Blood Red. Proper pruning, irrigation, fertilization, and integrated pest management are needed to maximize yields of 50-55 kg per plant.
Lec 7 Clove.edited pptx-23.pptx
This document summarizes information about cloves, including their origin in Indonesia, major producing countries, and uses. Cloves are a medium-sized tree that is grown commercially in Sri Lanka. They thrive in tropical climates with ample rainfall and temperature between 20-30 degrees Celsius. Cloves are propagated through seeds and grown at a spacing of 20 feet by 20 feet. They are harvested when flower petals change color, yielding about 250 kg/ha on average. Buds are dried and can be stored for 1-2 years. Sri Lanka has standards for moisture content and purity levels for graded cloves.
Production Technology of Periwinkle
Periwinkle is a herbaceous plant native to Madagascar that is cultivated for its medicinal properties. It contains over 100 alkaloids, notably vinblastine and vincristine, which are used to treat cancer. Periwinkle can be propagated through seeds or cuttings and grows well in tropical and subtropical climates with warm temperatures and adequate rainfall. It requires minimal care and can be harvested for its leaves, stems, and roots after 6-12 months, yielding up to 4 tons/hectare of dried leaves and 1.5 tons each of dried stems and roots under irrigation. The document provides details on cultivation methods, growth requirements, pests and diseases, and chemical constituents of periw
Dioscorea deltoidea l. and their phyto chemical and phyto constituents
This document provides information on Dioscorea deltoidea L., commonly known as yam. It discusses the plant's classification, geographical distribution, introduction, uses, chemical constituents, climate and soil requirements, agro-techniques including propagation, nursery techniques, planting, intercropping, maintenance, irrigation, weed control, harvest management, post-harvest handling, yield, and economics of cultivation. D. deltoidea is a tuberous vine found in the Himalayas from Kashmir to Nepal. Its tubers are used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat various health conditions and its cultivation requires sandy loam soil and humid climate.
Durian secondary crop
Durian is known as the "king of fruits" in Southeast Asia due to its unique flavor and aroma. While most Asians admire its taste, Westerners often find the odor overpowering and unpleasant. The document then provides detailed information about the durian tree and fruit, including its scientific name, origin, season, physical characteristics, cultivation methods, pests and diseases. It also discusses durian production, harvesting techniques, marketing and exports. Durian is mainly produced in Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia for domestic consumption as well as limited exports to nearby countries.
spinach production tech
This document provides information on the production technology of spinach. It discusses the introduction, nutritive value, benefits, botany, climate requirements, cultivation practices including varieties, and diseases and pests of spinach. The key points covered are that spinach is a cool season crop rich in nutrients like iron and vitamins K and A. It details different spinach varieties including savoy, semi-savoy and smooth leaf types and their characteristics. The document also outlines the soil and climate preferences as well as cultivation practices for spinach.
Production technology of spinach vanisree
This document provides information on the production technology of spinach. It discusses the introduction, nutritive value, benefits, botany, cultivation practices including climate, soil, seasons, establishment, manures, irrigation, diseases and pests of spinach. The key points covered are that spinach is a cool season crop rich in nutrients like iron and vitamins K and A. It details different spinach varieties including savoy, semi-savoy and smooth leaf types and provides cultivation details for optimal spinach growth.
production technology of tamarind
tamarind is regarded as a multipurpose tree. It is widely used as a spice crop for seasoning of food and may also be consumed either fresh or as a processed product. In India the commercial cultivation is mainly done in Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Maharashtra, also in some other states but to a lesser extent. It is also grown as a homestead crop in many regions of the country. this presentation deals with the propagation aspects of the crop because although seed propagation is successful, there are vegetative methods of propagation which can be carried out in order to get a better plant
Seed productin technology of okra or ladys finger
Okra is commonly known as 'bhendi' or lady's finger, native to tropical Africa but widely cultivated in South Asia. It grows best in warm temperatures between 18-35°C and requires well-drained soils like sandy loams. Cultural practices for seed production include sowing in rows spaced 60x30-45cm, thinning to one plant per hill, and four hand weedings. Pests like jassids and diseases like yellow vein mosaic are controlled through spraying. Seeds are harvested when pods dry and turn brown, threshed, dried, and processed to yield 1000-1200 kg per hectare.
Stevia production
Stevia is a perennial shrub native to South America. It is grown as an annual crop for its sweet-tasting leaves which contain steviol glycosides, compounds up to 300 times sweeter than sugar but with no calories. Stevia prefers well-drained soil and a climate with moderate temperatures. It is propagated through stem cuttings and transplanted as seedlings. Harvesting occurs after 3-4 months, yielding a dried leaf powder high in steviol glycosides which is used as a natural sweetener.
Similar a Tissue Culture teak (20)
Dioscorea deltoidea l. and their phyto chemical and phyto constituents
Dioscorea deltoidea l. and their phyto chemical and phyto constituents
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Parijata Flower - night flowering jasmine PPT.pptx
Parijat, that goes by the scientific name Nyctanthes arbor tristis belongs to the Oleaceae family. It is a small tree or a shrub growing up to 33 feet tall with a grey flaky bark. The leaves are quite broad, lanceolate with a margin. The flowers look breath-taking with 5 to 8 white corolla petals, having an orangish-red centre. They mainly bloom at night, and fall down as the dawn appears, forming the white icy carpet. The fruit of this plant is brown in colour, round to heart shaped capsule of 2 cm diameter containing a single seed. Parijat chiefly grows on rocky ground in dry hill shades, dry deciduous forests or at sea-level up to 1500 m altitude with a wide range of rainfall patterns, from seasonal to non-seasonal and is tolerant to moderate shade. It thrives well in a wide variety of loamy soils and in soils found in average gardening environments. This flower is found in abundance in West Bengal, India and also in Kanchanaburi Province in Thailand. Parijat is loaded with medicinal qualities and is native to Southeast Asia and South Asia.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Cauliflower
They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. cauliflower, ( Brassica oleracea, variety botrytis ), highly modified form of cabbage in the mustard family ( Brassicaceae ), grown for its edible masses of partially developed flower structures and fleshy stalks.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Coleus scutellarioides
Buy the Coleus Giant Exhibition plant online from Santhi online plants nursery website.
Coleus Giant Exhibition is a beautiful, colorful, and easy-to-grow plant that’s perfect for any indoor or outdoor space. It’s a great addition to any home or office. These plants have been bred for their showy colors, and there is no need to worry about watering since they love dry soil. You can buy cheap plants online from our website. The plant produces giant, densely-packed foliage that is deep green on top and a candy apple red and white on the bottom. This variety can be propagated easily. and can be grown in both the ground and in a pot. We offer online plants from our state-of-the-art nursery.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
moringa
Also known as the drumstick tree, the miracle tree, the ben oil tree, or the horseradish tree, people have used moringa for centuries due to its health benefits. In this article, find out what moringa is, which benefits it might offer, and possible side effects.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Pomegranate
pomegranate, ( Punica granatum ), bush or small tree of the family Lythraceae and its fruit. The juicy arils of the fruit are eaten fresh, and the juice is the source of grenadine syrup, used in flavourings and liqueurs. Pomegranate is high in dietary fibre, folic acid, vitamin C, and vitamin K.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Cauliflower
cauliflower, ( Brassica oleracea, variety botrytis ), highly modified form of cabbage in the mustard family ( Brassicaceae ), grown for its edible masses of partially developed flower structures and fleshy stalks. Cauliflower is high in vitamins C and K and is frequently served as a cooked vegetable or used raw in salads and relishes.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Brinjal
Immature fruits are used in curries and a variety of dishes are prepared out of brinjal. Fruits are moderate sources of vitamins and minerals like phosphorous, calcium and iron and nutritive value varies from variety to variety. Brinjal is a warm season crop and requires a long warm growing season. It is very susceptible to frost.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Bougainvillea
Bougainvillea is a popular ornamental plant grown for its colorful bracts that add color to surrounding areas. It is commonly used in parks, homes, and institutions as bushes, climbers, hedges, topiaries, standards, pot plants, and bonsai. Bougainvillea is drought and pollution resistant and can grow in a wide range of climates and soil types. Research institutes and universities have developed many cultivars of Bougainvillea in India due to its ornamental and commercial importance. Bougainvillea flowers are tubular with bright colored bracts that attract beneficial insects and the plants can be propagated through hardwood cuttings.
Bottle Gourd
The bottle gourd is a vigorous, annual climbing vine grown commonly in India. It produces large leaves and fruit in various shapes depending on variety. Popular varieties include CO1, PKM 1, and Pusa Megdoot. The best season for sowing is January to July with a spacing of 30cm between plants. Bottle gourd grows best in sandy loam soil with a pH of 6-6.5 and requires support after 3-4 months. Regular fertilization and pruning are needed to maintain high yields. The fruits mature 60-120 days after sowing and are harvested when the skin is tender and easy to pierce.
Pumpkin
Pumpkin is a fruit of three varieties of squash: Cucurbita pepo, Cucurbita argyrosperma, and Cucurbita moschata. It's recognizable thanks to its hard rind carved with grooves. Pumpkin varieties can be yellow, orange, white, or even green, red, blue, or mixes of color.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
rose
A rose is a plant that is a member of the genus Rosa, which consists of some 100 species of perennial shrubs in the rose family. Many roses are cultivated for their beautiful flowers, which range in colour from white through various tones of yellow and pink to dark crimson and maroon.
syngonium
Syngonium is a family of plants that has amazing tropical plants for beginning plant owners. Syngoniums come in all shapes and sizes and have beautiful patterns on their leaves and stems. They're great plants for those of you who like to spend a little bit more time on your plants.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
rose
A rose is a plant that is a member of the genus Rosa, which consists of some 100 species of perennial shrubs in the rose family. Many roses are cultivated for their beautiful flowers, which range in colour from white through various tones of yellow and pink to dark crimson and maroon.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
syngonium
Syngonium is a family of plants that has amazing tropical plants for beginning plant owners. Syngoniums come in all shapes and sizes and have beautiful patterns on their leaves and stems. They're great plants for those of you who like to spend a little bit more time on your plants.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Thunbergia
Thunbergia is a genus of flowering plants native to tropical regions of Africa, Madagascar, and southern Asia . Its members are known by various names, including Thunbergias and Clockvine. Thunbergia on its own usually refers to Thunbergia grandiflora, while Thunbergia alata is often known as Black-eyed Susan Vine or just Black-eyed Susan.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Tulsi
The document discusses several varieties of tulsi plants, including holy basil, mint tulsi, stevia, and green leaf tulsi. Tulsi, also known as holy basil, is a sacred medicinal plant in India known as the "queen of herbs." The different tulsi varieties can be used for both spiritual and medicinal purposes to treat respiratory, digestive, and other health issues. Proper care of tulsi plants requires sunlight, pruning, fertilizing, and protection from pests.
Tomato PPT
Tomatoes are an important cash crop for small farmers that contain vitamins A, C and lycopene. There are several varieties of tomatoes including cherry, grape, beefsteak, green, heirloom, and Roma. Tomato flowers are complete flowers that contain both male and female parts. Tomatoes grow best in well-drained, fertile sandy loam soil and require at least 8 hours of direct sunlight per day. Regular pruning, watering, fertilizing, and pest control are needed to maximize tomato plant growth and yield.
Tomato
The age-old question actually has an answer—it's both! Tomatoes are fruits that are considered vegetables by nutritionists. Botanically, a fruit is a ripened flower ovary and contains seeds. Tomatoes, plums, zucchinis, and melons are all edible fruits, but things like maple “helicopters” and floating dandelion puffs are fruits too
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
Lily flower
Lilies are a collection of flowering plants significant in literature and culture worldwide. The scientific name of lily is Lilium. Despite having “lily” in their common names, many other plants are not true lilies because they do not fall under the same genus.
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
jasmine
jasmine, (genus Jasminum ), also spelled jessamine, genus of about 200 species of fragrant-flowered shrubs and vines of the olive family ( Oleaceae ). The plants are native to tropical and to some temperate areas of the Old World. Several are cultivated as ornamentals. Most true jasmines have climbing branches without tendrils
https://www.santhionlineplants.com/
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Parijata Flower - night flowering jasmine PPT.pptx
Parijata Flower - night flowering jasmine PPT.pptx
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原版制作(Manitoba毕业证书)曼尼托巴大学毕业证学位证一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Manitoba毕业证书)曼尼托巴大学毕业证学位证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
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◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Wildlife-AnIntroduction.pdf so that you know more about our environment
All about wildlife, if you are fond of animals and wildlife then do follow us for more content like this
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, which is also known as t...
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, which is also known as the Directive 2002/95/EC. It includes the restrictions for the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment. RoHS is a WEEE (Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment).
Lessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approaches
Presented by James Reed at "9th Landscape Sustainability Science Forum" on 11 May 2024
Biomimicry in agriculture: Nature-Inspired Solutions for a Greener Future
Presentation made for the Webinar Series on Biomimicry for sustainability on 1st June 2024 organized by Green Building Council Sri Lanka
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
原版制作(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Environment Conservation Rules 2023 (ECR)-2023.pptx
Bangladesh Environment Conservation Rules 2023 (ECR-2023).
在线办理(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微bwp0011】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
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world-environment-day-2024-240601103559-14f4c0b4.pptx
world-environment-day-2024-240601103559-14f4c0b4.pptx
Wildlife-AnIntroduction.pdf so that you know more about our environment
Wildlife-AnIntroduction.pdf so that you know more about our environment
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, which is also known as t...
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, which is also known as t...
Lessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approaches
Lessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approaches
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Tissue Culture teak
- 2. Tissue Culture Teak • The teak plants are large tree species that can attain a height of about 30-35 meters tall. • It has a simple tap root system those are resistant to winds. • Leaves are simple ovate-elliptic measures about 15-45 cm long. • Tissue culture teak plants have superior-quality wood.
- 3. • Tissue culture teak plants are huge trees with bumper yield. • And also tissue culture teak woods have higher demand in both national & international supply.
- 4. • This plant grows as tropical hardwood trees. • Adaptable to countries such as India, Thailand, Myanmar & Indonesia. • Trees grow up to the height of 150-160 feet tall & live for more than 100 years. Teak tree
- 5. Steps followed for Tissue Culture Teak plants • Explant: Young juvenile, nodal & apical Meristem. • Initiation: Collected Explants are surface sterilization & those plantlets are inoculated in prepared media.
- 6. shooting • Well-developed shoot formation is seen after 2-4 months of initiation.
- 7. Multiplication Profused shoots are establish after 4 months of shooting, those are transferred to the freshly prepared media.
- 8. rooting A well-developed root formation is seen on the 12th month. Followed by primary & secondary hardening.
- 9. Land area • Land areas for teak plantations to be plain or slightly sloping with good drainage. • Plough the land area thoroughly. • Dig the pit size of 45*45cm sizes. The best time for planting this teak is during spring. • Apply a handful of organic fertilizer or manure at the time of planting.
- 10. Climate & Rainfall • This plant requires a fairly warm & moist tropical climate & grows well in annual rainfall of about >3000 mm. • For planting best time is monsoon season after the first shower.
- 11. Debudding & Thinning • Initially debudding done 3 years after planting. • This operation is followed by thinning 7-10 years after planting both practises are done to improve the quality timber.
- 12. Soil • This timber plant prefers to grow well in deep fertile,well-drained soil of acidic pH less than 6.5. • Grows best in alluvial sandy soils.
- 13. irrigation Drip irrigation is suitable to this plants for water & nutrients supplementation.
- 14. Sunlight Requires direct full light of about 12 hours.
- 15. Fertilize r Application of any organic fertilizer given monthly once at earlier stage alone.
- 16. Harvest For higher market demand tectona grandis timber harvested after 10 years after planting.
- 17. Benefits Plants raised from the superior mother plant. Genetically uniform plants. Disease-free planting material. Uniform growth & development.
- 18. www.santhionlineplants.com Phone : +91 63844 11222 Thankyou