CBSE Sd-IX Biology-Improvement in food resources.

1. IMPROVEMENT IN FOOD
RESOURCES

2. ANNEXURE-
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IMPROVEMENT IN CROP YIELD
Fruits and vegetables
Crop seasons
Crop Production Management
Manures and Fertilizers
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Fertilizers
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Irrigation
Few pictures
Cropping patterns
Weed control & Insect pest control Disease of
crop plants
animal husbandry
Fish production
Bees
conclusion
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3. IMPROVEMENT IN CROP YIELDS . TYPES :1] Seeds : Not all seeds of plants are edible like seeds
of apple or cherries. Edible seeds include cereals,
pulses , oil seeds & nuts.
Cereals : They include crops like wheat, rice, maize,
barley etc.
Pulses : They include legumes such as chicken pea
gram, pea, black gram, pigeon pea etc.
Oil seed crop: They include cotton seed, niger ,
soybean etc.
Nuts or Dry Fruits : Nuts are rich in protiens .
Example include – coconut, peanut, date, walnut.

4. FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Fruits: they include
apple
, mango, cherry, str
awberry, watermelo
n, papaya, banana,
kiwi, litchi, custard
apple, pear and
many more.

5. Vegetables: They are edible
parts of plants of herbaceous
plants . Every part of them is
eaten like the roots as carrot or
radish, stem as
onion, garlic, are eaten, leafy
vegetables like spinach
, spices like chilly, black pepper
, fodder crops & other crops
are eaten .

6. Kharif Crop : these crop grow during rainy season [ June to October] . They are also known as summer
season crops .few examples of kharif crops are –
Garlic ,lady finger, black gram, green gram, plum ,peach
etc.
Rabi Crop: these crops are grown during November to
April . Rabi crops are known as winter crops . Some
examples of rabi crops are – cabbage , cauliflower
, carrot , radish , beans etc.

7. CROP PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT
India is a country which is based on
agriculture. The production include “no
cost” production “high cost” production .
High cost production is based on high
yielding varieties, improved farming
particles, modern technology ,least
agricultural , machines and implements .
Crop production management refers to
controlling the various aspects of crop
production , to obtain the maximum and
best yield . It has nutrition
management, irrigation and , cropping
pattern.

8. NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT
Nutrient management means controlling the selections , timing
and
amount of nutrient supply to the crops. Like living organisms, plants also require
inorganic elements are called nutrients. There are 40 elements found in the plant
ash , but only 16 elements of those elements are essential for plant growth and
development . Hence these 16 elements are called essential elements or essential
plant nutrients.
SOURCE
air
water
Soil
NUTRIENTS
Carbon (C)
, Oxygen (o)
Hydrogen (H)
TYPE
Macronutrient (=2)
Macronutrient (=1)
Macronutrient (=6)
Macronutrient (=7)

9. MANURES AND FERTILIZERS

Manures :-manures are natural fertilizers . They are bulky sources of organic matter
which supply nutrients in small quantities , and organic matter in large quantities. Manure
enrich the soil with nutrients , they add organic matter , the organic matter in manures
provides food for the soil organism . Types of manure :- Farmyard Manure [FYM]
Compost: Prepared from farm and town refuse such as vegetables and animal refuse

10. FERTILIZERS
Fertilizers provide plant nutrients , commercially manufactured using
chemicals. Fertilizers supply Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium [NPK]
. They are used for the vegetative growth. Fertilizers are divided into
following group :1] Nitrogenous fertilizers
2] Phosphatic fertilizers
3] Potassic fertilizers
4] Complex fertilizers

11. IRRIGATION
The process of supplying water to crop plants by means of
canals , wells , reservoirs, tube-wells, etc. is known as
irrigation.
Factors of controlling irrigation :
Irrigation depends on the nature of the crop Irrigation
dependent on the nature fields
1] Crop based production : some crop plants require more
water & some less water for cereals as wheat irrigation is
required before ploughing the field
2] Soil based irrigation : irrigation also depends on the nature
of the soil in which the crop is grown

12. IRRIGATION
SYSTEMS
Canal system ;in canal system , human made canals are used to
receive water from one or two reservoir
Tanks: tanks are small storage reservoir.
Wells : wells are constructed whenever exploitable ground water
are present
1] dug well and 2] tube well are two types of wells
River lift system : in this system water is directly drawn from rivers
drip and sprinkler system : this method save water and use pipes .

13. FEW PICTURES…………

14. CROPPING PATTERNS
1] mixed cropping : this is a process in which
more than one or two plants are grown
together.
2] intercropping : it aims to increase
productivity per unit area.
3] Crop rotation : the particles of growing of
different crops on a price of land in a
prepared succession.

15. WEED CONTROL & INSECT PEST
CONTROL
Weeds are the unwanted plants in the
cultivated fields.
Many insects are serious pests of plants they
attack plants in the following wayss
1] chewing insects
2] sucking insects
3] internal feeders

16. DISEASE OF CROP PLANTS
There are some names of diseases of plants
1] seed-borne disease
2] soil-borne disease
3] air-borne disease
4] water-borne disease

17. ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
The branch of agriculture that deals with the
feeding , caring ,and breeding of domestic
animals is called animal husbandry . they
include :1] cattle farming
2] breeds of buffaloes

18. FISH PRODUCTION
Marine fishes :- India is a vast scope of marine
fishery . Our marine fishery resources include 7500
kms cost line and extensive deep sea . popularly
consumed fishes are as follows :1] pomphrets2
2] mackerels
3] tuna
4] eel
5] hilsa
6] salmon , etc.

19. BEES……..
Honey & bee wax are obtained from bees
There are three types of bees . They are :1] the worker
2] queen
3] drone

20. We must do our
best to improve
food resources.

21. THANK YOU
Made by
Simran, Diksha, Sri
shti and Sonal .