1. Spatial

2. Spatial-

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Tessellation •
Spatial Aggregations •
SQL 2012- •

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₪ – •
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- DBA •
MS SQL 2000-2012 –
Oracle 9i-11g –
SQL Anywhere 10 –
Sybase –

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Reporting Services –
Integration Services –
Spatial –
PowerShell –
Mirroring, Replication –
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8. GIS •
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Y X –
Y X –
Y X –
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10. DB-
SQL- •
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x,y,z –
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WGS84- –
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11. Point –
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M- z x,y •
POINT(10 10) / POINT(10 10 10 1)
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Linestring –
LINESTRING(0 0, 10 10) •
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12. Polygon
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Collection –
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GeomCollection •
MultiPoints,MultiPolygon,MultiLineString •

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–STGeomFromText •
SET @g = Geometry::STGeomFromText('LINESTRING(0 0, 10 10, 21 2)',0)
– STEnvelope •
– STConvexHull •
– STDifference() •
– STIntersection() •
– STUnion() •

15. latitude- longitude - •
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WGS84 GPS

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17. Spatial indexes
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O(n)O(logn)

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<>=
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Fixed quadtree •
index
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21. B-trees- SQL- •
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four-level grid - SQL- B-
hierarchy
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24. •
Level Grid configuration Number of cells
Low 4x4 16
Medium 8x8
High 16x16 256
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• CREATE SPATIAL INDEX SIndx_SpatialTable_geography_col3 ON
SpatialTable2(object) WITH ( GRIDS = ( LEVEL_3 = HIGH, LEVEL_2 = HIGH ) );

25. Tessellation
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touched cells •

26. Tessellation Rules
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tessellation rules
The covering rule •
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28. The cells-per-object rule •

29. The deepest-cell rule •

31. Spatial Aggregation
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• SELECT Geography::UnionAggregate(geog) FROM Counties WHERE name = 'Washington';
• SELECT Geography::EnvelopeAggregate(geog) FROM Counties WHERE name = Washington';
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32. • SELECT Geography::CollectionAggregate(geog) FROM Counties WHERE name = 'Washington';
• SELECT Geography::ConvexHullAggregate(geog) FROM Counties WHERE name = 'Washington';

33. SQL 2012 -
Circular Arc- •
– CircularString
– CompoundCurve
– CurvePolygon
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DECLARE@CircularSegmentGEOGRAPHY
=GEOGRAPHY::STGeomFromText('CIRCULARSTRING(0 -30, 0 0, 0 30)',4326);
SELECT @CircularSegmentAS Shape;

34. Full Globe Support
SQL 2008 •
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– EnvelopeAngle() method returns 180 for objects larger than a logical
hemisphere and < 90 for smaller objects
– ReorientObject() reverses the ring orientation
DECLARE @Globe GEOGRAPHY=GEOGRAPHY::STGeomFromText('FULLGLOBE',4326);
SELECT @Globe.STArea();-- calculate the area of the WGS84 ellipsoid
-- Result: 510,065,621,710,996 square meters

35. Spatial Index Enhancements
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Auto-grid •
GRIDS –
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Hints •

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