Cervical cancer in short

1. CERVICAL CANCER
DR. SRABANA MISRA BHAGABATY, MD
ASSISSTANT PROFESSOR,
DEPARTMENT OF PREVENTIVE ONCOLOGY
DR. B.BOROOAH CANCER INSTITUTE

2. Om , sarve bhavantu sukhina
sarve santu niramaya
sarve bhadrani pasyantu
ma kashchi dukha bhagbhavet
om shanti, santi santi

3. CANCER
CANCER OCCURS WHEN CELLS IN A
PART OF THE BODY BEGIN TO GROW
OUT OF CONTROL.
NORMAL CELLS DIVIDE AND GROW IN
AN ORDERLY FASHION, BUT CANCER
CELLS DO NOT.
THEY CONTINUE TO GROW AND
CROWD OUT NORMAL CELLS. THIS
OUT OF CONTROL GROWTH IS THE
HALLMARK OF CANCER.

4. CERVIX: THE LOWERMOST PART OF WOMB (UTERUS). IT IS THE OPENING OF
THE UTERUS INTO THE VAGINA
FELLOPIAN TUBES
OVERIES
UTERUS
CERVIXVAGINA
SRABANA

5. GLOBOCON 2012:
CERVICAL CANCER
INCIDENCE
SRABANA

6. GLOBOCON 2012:
CERVICAL CANCER
MORTALITY
SRABANA

7. GLOBALLY
5 LAKH 28 THOUSANDS NEW CASES
2 LAKH 66 THOUSANDS DEATH
INDIAN SCENERIO
1 LAKH 23 THOUSANDS NEW CASES
67 THOUSANDS DEATH
SRABANA

9. SRABANA
PBCR-2009-11

10. WHAT CAUSES CERVICAL CANCER ?
SRABANA
• The central cause of cervical cancer is human
papillomavirus ( HPV )
ROUTES OF INFECTION
> HPV is transmitted through sexual contact with HPV
infected partner
HOW COMMONE IS THIS EXPOSURE
> More than 75% of sexually active women have been
exposed to HPV by age 18-22 years

11. If someone gets HPV infection, does it mean
she will definitely get cervical cancer?
Not always!
In most cases HPV infection will go away
Only women with persistent HPV (where the
virus does not go away) are at risk for cervical
cancer

12. NATURAL HISTORY OF CERVICAL CANCER
HPV
Infecti
on
dysplasi
a
High
grade
dysplasia
Invasive
cancer
- 70%
-15% -15% in 2 years
- 33% in 10 years
SRABANA

13. Other risk factors of cervical cancer
 EARLY MARRIAGE
 YOUNG AGE AT FIRST PREGNANCY
 SHORT INTEVAL BETWEEN PREGNANCY
 POOR NUTRITION
 POOR GENITAL HYGEINE
 WOMEN WITH STD
 WOMEN WITH MULTIPLE SEXUAL PARTNER
 HUSBAND WITH MULTIPLE SEXUAL PARTNER
 SMOKING
SRABANA

14. PREVENTION AND
EARLY DETECTION
CAN SAVE LIVES

15. PREVENTION :
By lowering risk
 Delay onset of sexual activity
 AVOID TOBACCO
 Maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle
 Practicing safe sex. Condoms decrease the chance of
HPV exposure.
 If eligible, getting the vaccine that prevents most
cervical cancers.
 Getting Pap test and HPV testing as recommended by
health care provider.
SRABANA

16. :HPV VACCINATION :
It is recommended that girls
receive the vaccine prior to
becoming sexually active.
There are two HPV vaccines
(Gardasil and Cervarix) which
reduce the risk of cancerous or
precancerous changes of the
cervix and perineum by about
93% and 62%, respectively
SRABANA

17. Gardasil(types 6, 11, 16, 18) is given in three injections over six
months. The second injection is two months after the first, and
the third injection is six months after the first shot was
administered.
Immunization with Cervarix (type 16 and 18)consists of 3 doses
of 0.5-mL each, by intramuscular injection according to the
following schedule: 0, 1, and 6 months. The preferred site of
administration is the deltoid region of the upper arm
SRABANA

18. CERVICAL CANCER – IDEAL FOR SCREENING
• CERVIX EASILY ACCESSIBLE FOR
EXAMINATION
• LONG LATENT PRECANCEROUS PHASE
SRABANA

19. TESTS FOR EARLY DETECTION
• VIA- VISUAL INSPECTION UNDER ACETIC ACID
• VILI-VISUAL INSPECTION UNDER LUGOLS
IODINE
• PAP TEST
SRABANA

20. What is a Pap test?
 A test which collects cells from the surface of the cervix and
looks for any abnormal cells
 Abnormal cells can be treated before cervical cancer
develops
 When cancer is detected early, it is easier
to treat
SRABANA

21. WHO RECOMMENDATION FOR
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
IDEAL
3 YEARLY 20 – 65 YEARS
5 – 10 YEARS INTERVAL AGE GROUP 35 – 65
YRS.
IF RESOURCES LIMITED
A SINGLE APPROPRIATELY TIMED SMEAR
PREFERRABLY AROUND 40 YEARS FOR
MAXIMUM EFFECT
SRABANA

22. CANCER CERVIX – REASONS
FOR LATE DIAGNOSIS
FEAR
IGNORANCE
EMBARRASSEMENT
PAINLESS SYMPTOM COMPLEX
SRABANA

23. SYMPTOMS
• ASYMPTOMATIC IN EARLY STAGES
• BLEEDING
- POST COITAL
- INTERMENSTRUAL
- POST MENOPAUSAL
• VAGINAL DISCHARGE
• PAIN
• RECTAL / URINARY SYMPTOM
• SEVER WEIGHT LOSS/ WEAKNESS
SRABANA

24. MAIN MODALITIES OFTREATMENT
• SURGERY
• CHEMOTHERAPY
• RADIOTHERAPY

25. CONCLUSION
 ONE OF THE COMMONEST CAUSE OF CANCER
RELATED DEATHS IN INDIA
 IT IS A PREVENTABLE DISEASE
 EARLY DETECTION IS POSSIBLE BY SCREENING
 PROPERLY TIMED PAP SMEAR ADDS TO THE POOL OF
EARLY DETECTION AND TREATMENT
 PUBLIC EDUCATION AND REMOVING TABOOS AND
MISCONCEPTIONS BEING PARAMOUNT IMPORTANCE
IN TOTAL CONTROL OF THE DISEASE
SRABANA

26. KV Khanapara organized by State
Tobacco Control / District Tobacco
Control Cell : Dated 25.082014. Total
participants: 1500

28. Cotton Collegiate H.S School organized by
State Tobacco Control / District Tobacco
Control Cell : Dated 26.08.2014. Total
participants: 250

29. Teachers sensitization and interective session : by Preventive
Oncology BBCI Cotton Collegiate H.S School: 11.09.2014. total
participants : 28

30. Teacher (college) student sensitization : by Preventive Oncology BBCI : National Education
Foundation of management and technology : 16.09.2014: participants: teachers: 29,
students: 170

31. Drug deaddiction centres:
Serenity foundation: 22.08.2014
Kripa foundation 29.08.2014

32. Rally 4th september 2014

33. Street play : tobacco and cancer : concept, script writing , directed
by Preventive Oncology,bbci: acting by staff of BBCI: 4th September
2014

34. CANCER AWARENESS ALONG WITH CERVICAL BREAST AND HEAD AND NECK
CANCER SCREENING CAMP: 4.11.2014: RANI COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
BLOCK

35. THANK YOU
SRABANASRABANA