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設計思潮研究 職碩一 103588524 李志榮
klaus krippendorff
現代設計的造型迷失,而失去原有語意
現代主義設計產品,講求造型簡潔、機能完備,久而久之,不僅產品
單調 、乏味無趣;過於雷同的造型原則使得產品之間無法區辨,也不
能回應產品越來越繁複或者是全新的功能。
設計界對於這個問題的理解就是:產品的外觀無法傳達各種不同的功
能、表現出它們的差異,造致產品無法”自我表達”(self-expression)
的後果(如圖)。因此,解決之計就
在於設計應該要讓產品能夠具有
象徵特質(symbolicqualities)這也
是 1980 年代中期產品語意學
(product semantics)的問題。
所以我自己也是認為每一系列產品,都要有它的語意存在,設計界也要
開始將重新定義產品設計語意,讓設計者將設計裡加入一個編碼,放入
各種符號、象徵,然後導出令人耳目一新的產品,讓原本的A+A=2A轉
換成 A+A=B。
這個產品雖有A功能,卻沒有
B功能ㄟ
就只是改版造型也,超爛 DER
儘管產品語意學對於現代主義造型佔了很小的一部分,但是針對那些
不反對形式主義的人可能也不是那麼重要;尤其部份設計者透過形式
操作的改變,反而讓消費者更為之瘋迷。而對於產品語意學能在 80 年
代能夠暢行其道,反而有點諷刺。然而,以造型活動為主的設計專業,
往往很容易就會把理論當成指導造型輔展的原則或定理,甚至是信仰。
在設計風格越來越淺薄到像是流行樣式時,理論也就成了只是某種時髦
的話題罷了。
A
A
A
A
產品語意學的理論奠基者之一 Klaus Krippendorff 對於,設計界相繼為
外觀風潮的熱烈炒作,並沒有一絲喜意。後來他還在某些演講中暗批某
些人將產品語意學當作搞造型的理論牌照,或是帶來商業利益的某種市場
風格。至於,他是不是那時高唱以產品語意學詮釋科技、Cranbrook 設
計學院院長麥克‧考伊(Michael McCoy),或者是運用產品語意學在國際
市場上迎戰日本商品的設計策略、飛利浦設計中心
(Concern Industrial Design Center,CIDC)主任—(Robert Blaich)就不得
而知了。
進一步看,這本成書於 70 年代,從使用者的觀點
來糾正商品過度開發的狂熱,其實也見證了消費社
會中,市場導向取代了製造導向的風潮。顯然,過
去獨斷獨行的設計師,開始受到消費市場的挑戰,
而必須重新調整其角色。在 Krippendorff 關於產品
語意學的諸多論述當中,也不經強調(人機)界面的重
要,並且進一步闡明設計的新舊範型的差異。
設計的
範型轉移
而最後我認為設計必須要注意的是,要以為大眾服務為啟發點,
產品設計的目的也是為了改善生活的不便,使人們的生活更加的
便利和美好。
芬蘭著名設計師約里奧·庫卡波羅(Yrjo Kukkapuro)也說過
“真正的設計師的作品不應該是一種瘋狂的、無用的東西”,
在今天,人們需要的依然是美觀,功能良好,充滿人文關懷
和環境意識的產品。同時我們也不能“為了語意而語意”,
我們對於傳統符號的運用,必須是在理解傳統文化的基礎
上用現代的觀念去改造和提升,支持我們今天設計的基
礎依然是人機工程學和美學。

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設計思潮 期末作業 103588524 李志榮