Final Project-Simran Singh.pdf

.Toshiba Plant Systems & Services Corporation (TPSC)
Project work report on “In Plant Safety Inspection” at 2X660MW MEJA
Super Thermal Power Station PRAYAGRAJ NTPC Site
FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF
POST DIPLOMA IN INDUSTRIAL SAFETY SESSION 2021-22
Under the Guidance of: Prepared by
Shri G. Sibananda Simran Singh
Asst. Director (Safety) PDIS 2021-22
Regional Labour Institute Roll No: 38
Kanpur

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I n P l a n t s a f e t y i n s p e c t i o n S i m r a n S i n g h
DECLARATION OF STUDENT
I hereby declare that this project work is entitled- “IN Plant safety
Inspection (Construction)” carried out by me under the guidance of
Shri G. Sibananda, Assistant Director (Safety) Regional Labour Institute
Kanpur (UP). It is my Own work &that, to the best of my Knowledge and
belief, it contains has not been submitted or published anywhere in the
form of thesis or document.
Date: Simran Singh
Time: PDIS (2021-22)
Roll No-38

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Certificate
This is to certify that Project Report entitled –In Plant Safety Inspection which
is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Post diploma
in Industrial safety from Regional Labour Institute, Kanpur under Directorate
General, Factory Advice Service and Labour Institutes (DGFASLI).It is a record of
the candidate’s own work carried by him under my supervision.
Shri G. Sibananda
Assistant Director (Safety)
Regional Labour Institute- Kanpur

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Acknowledgement
First and Foremost. I would like to thank my project guide Shri G. Sibananda –Asst.
Director (safety), RLI-Kanpur for steering me through this project. His guidance was
always required without which, this project would not have been completed.
I wish to express my gratuities towards, Sh. A. Murugan General Manager Meja
Site for giving me the opportunity and providing me with all the facilities and
support needed to complete the Industrial Module.
I wish to extend my sincere thanks to Mr. Praveen Prakash Pandey- HOD safety
Manager.

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ABSTRACT
Author : Simran Singh
Title : Project Work report on “In Plant safety Inspection
Source : Post Diploma in Industrial Safety at Regional Labour Institute, Kanpur, UP
Language : English
Summary : This Project Work Report is carried out at M/s Toshiba Plant Systems &
Services Corporation, Meja Site 2X660 MW, kohdar ghat Prayagraj, UP
as partial fulfillment of Post Diploma in Industrial Safety Course to
analysis and evaluate the safety performance of the organization.
Abstract : The Project work Report on Safety Organization & different method of
inspection was carried out at M/s Toshiba Plant Systems & Services
Corporation, Meja Site 2X660 MW, kohdar ghat, Prayagraj, UP. The
summary of the findings were discussed with department heads of the
organization and the safety department.
Major Description : In Plant Safety Inspection at M/s Toshiba Plant Systems & Services
Corporation, Meja Site
Minor Descriptions : Management Aspects, Safety aspect, Summary & Corrective actions.
Specialist Category : The familiarization of the management system towards safety.
Document Level : Project Work Report
Publication Year : 2021-22
Location : 2X660 MW MUNPL,MEJA,PRAYAGRAJ, UP.
Phone Number : 8400073687

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CHAPTER-1
INTRODUCTION

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Toshiba Plant Systems & Services Corporation (TPSC) is Engineering, Procurement and
Construction Company under the flagship of the power industry giant TOSHIBA CORPORATION, with
its base in Japan, TPSC has been in the business with Toshiba since 1938. While the company has
executed projects in other industrial sectors such as iron & steel, paper, environment & public facilities,
transportation, airport, communication, cogeneration, buildings and office automations, its focus and
core competence has been on power projects.
TPSC (I) is steadily ascending the heights of success, with a full-fledged technical support and
absolute access to the database of TPSC, developed through the principal company’s long and rich
experience from projects executed across the globe, backing it. TPSC’s trademarks have been quality
work, unparalleled safety, timely completion of projects, and trouble free operation of plants to the
complete satisfaction of the company’s clients.
TPSC (I) is capable of offering a complete range of services right from the initial planning through
commissioning and Performance Guarantee Test and further on to Operation & Maintenance of power
project. The company has experience in and can also provide services in complete overhauling
renovation and modernization of Turbo – Generators and other core power plant equipment and
Process industry.
Systems and components of the power plants:-
Fig-1 System overlook of Power plant

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1. Main plant components:
 Boiler and its auxiliaries
 Electrostatic precipitator
 Turbine and Generator set and its auxiliaries.
 HP/LP Heater & De-aerator
 Power cycle pumps
 Power cycle piping and valves
 Instrumentation and control system
 Circulating water pumps
 Generator Transformer, Station Transformer and Auxiliary Transformer.
 HT Switchgear and Bus Duct
 Generator Bus duct and Bus Transfer scheme
 Protection system for Generator, Generator Transformer, Unit Auxiliary Transformer,
Station
 Transformer, and motors and Generator synchronizing scheme.
Figure: 2 Top view of NTPC MUNPL MEJA Power Plant

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2. Auxiliary Cooling Water system.
3. Water Treatment system.
4. Coal Handling system.
5. Batteries and their chargers including their distribution system.
6. Oil unloading and storage system.
7. LT Switchgear.
8. Power cables and C&I cables.
9. Fire alarm and safety systems and Firefighting systems.
A more extensive system would include the following components too:
1. Coal handling Plant
 Average capacity utilization of the coal handling plant.
 Consumption of motors, (current, power factor)
 Coal measuring system and quality check
2. Ash handling system and ESP.
 Electricity consumption of ESP
 Collection efficiency, coal quality, ash property and conditioning including ammonium
injection
 Ash utilization and disposal methods including consumption of water for ash disposal in
wet disposal system
 Power consumption and pump performance of ash handling system.
3. Cooling water system
 Cooling tower capacity and efficiency
 Circulating water pump performance and power consumption
 Water circulation, condenser efficiency, and turbine heat rate
 Vacuum system
4. Boiler and Turbine and their Auxiliary
 Boiler combustion efficiency (unburned carbon in ash)
 Boiler outlet temperature and excess air level
 Performance and Power consumption of ID fan. FD fan, PA fan, Coal mills,
 Air-preheated efficiency and leakage, flue gas temperature
 Boiler feed pump (power consumption and performance evaluation)
 Turbine cylinder efficiency and cycle efficiency.
 Condenser performance and evaluation.

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 Condensate pumps power consumption and performance evaluation.
 LP and HP heaters performance evaluation.
5. Raw water system and waste water treatment system
 Capacity utilization and power consumption
6. Instrumentation and control
 Instrumentation available in the plant
 Measuring instrumentation at coal handling plant, ash handling system,, raw water and
waste water system.
7. Compressed Air System.
8. Total Electrical system including Lighting
 Transformer Load Management
 Power Factor management
 Distribution losses
 Harmonic analysis
9. Insulation of boiler, air and flue gas path and steam piping.
10. Calculate the boiler efficiency, turbine heat rate (efficiency) and heat rate of the plant at
100%, 75%, 50% load.
11. Fuel (coal & oil) consumption, water consumption and auxiliary consumption.
OPERATION OF POWER PLANT:
Steam power plant facilities constitute a means of power generation that uses the expansion
power of steam. Fuel is burned inside a boiler to heat water and generate steam. This steam is
then used to drive turbines which in turn drive the power generators to make electricity. This
steam is suitable for the use of thermal energy of relative low temperature (below 600 degree
Celsius). The steam coming out of the turbine is condensed to water and is recycled. In order to
improve the efficiency of the steam power plant, some additional functional parts such as super
heater, economizer etc. is also included in the plant. Schematic and different parts are shown
below.

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Fig:-3 Turbine & Generator Supervisory Display
Coal and Ash System: In this system, the coal from the coal storage is fed to the boiler through
coal handling equipment for the generation of steam. Ash so produced due to ash storage
through ash-handling system.
Air and Gas System: Air is supplied to the combustion chamber of the boiler through a draught
fan. The exhaust gases carrying sufficient quantity of heat and ash are passed through the air
heater and then passed into the boiler. The flue gases coming out of the boiler is of the order of
1000 degree Celsius. This hot gas is passed through different stages like super heater,
economizer, air pre-heater and at last, it is released out through the chimney.
Boiler House: Boilers burn the fuel transferred from the tank and use the resulting heat to
convert water into steam. Inside the boilers are tens of thousands of water carrying tubes. When
combustion commences, the temperature inside the boilers rises to between 1,100 and 1,500
degree Celsius, the water inside the tubes is turned into high temperature and high pressure
steam, and the steam is transferred to the steam turbines. Coal and air in correct proportion is
sent to the boiler house for combustion to take place. Water is supplied to the boiler through the
boiler feed pump. This water is converted to steam in the boiler house.

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Super Heater: Super heater is a heat exchanger that increases the steam pressure and also
eliminates moisture in the steam by using the high temperature flue gases from the boiler.
Economizer: The water from the condenser is passed to the economizer which heats up the
water and sends it to the boiler.
Air Pre-heater: Air pre-heater acts as heat exchanger. It uses heat from flue gases and heats
up the air coming from the air intake system. Then this heated air is send to boiler. This ensures
proper combustion and it helps to improve the overall efficiency of the power plant.
Cooling System:
The steam produced in the boiler is sent to the turbine through the super heater. The steam
coming out of the turbine is condensed to water using the condenser and cooling tower
arrangement. The condensed water can be recycled throughout the process. The feed water
pump sends this water to the boiler through the economizer.
The steam is cooled by seawater in condenser, restored to water, and then returned to the boiler
for reuse. This cycle of water, steam to water is repeated over and over again.
Turbine and Alternator:
The steam produced in the boiler is sent to the turbine through the super heater. This steam
drives the turbine. The steam rotates the turbine blades at high speed of 3,000 rpm. The turbines
convert the heat energy into mechanical energy. This turns the alternator, which is directly
connected to the turbines. Alternators convert this mechanical energy into electrical energy.

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CHAPTER-2
Conceptual Framework

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2.1: PHILOSOPHY OF SAFETY INSPECTION:-
Construction activity is not only an oldest industry but also the largest one in many parts of the
world. It started with the basic human need ‘shelter, home or dwelling house’ and is ever
expanding with the growing population and their growing needs of residential and commercial
buildings, shops, offices, factories, road, bridges, dams, railways, power transmissions lines,
silos, oil and gas installations , air fields, many types of underground, Under- water and above
ground works and works of excavation, foundation construction, alteration, renovation ,repair,
maintenance, demolition, dismantling, erection, fabrication etc.
After agriculture, construction seems to be the second largest economic activity. If mining and
quarrying are considered as a part of or inclusive of construction industry, it becomes the largest
of all industrial activities.
Basic philosophy to improve their working conditions is the safety philosophy. It should be
realized that construction is inherently hazardous industry, contract-based industry, demands
heavy workload, contributes high frequency and severity of accidents, less protected by law,
movable and needs continuous effort to maintain safety at all levels. It may not be possible to
completely eliminate the hazards, but it is certainly possible to minimize them by enforcing certain
safety precautions. The working and service conditions of the workers need to be improved.
Peculiarity of accidents is well known. Falling from height, struck by falling on the flat or into pit,
sump, gutter etc., occupational diseases of lung, skin, locomotors and nervous system, electrical
and pneumatic tools, unguarded machinery, heavy vehicles and working without safety
equipment are the major causes of accidents. Mechanization can eliminate some manual work
hazards. Work permit system, Prompt supervision and first-aid, use of personal protective
equipment and proper tools, training and education and project safety committee are some of the
remedial measures.
It is estimated that about 8.5 million workers in the country are engaged in building and
construction works. Building and other construction workers are one of the most numerous and
vulnerable segments of the unorganized labor in India. The building and other construction
workers are characterized by their inherent risk to the life and limb of the workers. The work is
also characterized by its casual nature, temporarily relationship between employer and
employee, uncertain working hours, lack of basic amenities and inadequacy of welfare facilities.
Construction work is a hazardous land-based job. Some construction site jobs include building
houses, roads, tree forts, workplace repair and maintain infrastructures. This work includes many
hazardous task and conditions such as working with height, excavation, noise, dust, power tools
and equipment .The most common fatalities are caused by the conditions.

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1. Being struck by an Object.
2. Electrocutions.
3. Being caught between two objects.
Construction work has been increasing in developing and undeveloped countries over the past
few years. With an increase in the type of work occupational fatalities have increased.
Occupational fatalities are individuals who die on the job or performing work related task, with in
the field of construction it is important to have safe construction sites. In the absence of adequate
statutory provision, requisite information regarding information regarding the number and nature
of accidents is also not forthcoming. In the absence of such information, it is difficult to fix
responsibility or to take any corrective action. In view of the circumstances explained above, it
has been considered necessary to constitute well safety provision at construction sites with the
help of safety inspection at construction sites.
Safety inspections are a basic tool for establishing and maintaining safe conditions and
discovering unsafe practices at construction sites. Systematic inspections are practical ways to
identify and correct unsafe conditions, processes; equipments and site work action are initiated.
They are an excellent way to prevent accidents from occurring and to safeguard employees. An
additional benefit occurring from inspection is that they give construction works/Employer an
opportunity to point out deficiencies in their area that may otherwise go unnoticed and
uncorrected.
Safety inspections are conducted primarily not to find out how many things are wrong, but rather,
to determine if the things are satisfactory. The secondary purpose is to discover conditions that,
when corrected, will bring the facility up to accepted and approved standards and or regulations.
As consequences, the inspected facilities should become safer and more healthful places at
construction sites.
First-line supervisor, Site Engineers, individual’s employees, maintenance employees, as well as
inspections teams, all function as workplace inspectors. The first-line supervisors are one of the
most important inspectors in construction sites. He/ She is most important to safety inspection
team. The supervisor is the key person because he/she is in constant contact with employees
and is thoroughly familiar with all the safety risks that may develop in the department.
Supervisors should be on the alert at all times to discover and correct unsafe conditions and
practices. Employees, if they are on the alert, also can be of great value in preventing accidents.
Employees should be encouraged to inspect the workplace every day and to report any
hazardous conditions to their supervisor. Employees who are safety conscious will look
continuously for conditions that may cause injury to themselves or others. Maintenance
employees, in particular, should be safety conscious. When maintenance employees are working
in various departments and observe safety risks that should be corrected, they can alert hazards

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by reporting risks to the supervisor of the department. Management should alert its employees
that maintenance people are a great help in locating and correcting hazardous conditions.
The inspection should ensure that the employee is fully aware of safety and health problems and
given practical guidance on how they must be addressed. But even in the smallest company the
safety organization should never give an impression that “ fault- finding” and “ application of
suitable remedies” are their job responsibility and not of the line managers and supervisors. The
inspection should therefore not only be an exhaustive examination of all items of plant &
equipment to determine their safety, but rather to test the effectiveness of the management
system for ensuring safety & health at work.
OBJECTIVES
 Primary Goal
This Safety Inspection was carried out at MUNPL Power Sector, North Region 2X660 MW NTPC
Prayagraj site with following objectives,
To fulfill the partial requirement of Post Diploma Course in Industrial. Safety from Regional Labor
Institute, Kanpur.
Safety Inspection is combined with the following objectives:
 To carry out a systematic; critical appraisal of all potential hazards involving personnel,
plant services and operation methods.
 To ensure that Occupational safety and Health system fully satisfy the legal requirements
and those of the company’s written safety policies, objectives and progress.
 To identify the deficiencies in developing strategies for establishing Company’s goal.
 To identify evaluate the organizing function which provide the structure and delegate the
roles, responsibility, authority and accountability for accomplishing the work.
 To study the effectiveness of safety & health management system of the organization.
 To verify compliances of statutory requirements and standards code of practice.
 Identify deviations from designed & planned operating & maintenance procedures and to
recommend the safety standards wherever necessary.
 To recommend the various safety measures to be taken to improve the overall safety
performance of the plant.
 To teach safety by example and to increase the overall level of safety awareness at
construction sites.
To specifically state the objectives of safety Inspection at construction, the following ten points to
be put in consideration.
 Verify Compliance.
 Ensure adequate control system.
 Good management practices.
 Anticipate regulatory or Process change.
 Recommend corrective action.

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2.2 PURPOSE OF INSPECTION
Construction safety inspections are the most effective means of identifying hazardous conditions
at the worksite. Construction sites require constant monitoring and observation to keep ahead of
safety issues. We have too many incidents in our construction site, that are why we do workplace
inspections, to find the hazards that cause incidents and do something about them.
The primary purpose of inspections is to direct potential hazards so they can be corrected before
an unintentional injury or illness occurs foe most frequent hazards at construction site. Inspection
can determine conditioned that need to be corrected or improved to bring operations up to
acceptable standards, from both safety and operational standpoints. Secondary purposes are to
improve erection, commission and plant operations and thus to increase efficiency, effectiveness
and profitability.
Site safety professionals identify potential accidents , injuries, safety violations, liability issues,
and risk exposures and offer strategies for mitigating hazards before they damage or injury
employees.
Although management ultimately has the responsibility for inspecting the workplace, authority to
carry out the actual inspecting process extends throughout the organizations. Obvisiouly
,supervisions, foreman and employees fulfill an inspection function, but so do departments as
diverse as engineering, purchasing , quality control, human resources , maintenance and
medical.
As an essential part of a health and safety programme, workplace should be inspected
Inspections are important as they allow you to:-
 Listen to the concerns of workers and supervisors.
 Gain- further understanding of jobs & tasks.
 Identify existing and potential hazards.
 Determine underlying causes of hazards.
 Monitor hazards control (policies, procedure, and engineering)
 Recommend corrective actions.
 To examine maintenance and housekeeping standards.
 To check the result against plan.
 To improved safety standards.
 To detect reactive unfinished business.

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2.3: Principles of Safety Inspection
The principles on which Safety Inspection shall be conducted can be enumerated as follows:
 Seek to be positive rather than trying to faults.
 Identify deviations from acceptable standards.
 Pointing out on the spots the presence of immediate risk.
 Establishing knowledge of the operator about the dangers while operating the machines.
 Assessing the static and dynamic conditions of the items.
 Monitor equipment and exposure over time by measuring the level of
 Vibration, exposure to the chemicals, noise, radiations or biological agents.
 Adopt different inspection techniques such as talking to workers and supervisors.
 Be professional, impartial and objective.
 Indicate strength and weakness in key areas.
 Talking pictures without endangering anybody.
 Be a means of monitoring safety and health improvement.
2.4: REPORTING OF SAFETY INSPECTION IN CONSTRUCTION
The scope of safety Inspection in construction is limited to assess the safety and health of
construction workers employed in the construction process and safety to the plant and equipment
while Construction and pre-commissioning.
The management system Safety Inspection in Construction is done to accelerate the overall
development of safety Management of Control system. This system of audit provides scope of
examining and evaluation of safety policies and procedures, internal review/inspection program,
training, supervision etc.
The technical system safety inspection is done to access the adequacy and effectiveness of
element such as machine guarding, housekeeping, handling of materials, excavation, electrical
hazards, fire and explosion hazards, waste disposal system work environment monitoring system
etc.

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CHAPTER- 3
REVIEW OF LITERATURE

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PLANING FOR INSPECTION:
1. Routine Inspection
2. Planned Inspection
a. Periodic Inspection
b. Intermittent Inspection
3. General Inspection
4. Continuous Inspection
5.Special Inspection
1. Routine Inspection:
Once a comprehensive inspection and analysis of workplace is conducted and baseline for
hazard control is established, routine safety inspections are necessary to ensure that changes in
condition and process do not create new hazards and at the same time to confirm that suggested
controls in baseline survey reports are effectively remain in place. The team conducting routine
inspections also keep switching for new and previously unrecognized hazards but not as
thoroughly as the baseline survey team does. The frequency and scope of routine inspections
depend on the nature and severity of hazards' and complex city of process operation. Such
inspection for an acetylene gas pipeline will be more frequent and analytical than a pipeline
transporting medium pressure, super saturated steam. Routine inspection are carried out by the
shop-in- charge as the leader along with the safety officer and representatives from operation
and maintenance departments of the plant. Some of the potentially hazardous condition gets
corrected then and there and some are noted for initiating action in a planned way fixing up
responsible person, date and time duration.
2. Planned Inspection:
A deliberate, thorough, and system at inspection by design permit examination of Specific items
or conditions .They follow established procedure and check list. They can be periodic,
intermittent, or special.
i) Periodic inspections: are scheduled at suitable frequency, can be targeted to the whole
plant or to the specific area. In general greater the accident severity potential, the more often the
inspections should be scheduled. The person performing the inspections should usually be from
familiar with plant and its operational procedures and should be quick to spot the abnormality.

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ii) Intermittent Inspections:- are made at irregular intervals to focus on problem area where
changes are being made to add new facilities as a part of expansion program for new products or to
debottleneck the persisting problem. Plant manager along with the safety officer carry out the
inspections.
3. General Inspections:
General Inspections cover the pieces not inspected periodically probably here people rarely get
hurt. Office buildings, site stores, lavatory and laboratory within an industry come under such places.
The inspection is one of the most vital tools of safety management. It should be carefully planned. The
team members conducting such inspections should following requisites:
• A sound knowledge of organization, its process and its equipment.
• Knowledge of relevant standards and regulations.
• Systematic inspection steps.
• Method of reporting.
Knowledge of what and where to look for and tracking of corrective actions with time bound
program.
4. Continuous Inspections:
In this system some selected employees spends all there times observing equipment, operation,
electrical connection etc to locate if any hazards existing in the systems monitor it continuously.
5. Special Inspection: There are made occasionally to locate special hazards.
6. Planning For Inspection:-
Planning is essential for an effective inspection. Every inspection must example who, what, where and
how. Pay particular attention to items most likely to develop unsafe or unhealthy condition because of
stress, wear, impact, vibration, heat, corrosion, chemical reaction or misuse. Inspect the entire
workplace area each time. Include areas where no work is done regularly such as parking lots, rest
areas/room, office storage areas and locker room.
Look at all workplace elements- the environment, the equipment, and the process. The environment
includes such hazards as noise, vibration, lighting, temperature and ventilation. Equipment includes
materials, tools and apparatus for producing a product or services. The process involves how the
workers interact with the other elements in a series of tasks or operation.
An effective safety and health inspection program requires the following elements:
 Sound knowledge of the facility.
 Knowledge of relevant standards, regulations and codes.

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 Systematic inspection steps.
 A method of reporting, evaluating and using the data.
An effective program begins with analysis and planning. If inspections are casual, shallow and slipshod
and result will reflect the method.
Before instituting an inspection program, these five questions should be answered:
1. What items need to be inspected?
2. What aspects of each item need to be examined?
3. What condition needs to be inspected?
4. How often must items be inspected?
5. Who will conduct the inspection?
7: CONDUCTION OF SAFETY INSPECTION:
The following are general guidelines for conducting safety inspections. These guidelines focus on
formal inspections but some elements of the process are applicable to all inspections. When
conducting a safety inspection:
1. Use a checklist. Review the checklist before the inspection begins.
2. Inspect the entire work area or facility.
3. Prepare an inspection sequence - inspect in one area at a time. (Focus on one room at a time, one
floor at a time.)
4. A supervisor or someone familiar with the facility and operation should accompany the inspector to
answer questions that may arise during the inspection.
5. Ask affected employees who work in the area for input. Try to resolve questions during the
inspection, rather than going back a second time.
6. Focus on unsafe acts and/or conditions.
7. Document observed hazard(s) clearly and accurately.
8. Document the participants.
9. Following an inspection, it should be agreed upon that;
a. reasonable dates for correction (based upon the hazard) will be set;
b. priorities for correcting the hazards are set;
c. non-serious hazards are corrected as soon as possible;
d. serious hazards are corrected immediately;
e. if correction cannot be handled in a timely manner, the following measures will be taken to protect
employees:
i) Work procedure(s) are changed;

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ii) Machine are taken out of service:
iii) Operation will be stopped; and/or
iv) Any necessary action(s) will be taken to protect employees.
v) Prepare a written report.
vi) A copy of the written report shall be sent for review to first-line and second line supervisors,
District/Headquarters Health and Safety Officers and/or, other appropriate management
personnel.
vi) The elements of safety Inspection refer to those areas of occupational safety and health
management system which are used as a tool of loss prevention in an organization. Those tool or
management systems shall be reviewed in order to keep them in pace. These include:
o Adequate of aisle space and working space.
o Point of operating guards.
o Maintenance.
o Hand tools.
o Ladder, portable, stops, hoses etc.
o Hand trucks, power trucks, wheel barrows, buggies etc.
o Lighting.
o Electrical equipment’s, particularly extension cords.
o Dust, Fumes, Gases, Vapors.
o Exists.
o Compliance with statutory requirements.
o New equipment review/Inspection.
o Safety Inspections.
o First aid facilities-Occupational Health Centers.
o Pressure vessels.
o Oiling methods.
o Personal Protective Equipment.
o Prevention of Occupational Diseases.
o Housekeeping.
o Machine and general area guarding.
o Material handling equipment’s (crane & lifting tackles)
o Earth moving equipment’s.
o Noise, Ventilation, Illumination.
Who should conduct such inspection?
 Safety Professional
 Industrial Hygienist
 Joint Safety and Health Committees
 Supervisors
 Special Committee

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8: Reporting of safety Inspection:
Inspection plan should be finalized after the consultation with lead internal &
external safety officer and the client.
The Safety Inspection plan should be designed to be flexible in order to permit
changes in emphasis based on information gathered during the safety Inspection
and to permit effective use of resources .The plan should include:
 The Inspection objectives and scope.
 Identification of reference documents.
 Size of the Inspection team as specified.
 Identification of the organization units to be inspection.
 The schedule for inspection.
 The schedule of meetings to be held with Inspector or management.
 The list of documents to be persuade by the Inspection team.
 Inspection reports distribution and the expected date of issue.
9: Inspection Team Assignment:
Each Inspector should be assigned specific OS&H system elements or functional departments to
audit/inspection. Such assignments should be made in consultation with the Inspector concerned.
10: Working Document of the Inspection Team:
The documents required facilitating the auditor's investigations and to document
and report, results may include:
• Checklist used for evaluating the OS&H system element.
• Forms for documenting supporting evidence for conclusion reached by the
auditor. Working documents should be designed so that they do not restrict
additional audit activities or investigation which may become necessary as a result
of information gathered during the audit. Working documents involving confidential
or proprietary information shall be suitably safe guarded by the auditing
organization.

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11: Questionnaire of Preliminary Information:
The Inspection team would send to the Inspector and management a questionnaire seeking
information about various elements of OS&H system. This would be filled in by the inspection
plan and returned for study by the Inspection team before the field visit.
12: Executing the Safety Inspection:
This would include a field visit with the Safety Inspection organization by the audit team which
would cover the following activities. During this field visit, the concerned officials of the Inspection
would accompany the team during their visit around the plant.
13 Opening Meeting:
The purpose of an meeting is to; Introduce the members of the Inspection team. Review the
scope and objectives of the Safety Inspection. Provide short summary of the methods and
procedure to be used to conduct the Inspection. Establish the official communications, links
between the inspection team. Conform that the resources and the facilities needed by the
inspection are available. Fix a schedule of visit to individual plants/department. Discuss the safety
inspector, senior management the area of concern and suggested areas of focus by the
inspection. Clarity any unclear details of the inspection plan.
14: Collecting Evidences:
Evidences should be collected through interviews, examination of documents and observation of
activities and conditions in the areas of concern. Clues suggesting on conformities should be
noted if they seem significant even though not covered by checklists and should be investigated.
Information gathered through interviews should be tested by acquiring the same information from
other independent source, such as physical observation, measurement and records.
What type of information do we need to complete an inspection report?
 Plant layout and floor plan help inspections to a great deal. Plant drawing can be used in
dividing the workplace into areas based on the process, which helps to visualize the
activities in the workplace and identify the location of machinery, equipment of materials.
 Layout drawing shows the movement of material and workers.
 It also shows the location of air duct, aisles, stairways, alarms, fire extinguishers and fire
exits etc.
 It helps to know what type of machinery or equipment is present and review technical
safety data.

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What points to be cover at the time of Inspections?
1) Look for Guarding of Agents; such as:
(i) Missing or inadequate guards against being "struck by"
(ii) Missing or inadequate guards against being "striking against"
(iii) Missing or faulty automatic device
2) Look for structural defects and materials characteristics; such as:
(i) Sharp-edged, jagged condition.
(ii) Slippery condition.
(iii) Decomposed or Contaminated condition.
(iv) Flammable or Explosives condition.
(v) Corroded or eroded condition.
3) Look for functional defects; such as:
(i) Excessive heat, Vibration, noise, sparking etc.
(ii) Sing of excessive high or low pressure etc.
(iii) Operation that is too fast or slow.
4) Look for ventilation, illumination, noise such as:
(i) Noxious fumes, flammable or explosive gases/fumes.
(ii) Hazardous temperature, excessive noise.
5) Insufficient illumination or excessive glare.
Occupational Health & Safety Policy
The occupational health & safety policy is a statement of principle to be used as a broad guide or
limitation to management action. The policy statement is seldom accurate and measurable. The
health & safety policy is the main guideline for the employees; they should feel familiar with the
policy and use it to guide their behavior to maintain the safe working environment.
A good policy describes and establishes the real character of the company and forms the
foundation for:-
Ensuring common and coordinate behavior in the whole organization into a team instead of
a bunch of individual acting in their own interest and priorities.
Strengthening top management and making its work easier. Follow up man concentrate on
fulfillment of goals, instead of directing the organization in details.
Enabling middle and low level manages to make decisions in line with established policy.

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MUNPL Thermal Power Plant has developed a complete safety policy in compliance with
Section 7-A (3) of Factories Act 1948. The safety policy covers the following responsibilities to
establish the safe work environment.
Company’s moral responsibility to its employees, to provide the best practicable conditions
of work from the point of view of health and safety.
The obligation to consult with its and their representatives to implement policies and
procedures developed as a result of discussion.
Statutory responsibility in respect of health, safety and welfare of employees emanating
from relevant legislation such as the ‘Factories Act’, the ‘Indian Electricity Act’, the
Explosive Act and the Boiler Act etc.
Chapter 3.1. Statutory Provision for Construction Sites:-
The provisions of certain central act are applicable to building and other constructions worker at a
need has been fault for a comprehensive central Legislation for regulating their Safety, Health,
and Welfare and other conditions of service. The State of Governments and Union Territory
Administrations have been consulted in the matter and a majority of them have favored such
legislation also, in a meeting of Committee of State Labour Ministers conference held under the
Chairmanship of the then Union Labour Minister on the 18th
May, 1995, A general consensus had
emerged on the need for proposed Central Legislation.
Following main provisions of “Building and Other Construction workers (Regulation of
employment and conditions of service) Act 1996 & Rules 1998”. Provide effective guidelines to us
for various safety inspection provisions at construction Site work.
Chapter-X: Transport and Earth Moving Equipment:
As per BOCW central Rule-88 to 95 the employer shall ensure at a construction site of building or
other construction work that- All vehicles and earth moving equipment are made of good/ sound
material and free from defects, with effective brakes, head lights and tail lamps. Handles of
equipments are so designed as to protect the workers, Materials and other earth moving
equipments while operation such as Power shovels, Bulldozer, mobile cranes etc.

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Chapter-XI: Concrete Work:
As per BOCW central Rule-96 to 107 the employer shall ensure at a construction site of building
or other construction work that- all construction with use of concrete or reinforced are based on
adequate specifies steel, structures, reinforced and provision of sufficient cat-walks and other
secure access for inspection of construction work. Also provision of preparation and pouring of
concrete and erection of concrete structures, safe use of buckets, Pipes and pumps, secure use
of mixing and pouring machine, concrete panels and slabs, vibrators and re-shoring etc.
Inspection of concrete is done in 3 stages,
 Pre-placement
 During placement
 Post-placement.
Type of inspection of concrete depends on type of concrete, i.e. PCC or RCC, type of elements
to be casted, such as RCC slab, columns, footing, beams, walls etc. It is both beneficial to
contractor as well as engineer to maintain the record of checks, so that they can produce it in
case of any discrepancy. It also allows becomes a proof of quantity of concrete work done by the
contractor, so that no discrepancy arises during billing. The checklist also notes the number of
cubes taken for the given work and its id is noted in the checklist, so that when cube test results
arrive, it becomes easy to identify the structural elements for the given cube test results.
All ready-mix concrete shall be delivered to the site with a batch ticket listing the following:
 Name of the ready-mix company
 Serial number of the ticket, date, truck number
 Name of purchaser
 Name of the job and location
 Client mix design number
 Amount of concrete in cubic meters (or yards)
 Time of loading if wet mix
 Reading of the revolution counter at the first addition of water
 Type, brand and amount of cement, silica fume, aggregates and
 Admixtures.
 Total Mixing Water
 Maximum Size of Aggregate
 Mass of fine and course aggregate
 Signature or initials of producer’s representative
 Concrete shall be discharged from the mixer within 90 minutes or before the drum has
revolved 300 revolutions, whichever comes first after the introduction of mixing water to the
cement & aggregates or introduction of cement to the aggregates.

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 Concrete delivered at a temperature in excess of 32°C or that fails to maintain a temperature
of 32°C until used, shall be rejected.
 No aluminum parts shall be placed in contact with concrete during mixing or delivery.
 Slump and cylinder test samples shall be taken from the end of the mixture truck chute or at
the discharge point of the concrete placement hose when concrete pumps are
used. Inspection Checklist for Concrete Works
 Strength tests as well as slump, temperature, density and air content tests (when required by
the specifications) shall be made with a frequency of not less than one test for each 115 m³.
Each test shall be made from a separate batch. On each day concrete is delivered, at least
one strength test shall be made for each class of concrete.
 The minimum required number of concrete test cylinders for strength tests shall be:
Age (Days) No. of Cylinders
3 1
7 1
28 2
Concrete Placement Inspection:
 Equipment made of aluminum alloys shall not be used for pump lines, termites or chutes
used to discharge concrete from a truck mixer.
 Concrete shall not be placed prior to a recorded pre-placement inspection and
authorization to proceed by Client.

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 Experienced form watchers shall be provided during concrete placement to detect form
displacement or the beginning of failure.
 Raking shall not be used for movement of concrete after placement.
 Vibrators shall not be used to move concrete inside forms. Concrete Checklis Excel
 Re-tempering of concrete after placement is prohibited.
 Concrete that has partially hardened or been contaminated by foreign materials shall not
be deposited in the structure.
 Concrete shall not be dropped freely where reinforcing will cause segregation nor where it
would fall freely for more than 1 meter.
 Placed concrete shall be consolidated by mechanical vibration equipment supplemented
by hand spading, rodding or tamping.
 When Immersion type vibrators are used to consolidate concrete around epoxy coated
reinforcing bars, the vibrators should be equipped with rubber or non- metallic
vibrator heads.
 Place concrete in layers not to exceed 450mm thick and consolidate.
 Concrete shall be placed on a clean surface free of standing water.
 Precast concrete or mortar spacing blocks or bar supports are prohibited.
 After completing placing and finishing operations, efforts must continue to protect concrete
from high temperatures, direct sunlight, low humidity, and drying winds.
 Concrete paving shall have control joints or construction joints located at a maximum
spacing of 6 meters on center in both directions.
 Expansion joints shall be used in paving adjacent to all poured in place concrete
members.
 Paving or slab construction joints not specified on the Drawings, shall be located at
column centerlines and at intermediate intervals so that each panel shall not be more
than 55m2 in area.
 Contraction or isolation joints shall be provided to divide structurally plain concrete
members into flexural discontinuous elements.

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 Paving or slab construction joints not specified on the IFC Drawings, shall meet all
requirements for architectural concrete matching the grade and type of finish present in the
adjacent concrete. Concrete Pour Checklist Excel
Final Acceptance and Testing Inspection:
 Water curing shall be continuous until the compressive strength has reached 70% of the
specified strength, but not less than 7 days after placement.
 Continuous water cure can be provided by covering with wet burlap and plastic; The
saturated burlap shall be covered with a plasticized sheet vapor barrier, minimum 0.15 mm (6
mils) in thickness (Polyethylene Sheeting).
 All surface defects such as cracks or honey-combing shall be filled with mortar consisting of
1 part Portland Cement of the type specified for the job and 2.5 parts fine sand and ground in
smooth with a trowel or carborundum grind stone float Concrete specimens are made and
cured in accordance with ASTM.
 Compressive strength tests on cylindrical samples are performed in accordance with
ASTM C39/ C39M.
 The strength tests representing each class of concrete meet the following requirements:
The average of any three consecutive strength tests is equal to, or greater than, the specified
strength, f’c and
When the specified strength is 5000 psi (35MPa) or less, no individual strength test (average of
two cylinders) is more than 500 psi (3.5MPa) below the specified strength.
When the specified strength is greater than 5000 psi (35MPa),
Chapter-XIII- Excavation and Tunneling works:
As per BOCW central rule- 119 to 168 the employer shall follow the safety provisions while
excavation work like responsibility of project engineer before start excavation, display of safety
signs and notices, illumination, safe access, trenches, stability of structure, Breathing apparatus,
shafts, signals, means of communication, flooding during excavation etc.
TUNNELING
Tunneling work is widely carried out in the construction of railway, road projects and irrigation
This work is specialized and hazardous because of cramped workings pace wet and slippery
flooring, artificial lighting. Usually characterized by inadequate, ventilation, obnoxious gases,
unseen weaknesses of rock, handling of explosives, hauling muck, etc, and leading to accidents.

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EXCAVATION
o Construction work involves excavations for foundations, sewer sand underground services.
o Trenching and excavations work can be highly dangerous, as workmen. Are caught by the
sudden and unexpected collapse of the unprotected sides of a trench.
o Due to pressure of soil on the chest, workmen are unable to breathe resulting in suffocation
and loss of life.
o The possibility of flooding presents an additional hazard.
o Cracks are caused by pressure release as soil is removed or dry in gout in hot weather.
o No soil can be relied upon to support its own weight and precautions need to be taken to
prevent the slides of the sides of excavations of more than1.2 meter in depth to cave in.
Shoring to prevent the collapse of the sides of an excavation consisting of timber or steel frames
with close boarding between frames Barriers along the sides of an excavation to prevent workers
falling into it.
PROTECTION OF ADJOINING BUILDINGS
1. An excavation should not be so close and deep as to undermine stability of any adjacent
Structure.
2. To prevent any collapse or fall of a building or structure affected by excavation work
precautions should be taken by shoring.

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PROTECTING THE VEHICLES
1. Stop blocks (adequate and well-anchored) should be provided on the surface to prevent
Vehicles being driven into the excavation while tipping or when reversing.
2. The blocks should be placed at a sufficient distance away from the edges of the excavation
to avoid the danger of it breaking away under the weight of the vehicles.

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Chapter XIV: Construction, Repair, maintenance of Steep Roof
As per BOCW central Rule- 169 to 171- The employer shall ensure to protect the building
workers against sliding when carrying out work on steep roofs, provision of roofing brackets and
use of crawling boards.
A roofing inspection report is a comprehensive checklist that, upon completion, gives you and
your client a clear idea of the general condition of the roof.
Depending on the building and roof construction, the inspection report can cover different
elements of the roof and include different areas.
The roofing inspection form has two purposes:
 To inform the client about the structural and cosmetic issues that might be hindering the
integrity of the room
 To recommend a course of action that will help get the roof back in shape — or preserve the
existing condition if it’s unproblematic — including the cost and timeline.

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Chapters XV: Ladders and Step Ladders
As per BOCW central Rule-172 to 174- The employer shall ensure safe use of Ladders and step
Ladders and their adequate material strength , during building and other construction work.

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Chapter XVI: Catch Platforms and Hoardings, Chutes, Safety Belts and Nets
As per BOCW central rule-175 to 180- The employer shall ensure safe use of catch platforms,
hoarding, chutes, safety belts, Safety nets and their storage during building and other
construction work.
It includes connection for optional derrick belt which provides the worker with restraint and comfort with
the large frontal pad while positioning for the next drilling pipe.
 Alternatively on the rear of the harnesses belt there is a D connection point.
 Seat sling as an option to reduce fatigue, whilst in suspension or work position and for use with man
riding systems.
 Mating buckles on the belt of the harness allow for the connection of a seat sling
 Exo-Fit design is based on the concept of a single piece of material constructed in the shape of an
“X” that wraps around you for the ultimate in no-tangle donning and comfortable security. The
materials are soft and light-weight, yet extremely durable. The shoulder, hip and leg padding is built-
in so it can’t slip.

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Chapter XVII: Structural Frame Work
As per BOCW central rule-181 to 185- The employer shall ensue safe use of structural fame
work, frame work or working platform, dismantling of steel structure and prefabricated structure
and their storage during building and other construction work.
Chapter XVIII: Stacking and un-stacking
As per BOCW central rule- 188 to 205- The employer shall ensure adequate stacking and Un-
stacking of construction material at construction works.

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Sacks should not be built within 450 mm of a wall. Most building and party walls are not retaining
walls and may not withstand the pressure set up by stacks laid against them. A 450 mm gap
between the stack and the wall also enables the construction and the condition of stacks to be
checked.
Stacks should not be created where any part will be within 1.5 m of a rail track. This clearance
should be continued all the way along the stack. Extra care should be taken if the storage area is
subject to vibration from rail or road traffic, outside or inside the premises.
The size and shape of a stack depends on the storage space available and on the size, shape,
bulk, weight, rigidity or fragility of the articles to be stored. The following are the commonest
forms of stack:
Column—Single articles placed one above the other.
Square—Any stack, other than a column, with all sides vertical. (Note the stack does not have to
be ‘square’ in the ordinary sense of the word.)
Pyramid—A stack in which the plan area is reduced in every succeeding tier.
Stepped—Stacks with two or more adjacent tiers of the same area and each succeeding group
of tiers of a smaller area than the group on which it is set.
Triangular—Stacks in pyramid or stepped form on two.
Lean Or Pyramid Or stepped on one side and vertical on the
other three sides. (Note the term does not mean that the
stack actually leans against a support.) It is important to
remember that the aggregate weight of the stack is borne by
the lowest tier, which, of course should be strong enough to
bear the superimposed load. Untidy stacks offend the eye
and are rarely safe by construction, since it is usually bad
methods of construction that cause the untidiness. If a stack
appears to be unstable, it should be immediately broken
down and rebuilt properly.

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Rules For De-Stacking:
De-stacking is largely the reverse process of stacking. Most accidents involving the collapse of
stacked materials occur during de-stacking. The prime cause of this is haphazard removal. Basic
rules for breaking down stacks are:
— One person only should be responsible for the manner in which the stack is reduced. This
is particularly important where gangs are employed.
— If the person in charge of de-stacking had no part in erecting the stack, he or she should
ascertain its construction before work begins.
— The stack should be taken down tier by tier, so that no part is in danger, as would happen if
the stack were bitten into locally.
— When a large stack has been given a natural fence by building the periphery higher than the
centre, this fence should be maintained during de-stacking. The work should be done outward
from the centre, reducing the periphery last so that there is a barricade to prevent people falling
off.
– If tubular or other fencing has been built in or around the stack, it should be dismantled and
adjusted as the height is decreased.
— As there is a high tripping hazard in the working area of a stack, tidiness and systematic work
methods are essential. Care should be taken to ensure that people working on stacks are at all
times clear of overhead travelling cranes. Proper signaling arrangements should be made and a
lookout should be posted.
All stacking and de-stacking should be carried out under competent supervision.
Chapter XIX: Scaffold:
As per BOCW central rule-188 to 205- The employer shall ensure adequate construction of
scaffold, supervision and maintenance, safe working platform, opening , guardrails, screening net
and wire nets, Tower scaffold, Trestle, Cantilever scaffold, Scaffold supported with Building etc.
Material used at construction works.

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Plant Inspection Checklist for Housekeeping

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Plant Inspection Checklist for Maintenance
FACULTY / OTHER AREA (FOA) INFORMATION Date: __________
Building: FOA: Location:
Plant Item Deakin serial number Plant Identification: Model No, Serial No etc
INSPECTED BY:
Supervisor: (name and signature) OHS Management Rep: (name and signature) Employee HSR: (name and signature)
ELEMENT Y/N/N
A
COMMENTS / HAZARDS
Y = Up to standard (adequate), N = Below standard (action required), NA = Not Applicable
1. Personal Hazards
1.1 Plant is protected from any hair, clothing, gloves,
jewelry, brushes, rags or other materials
becoming entangled with moving parts.
1.2 Risk of crushing from parts of plant falling off, or
uncontrolled or unexpected movement of plant
has been addressed.
1.3 Risk of being cut, stabbed or punctured due to
contact with moving parts, or materials loaded
into or taken out or ejected, has been addressed
1.4 Risk of being injured from shearing (caught
between moving parts), friction or being struck
has been addressed
1.5 There is protection from contact with electricity,
heat, explosion, steam, hydraulic fluid and toxic
substances.
1.6 Plant is protected from contact with overhead or
underground power lines and public authority
services.
Actions: (include person responsible and target completion date)
2. General Hazards
2.1 Access and egress provisions are safe.
2.2 Risks associated with the plant when it is not in
use or when undergoing maintenance have been
addressed.
2.3 Controls are suitably identified and conveniently
located.

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ELEMENT Y/N/N
A
COMMENTS / HAZARDS
2.4 Controls can be locked off and power
disconnected when not in use.
2.5 Guarding is adequate for the type of plant and
the work being undertaken.
2.6 Regular inspections and maintenance programs
are carried out as scheduled (including electrical
testing).
3. Competency and Training
3.1 Is a certificate of competency required – If so,
has it been obtained?
3.2 Is training required for operation – If so have
operators been trained?
3.3 Operating instructions are available and easily
understood.
4. Environmental Hazards
4.1 The environment is protected from
contamination by vapour, fumes, noise etc.
4.2 The discharge of hazardous substances has been
contained.
4.3 Plant has been monitored for air emission
controls where required.
5. Hazards with Plant used for Lifting People or
Materials
5.1 Lifting capacity is below the designated safe
working load.
5.2 Loads are protected if they are required to be
suspended over people
5.3 Safe egress is possible in the event of a plant
failure
6 Ergonomics
6.1 Frequently used controls are within easy access
6.2 Excessive force is not required to operate the
plant or controls
6.3 Work postures for operators are not constrained
or awkward.

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ELEMENT Y/N/N
A
COMMENTS / HAZARDS
6.4 Does the operator need to over-reach, stretch,
lift, carry or bend in such a way that it may cause
body strain?
10 Chemical Aspects
10.1 MSDS available for any hazardous chemicals
10.2 Containers are labelled with chemical name
and Class diamonds
10.3 Chemicals are stored appropriately
11 Regulatory Aspects
11.1 Is there a register of all plant & equipment
with up to date maintenance and testing
records?
11.2 Does the plant meet current standards and
relevant regulations

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CHECKLIST FOR CRANE / NEW GENERATION HYDRA
Projects' Name: MEJA NTPC Inspection Date:
Contractor's Name: Crane ID & SWL:
Sl. Descriptions Observation Yes/No Deficiency
A WALK AROUND CHECKS
1 Valid Govt. approved third party certificate (every six month) displayed
2 Manufacturer's Operational Manuals
3 SWL, TPI (Third Party Inspection) date and due date clearly marked
4 Any undercarriage & superstructure leaks ( oil/air)
5 Tyres - condition and pressure
6 Registration number written on front and back.
7 Operator's cabin housekeeping & leaks
8 Wire rope - condition & Drum Lay
9 Sheaves & Hook block
10 Cab-Doors / Glasses / Mirrors, & Housekeeping
11 Load chart – Available/Mounted
12 Fire Extinguisher Available
13 First-Aid Box Available
B ENGINE START UP OPERATION CHECKS
1 Seatbelts
2 Engine start
3 Speedo meter/Volt meter/Ammeter
4 Horn / Lights /Wipers
5 Hydraulic oil level / Air Pressure Gauges/hydraulic hose pipe
C SAFETY DEVICES & HYDRAULIC SYSTEM CHECKS
1 Anti-Two Blocking / Over hoist Limit Switch
2 Load Moment Indicator (LMI) / Automatic Safe Load Indicator (ASLI)
3 Condition of the Outriggers, Stabilizers.
4
Condition of rear view camera and LCD screen at operator cabin to view the
rear view.
5 Overload Limit Switch
6 Is the condition of the boom members OK?
7 Three rear view mirrors (left, right & middle)
8 Removal of high speed gear lever.
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Has it been ensured that no less than 3 wraps of rope remain on the drum
when the hook is in the extreme low position ?
10 Is the reeving of rope on the rope drum free from overlaps?
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Does the Lifting Hook has a Safety Hook Latch that will prevent the rope from
slipping out ?
12 Boom Extensions, Lift Controls & Operation
13 Boom indicators are in working condition.
14 Function of Front Light, Back Light ,Turn Indicators & Night indicator
15 Function of front and reverse horn.
D MISCELLANEOUS
1 Driving License (HMV/ Cost. Equipment.
2 Insurance, Fitness and Pollution Under Control (PUC) certificate.
3 Operator & signal man's medical check up report including vision test.
4 Check authorization for Operator & Signalman
5 Use of reflective jacket by Operator/ Signalman
6 Check the preventive maintenance record
The Hydra/Crane accepted to the use Yes: No:
Inspected and signed by:
Operator: Contractor's Engr. Contractor's EHS TOSHIBA (Engr.)

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PERMIT TO OPEN MANHOLE COVERS / GRILLS / GUARDRAILS/ GRATING
A) To be filled in when required to open Manhole Covers/Grills/Guardrails/Gratings
1. Location of manhole / Grill / Guardrails /Grating etc.
2. Permission required to keep Manhole Cover / Grill / Guardrails /Grating open
Date: _____________ from hrs ____________ to hrs. __________
3. Purpose
4. i) Has the area been fenced/cordoned off? Yes/No
ii) Have the red flags (red lights at night) been displayed Yes/No
iii) Has proper illumination been arranged Yes/No
Name: ______________________ Designation: ________________
Signature: _____________ Date: ___________
B) To be filled in by Engineer-in charge / Site-in-charge permitting to open the manhole cover / grill / Guardrails /
Grating after ensuring that safety precautions have been made at the proposed area for opening the cover.
Name: ______________________ Designation: ________________
Signature: _____________ Date: ___________
C) To be filled in and certified by person who had asked for the permission to open the Manhole Cover / Grill /
Guardrails /Grating stating that the manhole cover / grill / Guardrails /Grating has been placed back in position
properly on _________(date) at ___________hrs after the work was completed and safety arrangements
removed and the area is cleared.
D) Name: _________________Designation: ______________Signature____________Date:_______________

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3.2 Plant level
At plant level the general manager supervises the health & safety issues and gets the feedback
from the safety department headed by a manager (Safety). The organizational set-up at plant is
as under:
3.3 An important component of successful and effective safety management in the unit is active
and informed participation of employee in safety management activates and policies. Since
employees have been informed prospective on facility, process and situations, hence employer
needs to consult with their employees as they develop and implement a safety management
programme and hazard assessment. Ideally safety information should flow to employer (i.e.
training, education for employees informing effected employees from the buildings of accident
investigation and publicizing companywide) from employee and to employee (through
participation in safety committees, use of anonymous comment boxes and through membership
on safety investigation teams) who employer.
3.4 The safety committee is responsible to ensure that all operations in the plant are being
carried out in a safe way. The safety committee meets once in two months to evaluate safety
standards and discuss the concerned issues pertaining to health and safety. The committee
identifies the need and reviewed by the plant manager periodically to ensure the status of
implementation of recommendations made in the meeting. The follow up of recommendations is
carried out by the safety department.
4. Accident Investigation, Reporting and Implementation of
Recommendations.
4.1 Facilities should investigate the incidences to identify the root causes of accidents to prevent
repeated or similar accidents and to assess the need for improvements in equipment
maintenance, training and operating procedures. The concept of root cause involves identifying
managements, system’s inadequacies or failures, such as poor design or lack of training. To
address the root cause would be to design a failsafe process, or make operators more aware of
proper procedures, rather than focusing on the initiating cause and assigning blame.
4.2 The record of accidents in maintained in the formats prescribed under Factories Rule and
these records are retained in the safety department up-to 10 years.
4.3 The accident report is communicated to top management for perusal and directions. The
implementation of the recommendations is ensured by assigning specific targets, time and
responsibilities to the concerned department and the follow up is done in daily planning meeting
till the achievement. The Audited status for accident Investigation.

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4.4 Safety Inspections
In order to ensure that the various activities in the plant are being carried out according to
management’s intentions, it is extremely important that daily/periodic internal/external safety
inspections should be carried out. These inspections should be a regular exercise and should be
carried out by the supervisors and managers. The main intention of such inspection is to control
the potential hazards in the working environment. For conducting such inspections checklist are
designed considering every aspects of safety and every mode of various system elements which
can lead to an accident.
The following types of inspections are being carried out at MUNPL Super Thermal Power Station.
5.1 Safety Education & Training
Training of supervisory and operational personnel provides the most immediate opportunities to
increase awareness of Health & Safety Issues and ensures the competence of employees in
performing their responsibilities. Training programs are key to answer the effectiveness of safe
operating procedures (SOPs), maintenance program, pre start up reviews, emergency response
etc. During the refresher training the employees are reminded of appropriate procedure
periodically and of alterations that have occurred. To minimize the risk of accidents occurring and
to familiarize employees with their assigned tasks, a successful training program for facilities,
with complex chemical processing operation should include the following-
Initial and refresher for all employees.
Procedures to confirm that, all employees are competent to do their job safely.
Additional training after any change is made to the process or to the facility overall.
Formal documentation etc.
5.2During audit the team evaluated the following components:-
 Training
 Periodic training/ re-training
 Safety communication/ motivation/ promotion
 The Audited Status for Safety Education & Training
6. First –Aid and Occupational Health Centre
6.1First aid is crucial element in a life threatening condition until medical help arrives. By acting
appropriate and quickly, the outcome of many emergencies can be ruled out. Generally accepted
practices with regards to first aid can be grouped into two activities:-

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 Training of employees in first-aid
 Acquiring equipment to support first aid.
6.2 An employer is also responsible for providing facilities of occupational health centre for the health
of employees. These include the provision of adequate and appropriate first-aid facilities. The
sincere and planned activity in this area requires the following steps:
 Selection and training of first-aid personnel.
 Selection, location and maintenance of first-aid and occupational health
centre.
 Policies, procedures and processes associated with the use of first-aid
services and facilities.
6.3 The above three points are very closely linked with the nature of the work performed and
likely injuries or disease needing treatment, the location, layout and size of the working area and
distribution of the employees.
7. Housekeeping
7.1 Housekeeping is the most scientific method of storage and handling of raw materials and
finished products and for safer use of chemicals. Housekeeping broadly is a mental habit and it
can be explained completely in few words i.e. A place of everything and everything in its place.
7.2 It is a general practice in industries that anything can be kept at any place according to the
need of the day, while as per rule of housekeeping , things must be kept at proper places every
time and every day. Poor housekeeping is the main reason for increasing risk because of
minor/major accident. Many accident attributes in poor maintenance, falls on broken floors or
wrong down steps or stairs, falls of or from defective ladder, chairs, access to dangerous parts of
machinery through broken or wrongly fixed guards, un-repaired damage to electrical equipment
or ear thing arrangements, plugs, fans etc. may lead to risk of electrical shocks. Dirty windows or
light fittings may reduce the level of illumination, which results in indirect cause of an accident.
7.3 Good housekeeping cannot be left to sudden, unplanned activities but proper planning by
owing active responsibility at the management level is essential for it.
This planning starts from designing and commissioning stage of the unit by designing layout of
the sections and machinery in such a way that it makes easy for order for operations and
cleanliness activities.
The general observations for the facility are:
 The aisles, walkway, stairways, gangways and emergency escape routes are free of
clutter.

73
 The work areas were clean and free of flammable debris.
 The trash and other cotton wastes are picked up at regular intervals and stored in proper
disposal containers. As observed during the visit, the trash is not allowed to collect in
corners, under machinery in stairwells or in other out of the way places.
 The tool, parts and portable equipment were placed at proper place.
 The safety officer while conducting safety inspection checks the housekeeping standards
and bring into notices the faults or lacunas.
 Coal handling Plant has dust extraction system and dust suppression system for
effectively curbing dust.
8. Work Environment Monitoring System
8.1 Monitoring of the wok environment is critical from the point of view of ergonomics as well as
safety. The illumination, noise, ventilation levels affect the overall operability of the work
environment. Thus it becomes crucial that they are monitored regularly. Housekeeping also forms
a part of it.
9. Safe Operating Procedures
9.1 The safe/Standards operating procedures (SOPs) provide the basis for coherent, safe facility
operation by supporting safety in day to day activities and in operations training programmes.
SOPs describe site access, process startups and shutdowns during routine and emergency
operation, lock-out and tag-out, confined space entry, operation process equipment or piping
storage, handling, loading and unloading. SOPs addressing operation parameters should include
operating instructions about pressure limits, temperature ranges, flow rates and steps on how to
handle process deviations.
9.2 Further SOPs should be reviewed as necessary to ensure that they reflect current operating
practices (including changes that result from alterations in process, technologies, equipment and
modifications of the facility). And that current information is transmitted as part of employees
training.
10. Work Permit Systems
10.1 The non-routine work being conducted in process area needs to be controlled in consistent
manner. The relevant hazards should be communicated to those doing the work as well as those
operating personnel whose work could be affected. A system of ‘Work Permit’ protects
employees and others from potentially hazardous situation resulting from non-routine operations
that may take place in process area.
10.2 Therefore the development of ‘Work Permit Systems’ is essential for ensuring the safe
performance of operations, which have been proved to be hazardous.

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10.3 At MUNPL Plant the following work permit are adopted:
 Hot work Permit
 Cold Work Permit
 Electrical Work Permit
 Height work Permit
 Concrete work Permit
Height work Permit:
11. Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE)
11.1 The Protective of Personnel for any possible injury during the process/operations involved in
the facilities is one of the duties of the employer. This is too managed by the provisions of a
suitable range of readily available and easy to use protective equipment, so that when the need
for such personnel protection is perceived, preferable by the workers themselves these may be
readily brought in to use. The care and , matching of equipment accurately to the technical and
personnel need is vital , as uncomfortable personal protective equipment will not be worn. The
range of equipment necessary will depend entirely on the type of operations.
11.2 The use of PPE should never be relied on as primary be method of control. Such equipment
is always subjected to breach in integrity that is globe, permeation, respirator, breakthrough,
equipment failure and general lack of hundred percent protections. PPE always need to be used
in conjugation with other means of control such as engineering technology. In this manner the
PPE serves as backup and establishes a reluctant system.
12. Fire Protection
12.1 Fire protection facility at the installation is the outcome of overall “fire safety” system study.
The most basic element of fire safety is prevention. Appropriate design and layout of the facility
and operations procedures and arrangement are essential to fire preventions.
12.2 Matters, which are considered as part of the fire prevention, include:
 Building design and compliances with the building regulations:
 Elimination/minimization of hazardous materials in storage or in process;
 Elimination of ignition sources;
 Bund design, construction and capacity
 Type of medium suitable for the hazard (for example, minimizing use of fire fighting water);
 Separation of incompatible materials; and

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12.3 Fire detection and protection include
 Detention of fire pre-conditions, for example, leaks and spills of flammables, flammable o
explosive atmosphere.
 Explosive suppression;
 Detection of combustion, smoke, flame, early warning system, thermal alarm systems.
 Fire suppression, for example, automatic sprinkler systems, foam systems, hydrant
systems, hose reel systems, monitors ( water and foam).
 Prevention of propagation for example, cooling deluge systems, drenches systems:
 Isolation of fuel supply essentials means of control of gas or liquid flows from storage
vessels, including pump control, valves, switch or control actuators (local or remote).
 Ensuring appropriate hydraulic design.
12.4 In addition to fixed fire protection systems, provision for first aid fire protection equipment
and operational arrangements must be considered. Relevant matters to be covered include:
 Provision of portable fire extinguishers-size, type, medium, number, location, testing and
maintenance.
 Provision of hose reels-number, location type, testing and maintenance. Installed hose reels
can remove the need for water type extinguishers.
 Provision of warning signs (including exit signs and first aid firefighting equipment use
instruction signs), location, type, Size;
 Site for crews—formation, training, responsibility and drills.
 Training of operators/staff—knowledge of plant, materials, emergency actions/shut done
procedures; and
 Road vehicles measures—extinguishers and vehicle maintance.
13. New Equipment Inspection and Review
13.1 The introduction and initial start up of new equipment at eh workplace without prior
inspection is an event where the operational force is at the risk. For elimination of risk involved
with the new equipment it should be ensured that the equipment is properly and thoroughly
examined from the point of view of safety requirement to avoid any occupational hazard
associated with that equipment and its operation.
13.2 The major public sectors like NTPC involves procurement and installations of new
equipment time to time, hence it is very important to analyze every equipment through safety
angle.

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14. Machine and General Area Guarding
14.1Wherever there is arisk of exposure to dangerous parts during operations, examination,
lubrication, adjustment or maintenance, the machine and general guarding can play an important
role in minimizing the risk associated with various operations and equipment. The primary
function of guard is to provide a physical barrier, which prevents access to dangerous parts of a
machine. The guards should be designed for easy removal and replacement; this will make tasks
such as cleaning, machine adjustment o belt change easier particularly if this needs to be done
regularly.
14.2 The following hazards associated with machine/ equipment can be controlled with use of
proper guards:
 Contact or entanglement with machinery;
 Trapped between machine and material or fixed structure;
 Contact with material in motion.
 Being stuck by ejected parts of machinery;
 Being stuck by material ejected from machine;
 Release of potential energy;
14.3 There are several types of guard available suiting to particular purposes. They are fixed
guards, interlocking guards, automatic guards, distance guards, trip guards etc.
15. Material Handling and Equipment
15.1 Every industrial activity involves extensive handling of materials by workers as well as by
machines .Most of the accidents leading to injury or sometimes fatal take place due to improper
material handling of mal-operations of handling equipment. The material handling at the
workplace can be split in into two categories, i.e. manual handling and mechanical handling. The
manual handling involves lifting, pulling and carrying of materials etc. and the mechanical
handling of material involves the use of various handling equipment like cranes, hoists, lifts,
conveyors etc.
15.2 The material handling i.e., manual or mechanical poses the risk of injuries/accidents due to
inadequate operations, lack of training in operations, mechanical failure of equipment due to
deficiencies in design and maintenance procedures and due to inadequate system of monitoring
and directions of safe handling of materials.

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16. Safety Manual and Rules
16.1 In addition to the general requirements and consistency issues, the general rules governing
operators training that directly affect the content and structures of operating procedures, are vey
essentials for the following purposes:
 Training employees in operating procedures;
 Training employees in an overview of the process;
 Emphasizing specific safety and health hazards;
 Ascertaining that employees have the knowledge, skills and abilities required to perform
the tasks specified in the operating procedures;
 Providing refreshers training to assure that operators understand and adhere to the
operating procedures;
16.2 The above training requirements imply for documentations that-
 Describe the process;
 Emphasizes specific hazards;
 States the knowledge, skills and abilities required to follow the procedures.
16.3 An effective way to convey and maintain the procedural information is to develop a
comprehensive operating manual, which can be used as a training document and as a reference
to the operational staff for various operations. By developing a single operating manual, the
management of the facility can reduce the resources required to maintain two or more sets of
documentation i.e. individual operating procedures as well as training material.
17. Health & Safety Improvement Plans
The purpose of health and safety improvement plan is to identify, evaluate and control the
potential hazards related to different operations involved in the process, system to maintain safe
and healthy working conditions, which ultimately results in productivity. Proper planning and
execution of safety protocols protect the employees from accidents and needless exposures to
hazardous situations.
RESPONSIBILITIES
SITE IN-CHARGE:
 To appoint HSE co-coordinators.
 To chair monthly site HSE review Meetings.
 To define roles and responsibilities of the employees under their control with respect to
HSE Management System Implementation.
 To coordinate with MR for setting HSE objectives and targets in BSC.
 To formulate detailed schedule of activities for implementation of HSE programs.
 To implement Operational Control Procedures (OCPs).

78
 To arrange resources for implementation of HSE programs.
 To identify and arrange for provision of required training to employees as well as
suppliers/contractors.
 To ensure investigation into any significant incident or safety lapse.
 To ensure corrective action and preventive action for non- conformities / observations.
 To generate HSE performance reports and forwarding the same to MR.
 To communicate the feedback received from interested parties to MR and vice versa.
 To communicate to suppliers / contractors regarding HSE issues pertaining to the activities
/services provided by suppliers / contractors and to ensure their training, if required.
 To ensure effective implementation of Emergency Preparedness Response Plans and
Periodic mock drills.
HEALTH, SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT CO-ORDINATOR/ OFFICER:-
 Carry out safety inspection of Work Area, Work Method, Men, Machine & Material, P&M
and other tools and tackles.
 Facilitate inclusion of safety elements into Work Method Statement.
 Highlight the requirements of safety through Tool-box / other meetings.
 Help concerned HOS to prepare Job Specific instructions for critical jobs.
 Conduct investigation of all accident/dangerous occurrences & recommend appropriate
safety measures.
 Advice & co-ordinate for implementation of HSE permit systems, OCPs & MPs.
 Convene HSE meeting & minute the proceeding for circulation & follow-up action.
 Plan procurement of PPE & Safety devices and inspect their healthiness.
 Report to PS Region/HQ on all matters pertaining to status of safety and promotional
program at site level.
 Facilitate administration of First Aid.
 Facilitate screening of workmen and safety induction.
 Conduct fire Drill and facilitate emergency preparedness.
 Design campaigns, competitions & other special emphasis programs to promote safety in
the workplace.
 Apprise PSWR/HQ on safety related problems.
 Deploy safety wardens suitably.
 Notify site personnel non-conformance to safety norms observed during site visits / site
inspections.
 Recommend to Site In charge, immediate discontinuance of work until
 Rectification, of such situations warranting immediate action in view of imminent danger to
life or property or environment.
 To decline acceptance of such PPE / safety equipment that do not conform to specified
requirements.
 Encourage raising Near Miss Report on safety along with, improvement initiatives on
safety.
 Shall work as interface between various agencies such customer, package-in charges,
subcontractors on HSE matters.

79
SECTION IN-CHARGE (RESPECTIVE PACKAGE IN CHARGE):
 Shall report to Construction Manager.
 Shall demonstrate the personal commitment of his subordinates towards implementation
of HSE targets.
 Shall implement the requirements of the client and company safety policy and the HSE
Plan.
 Shall manage supervisory structure within their respective sections to ensure
 that the detailed requirements of Health Safety and Environment Policy of the Customer/
Company is understood and implemented by all personnel engaged in their respective
area of operation.
 Shall ensure that the persons working under him shall be competent to maintain the Safety
Standards at their site.
 Shall continuously review HSE performance within his sections to ensure that performance
targets are being achieved.
 Shall ensure that Induction Training and Tool Box talks are conducted at his site regularly.
 Shall conduct periodic HSE inspection and mock-drill.
 Shall ensure that specific Risk Assessments conducted by trained and competent
personnel at the appropriate time and that the resultant control measures are
communicated to the persons responsible for supervising and executing the work.
 Shall ensure that all management and supervisory personnel engaged within his section
conduct routine HSE surveillance.
ALL EMPLOYEES:
 To adopt safe working practices wherever they are undergoing.
 To take corrective action and preventive action in case any non-conformity is observed on
product / process / system with respect to Occupational Health, Safety and Environment.
 To report all incidents including near miss to HSE officer or HSE coordinator (Site) / HOD.
 In case any particular activity / work has extremely high consequential risk or high
environmental impact, the employee shall bring it to the notice of Site In charge before
starting the work.
 To ensure that the workers are engaged by the contractor for the job after undergoing
induction training.
 To ensure that the persons engaged in his area follow the safety rules like using
appropriate PPEs.
 To get involved in exercises like Job Safety Analysis and Work Permit System.
 To engage licensed electricians for site electrical works.
 To report any incident including near misses or safety lapses immediately to safety
officer/HSE co-coordinator/RCM.
 To interfere/ stop work as & when identified unsafe.
 To maintain & promote improved level of house-keeping all the time at site.
 To support/co-operate with audit team members as & when safety audits are carried out.

80
 To involve in investigation, if any incident occurs in his work area.
 To participate in safety promotional programs.
 To attend the safety committee meeting, if he is a member/ invitee.
 To ensure that only fit T&Ps and qualified persons are engaged.
SITE IN -CHARGE OF SUBCONTRACTOR AND MANPOWER:
 Shall engage qualified safety officer(s) as per contract.
 Shall adhere to the rules and regulations mentioned in this code, practice very strictly in
his area of work in consultation with his concerned engineer and the safety coordinator.
 Shall screen all workmen) for health and competence requirement before engaging for the
job and periodically thereafter as required.
 Shall not engage any employee below 18 years.
 Shall arrange for all necessary PPEs like safety helmets, belts, full body harness, shoes,
face shield, hand gloves etc. before starting the job.
 Shall ensure that no working men/women carry excessive weight more than stipulated in
Factory Rule Regulation R56.
 Shall ensure that all T&Ps engaged are tested for fitness and have valid certificates from
competent authorities.
 Shall ensure that provisions stipulated in contract Labour Regulation Act 1960, Chapter V
C.9, canteen, rest rooms/washing facilities to contracted employees at site.
 Shall adhere to the instructions laid down in Operation Control Procedures (OCPs).
 Shall ensure that person working above 2.0 meter should use Safety Harness tied to a
lifeline/stable structure.
 Shall ensure that materials are not thrown from height. Cautions to be exercised to prevent
fall of material from height.
 Shall report all incidents (Fatal/Major/Minor/Near Miss) to the Site engineer/HSE officer of
NTPC MUNPL MEJA.
 Shall ensure that Horseplay is strictly forbidden.
 Shall ensure that adequate illumination is arranged during night work.
 Shall ensure that all personnel working under subcontractor are working safely and do not
create any Hazard to self and to others.
 Shall ensure display of adequate signage/posters on HSE.
 Shall ensure that mobile phone is not used by workers while working.
 Shall ensure conductance of HSE audit, mock drill, medical camps, induction training and
training on HSE at site.Shall ensure full co-operation during HQ/External /Customer HSE
audits.
SITE HSE COMMITTEE:
 Site HSE committee shall consist of Construction Manager (Chairman), Site HSE
coordinator (Secretary/Convener), HOS (Member), Site In charge of
Subcontractors(Member) and Safety officer of Subcontractors (Member).
 Shall evaluate a suitable course of action for the effective implementation of safety system
& procedures. Committee will also ensure that all the relevant codes & acts / rules are
followed.

81
 Shall meet monthly and as and when required, to discuss ways and means to eliminate
unsafe acts/condition.
 Shall monitor the performance of the HSE programs and suggest improvements as
required.
 Shall discuss exception points relating to HSE Audits, sub-contractors HSE practices,
incident reports, near miss reports, etc.
 Shall analyze the high risk activities to be undertaken in the near future to identify hazards
and decide on the control measures to be taken.
 Shall inspect the site on regular intervals to locate unsafe conditions with reference to the
inspection checklist.
 Shall investigate all accidents and strengthening the safety program by additional
precautions, if any based on the accident investigate.
Color scheme for Helmets:
1. Workmen: Yellow
2. Safety staff: Green or white with green band
3. Electrician: Red
4. Others including visitors: White
DRINKING WATER:
• Drinking water shall be provided and maintained at suitable places at different elevations.
• Container should be labeled as “Drinking Water”
• Cleaning of the storage tank shall be ensured at least once in 3 months indicating date of
cleaning and next due date.
• Portability of water should be tested as per IS 10500 at least once in a year.
3.5.7: TRAINING ON HEIGHT WORK:
Training on height work shall be imparted to all workers working at height by in-house/ external
faculty at least twice in a year. The training shall include following topics:
Use of PPEs
 Use of fall arrester, retractable fall arrester, life line, safety nets etc.
 Safe climbing through monkey ladders.
 Inspection of PPEs.
 Medical fitness requirements.
 Mock drill on rescue at height.
 Dos & Don’ts during height work.

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HOUSEKEEPING:
 Proper housekeeping to be maintained at work place and the following are to be taken
care of on daily basis.
 All surplus earth and debris are removed/disposed off from the working areas to identified
locations.
 Unused/Surplus cables, steel items and steel scrap lying scattered at different
places/elevation within the working areas are removed to identified locations.
 All wooden scrap, empty wooden cable drums and other combustible packing materials,
shall be removed from workplace to identified locations. Sufficient waste bins shall be
provided at Different work places for easy collection of scrap/waste. Scrap chute shall be
installed to remove scrap from high location.
 Access and egress (stair case, gangways, ladders etc.) path should be free from all scrap
and other hindrances.
 Workmen shall be educated through tool box talk about the importance of housekeeping
and encourage not to litter.
 Labour camp area shall be kept clear and materials like pipes, steel, sand, concrete, chips
and bricks, etc. shall not be allowed in the camp to obstruct free movement of men and
machineries.
 Fabricated steel structures, pipes & piping materials shall be stacked properly.
 No parking of trucks/trolleys, cranes and trailers etc. shall be allowed in the camp, which
may obstruct the traffic movement as well as below LT/HT power line.
 Utmost care shall be taken to ensure over all cleanliness and proper upkeep
of the working Areas.
EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE:
Emergency preparedness and response capability of site shall be developed as per
Emergency Preparedness and Response plan issued by Regional HQ.
Availability of adequate number of first aiders and fire warden shall be ensured with BHEL and
its sub-contractors.
Assembly point shall be earmarked and access to the same from different location shall be
shown.
Fire exit shall be identified and pathway shall be clear for emergency escape.
Appropriate type and number of fire extinguisher shall be deployed as per Fire extinguisher
deployment plan and validity shall be ensured periodically through inspection
Adequate number of first aid boxes shall be strategically placed at different work places to
cater emergency need. Holder of the first aid box shall be identified on the box itself that will have
the responsibility to maintain the same.
First aid center shall be developed at site with trained medical personnel and ambulance.

83
Emergency contact numbers (format given in EPRP) of the site shall be displayed at prominent
locations.
Tie up with fire brigade shall be done in case customer is not having fire station.
Tie up with hospital shall be done in case customer is not having hospital.
Disaster Management group shall be formed at site
Mock drill shall be conducted on different emergencies periodically to find out gaps in
Emergency preparedness and taking necessary corrective action.

84
CHAPTER-4
METHODOLOGY

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