The document discusses how globalization creates winners and losers by comparing two contrasting countries, China and Gambia. It analyzes factors like natural resources, population size, investments, and economic policies that have enabled China to benefit from globalization, increasing its GDP per capita. Meanwhile, Gambia lacks resources, receives little foreign investment, and remains dependent on foreign aid, causing its GDP per capita to change little over time and for it to lose out to globalization forces.

1. Globalisation: the winners and the losers To know who individual winners and losers of globalisation are To look at 2 contrasting countries and how they are winners or losers of the globalized world

13. Impacts of globalisation On finance On politics On people On culture

14. Some Trans National Companies (shell oil) have higher turnover than some countries GDP’s. Uses cheaper labour in developing countries to supply consumers in OECD’s. Trillions of $ are exchanged electronically every day in payments, loans, shares and debt. A worldwide reduction in consumer prices ‘ race to the bottom price’ Companies (news international – Sky, Sun, times owners) influence how people think on issues. An expansion of international political organisations. (EU) A loss of national identity. Companies gain power over national governments. Governments may loose control over their countries. Global trade barriers being removed. (tariffs, quotas etc.) People with IT, management and finance skills are moving around world to where jobs exist. Migrant labour is flowing to areas of high wages and better standards of work. Global tourism has increased, transporting people to far flung locations. Cheaper mobile and internet rates mean communication between people and information is free flowing. Emerging global village where people share common interests. (film) ‘ Americanisation’ occurring with internet and media spreading western values and culture.

15. Some Trans National Companies (shell oil) have higher turnover than some countries GDP’s. Uses cheaper labour in developing countries to supply consumers in OECD’s. Trillions of $ are exchanged electronically every day in payments, loans, shares and debt. A worldwide reduction in consumer prices ‘ race to the bottom price’ Companies (news international – Sky, Sun, times owners) influence how people think on issues. An expansion of international political organisations. (EU) A loss of national identity. Companies gain power over national governments. Governments may loose control over their countries. Global trade barriers being removed. (tariffs, quotas etc.) People with IT, management and finance skills are moving around world to where jobs exist. Migrant labour is flowing to areas of high wages and better standards of work. Global tourism has increased, transporting people to far flung locations. Cheaper mobile and internet rates mean communication between people and information is free flowing. Emerging global village where people share common interests. (film) ‘ Americanisation’ occurring with internet and media spreading western values and culture.

18. 11. In 1995, China’s GNP per capita was $620. 13. China has a great wealth of natural resources with vast reserves of coal, oil and gas. 10. In 2005, China’s GNP per capita was $1,700. 8. A country needs a plentiful supply of fuel to aid industrial development. 3. 1976 saw the death of Mao Zedong and the relaxation of communist rule. In 1986 Chinese rulers adopted an ‘open door policy’ to trade. 14. China is geographically located in a very central position, with easy access to the rest of the world and major trade routes. 4. Throughout the 1990s, China’s economy increasingly displayed capitalist traits, with individuals being permitted to accumulate wealth without government interference. 12. The markets of South Korea, Taiwan and India are all developing rapidly. 5. China spends a large amount of its budget on health and education. 9. China has a population of 1.3 billion. 6. In 2001 China joined the World Trade Organisation. 1. TNCs invest in China to take advantage of low labour costs. 7. Since 2000, China has been the largest recipient of oversees aid with 53% of its exports are produced by foreign owned companies. 2. China has now overtake the USA as the worlds largest consumer. 31. Export Processing Zones have been created in China, stimulating cheap mass manufacturing. 32. Many people living in rural areas of China are migrating to the cities.

19. 15. In 1995, Gambia’s GNP per capita was $320. 19. About 75% of Gambia’s population depend on crops and livelihood for their livestock. 22. Gambia is dependent on aid for any development that it may achieve. 24. Gambia is one of the 48 LDCs, ranked at 160 out of 173 on the UN’s HDI. 17. Gambia has no confirmed mineral or natural resource deposits. 20. Gambia’s has a population of about 1.7 million. 23. ‘Financial leakages’ mean that much of what wealth is generated within Gambia is not available for reinvestment as it belongs to foreign TNCs. 16. In 2005, Gambia’s GNP per capita was $290. 26. Tourism in Gambia is seasonal. 25. The WTO estimates that tourism contributes 7.8% of Gambia’s total GDP. 27. European consumers are the beneficiaries of their purchasing power, but while low prices are good for tourists, they are not good for Gambia. 28. Gambia’s has a literacy rate of approximately 40%. 21. Small scale manufacturing activity includes the processing of groundnuts, fish and hides which are then exported. 18. Gambia’s agricultural base is fairly limited. 29. Gambia is the smallest country on the African continental mainland. 30. Gambia gained its independence from the UK in 1965.

22. Opinion Line- with evidence! Global’ n Great Global’ n Terrible