Smart cards Technology

2. NAMES STREAM YEAR SEMESTER GROUP CLASS ROLL
NO
UNIVERSITY ROLL
NO
SUBROTO
DAS
IT 2ND
4TH
B2 106 10900212110
ROHIT ROSHAN IT 2ND
4TH
B2 92 10900210047
MIR SINEKADIR
ALI
IT 2ND
4TH
B2 107 10900212101
SUBHRAJIT
CHATTOPADHY
AY
IT 2ND
4TH
B2 107 10900212109
ARKARUP DEY IT 2ND
4TH
B2 93 10900210082

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are deeply indebted to our language lab
faculty for presenting us with this wonderful
opportunity to work on this project on SMART
CARD .Thanks are due to each and every
resources (Google, Wikipedia etc) from which we
have extracted valuable information in the form
of descriptions and images and last but not the
least our consistent collaboration and efforts as a
group without which this project could never have

4.  WHAT IS SMART CARD 1
 WHY SMART CARD ? 2
 HISTORY 3
 IC CARD TYPES
4
 SMART CARD CONSTRUCTION
5
 INTERFACE OF SMART CARD
6
 DIFFERENT TYPES CARD READERS
7
 PORTABLE SMART CARD READERS
8
 APPLICATIONS
9
 DISADVANTAGES
10

5. WhAT is sMArT CArD ?
A smart card, chip card, or integrated circuit
card (ICC), is any pocket-sized card with embedded
integrated circuits. A smart card or microprocessor
cards contain volatile memory and microprocessor
components. The card is made of plastic, generally
polyvinyl chloride, but sometimes acrylonitrile
butadiene styrene or polycarbonate.
A smart card is essentially a “computer on a
card.” Like modern PCs or laptops, smartcards are fully
programmable, and able to read, write, store, update
and process information. Smart cards today are
commonly used with personal computers, point-of-sale
devices, vending machines, fare collection devices and
access control devices.
1

6. WHY SMART CARD ?
With their computing power, smart cards can perform a range of functions far
more sophisticated than existing cards, which use more limited technologies
like magnetic
stripes or bar codes. For example, where memory limitations in existing card
systems
usually require a separate card for each application, smart cards have the
ability to carry a wide variety of applications (i.e., loyalty, ID, payment) on a
single card. In addition to having the capacity to contain these multiple
applications, smart card computers also have the ability to “firewall” different
applications off from each other, in order to ensure that data from multiple
applications is not improperly shared.
Smart cards are also generally more durable than magnetic stripe or bar code
cards : where these older technologies can easily rub off or be erased by
magnets, smart cards carry their microchip inside the card, protecting it (and
its data) from normal wear and tear.
Perhaps most significantly, because they are computers, smart cards have the
ability to process information and transactions right on the card – without
connections to external networks.
2

7. 1968- German inventors patent combination of plastic
cards with micro chips.
1970- Japan patent different version.
1974- Roland Moreno invents integrated chip card and
patents it in France.
1977- Motorola produces first smart card microchip.
1968- German inventors patent combination of plastic cards
with micro chips.
1970- Japan patent different version.
1974- Roland Moreno invents integrated chip card and
patents it in France.
1977- Motorola produces first smart card microchip.
HiSToRYHiSToRY
3

8. 4

9. SMART CARD ConSTRuCTion
Mostly all chip cards are built from layers of differing materials, or
substrates, that when brought together properly gives the card a
specific life and functionality. The typical card today is made from
PVC, Polyester or Polycarbonate. The card layers are printed first
and then laminated in a large press. The next step in construction is
the blanking or die cutting. This is followed by embedding a chip
and then adding data to the card. In all, there may be up to 30 steps
in constructing a card. The total components, including software
and plastics, may be as many as 12 separate items; all this in a
unified package that appears to the user as a simple device.
5

10. Antenna
Interfaces of Smart Cards
6

11. Different
Smart Card
Readers
7

12. Portable
Smart
Card
Reader
Fingerprint Authentication
8

13. ApplicAtions
CREDIT CARD
Automating Transportation Services
Telephony
Streamlining Healthcare Services
IDENTIFICATION
Internet
Digital Television Streams
9

14. DisADvAntAge
The biggest problem facing smart cards is security and the
problem is two fold. The first issue is that not all smart cards are
in fact secure.
The second issue with security involves public perception of
the technology. People must believe that the cards are secure.
This depends to a great extent upon actual security, but people
must also be convinced of it.
A third issue concerns who holds responsibility for the card. If
the cash balance is wiped clean by a memory failure, who is
liable, the person or the bank? If a transaction is not recorded,
where are the lines drawn?
The final problem which smart cards will face in their move to
diffuse extensively involves product complements 10

15. Future
Smart cards have emerged as a top candidate form any new governmental
homeland defense and security needs because of their ability to securely verify
the identity of individuals and protect access to critical facilities, such as
airports. Because some of these new cards may also have the ability to tie into
electronic payment systems, the rollout of smart cards for security purposes
may concurrently boost the use of smart cards in financial applications . Smart
cards are particularly suited for these applications because they are especially
difficult to counterfeit. Because each card carries an actual computer,
production of a counterfeit card would require not only accurate graphics
and card materials, but also the ability to perfectly duplicate a card’s computer
chip, software and unique encryption keys– making counterfeit cards virtually
impossible . An added security feature of smart cards is their ability to carry a
biometric – such as a fingerprint or iris scan – that is unique to the individual to
whom the card was issued. By encoding one’s fingerprint, for example, on a
personal smart card and requiring that any individual using that smart card first
verify that his or her fingerprint matches the fingerprint on the card, smart
cards offer strong protection against unauthorized use and
identity theft. Anyone who might steal an individual’s card will find it useless
because they will be unable to use that card due to their biometric not
matching. 11

16. FUTURE GROWTH RATE