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THUYT_TRINH_KTMT_NHA_MAY_BIA.pptx
- 1. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY BREWERY TEAM MEMBERS: Trần Như Hồng Hạnh 1450217 Trương Nguyễn Nhã Trúc 1552405 Trần Nguyễn Đăng Khoa 1450237 Trương Thị Lý 1450345 1
- 3. Overview of beer Beer - the oldest and most widely consume alcoholic drink in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea. Beer - alcoholic beverage produced by extracting raw materials with water, boiling (usually with hops), and fermenting Usage of beer : -CO2 dissolved in beer has a quick cooling effect -Support for the digestion -have amount of vitamin is quite rich (mainly B vitamins such as vitamins B1, B2, ...). 3
- 6. Environmental treatment processes Air pollution treatment Solid waste management Wastewater treatment 6
- 7. AIR POLLUTION TREATMENT • NH3 from the refrigeration system • CO2 from fermentation • Dust, noise from the receiving and processing of raw materials (milling, grinding) • Noise and emissions from backup generators • Noise in the bottling line, cans • Dust, emissions from the transportation Sources of air pollution 7
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- 10. Dust collector Centrifugal exhaust fan blower 10
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- 14. • Water from washing pots, filtering equipment, breeding tanks, fermentation and other equipment. • Wastewater from boilers • Water mixed with malt residue and powder after drainage. • Bottled water and containers. • Toilet water, floor washing water, fermentation room, storage room. • Water from cooling system contains high content of chlorate, low carbonate. Wastewater WASTEWATER TREATMENT 14
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Notas del editor
- Beer, alcoholic beverage produced by extracting raw materials with water, boiling (usually with hops), and fermenting. In some countries, beer is defined by law—as in Germany, where the standard ingredients, besides water (90%), are malt (kiln-dried germinated barley), hops, and yeast
- https://www.britannica.com/topic/beer https://internationalbeerfest.com/liquid-gold-how-beer-is-made/ Nói luôn là giai đoạn nào sẽ thải ra chất thải gì, giống như cái ở dưới. Dust, noise, wastewater (for cleaning, cooling) SS, COD in water, sediment Plastic/ Metal packaging, label
- 01 Grinding mill Grind small the malt into the particles size (or rice grain) to the required size so that the ingredients in the material can be dissolved into water and release the enzyme to catalyze the hydrolysis process. 02 Malt cooker Hydrolysis of polymeric compounds such as starch, protein into fermentable compounds such as maltose, glucose, amino acids, etc. At the end of the malt process, sweeteners are obtained. Glucosinolation 03 Filter pot It is the process of removing ground paddy husk of malt seed from sugar solution 04 Boiling pot The clear sugar is boiled with hops to produce a characteristic bitterness, while the boiling process also evaporates and precipitates unwanted compounds and sterilizes the solution. 05 Scale separator Remove ingredients such as petal berry, the precipitate formed during boiling 06 Quick heat The boiled water (100oC) is brought to the appropriate temperature for the yeast to operate as 10 - 15oC. This temperature depends on the type of yeast and the type of beer. 07 Fermentation tank Refrigerated yeast and yeast are put into the fermenting tank for fermentation. Yeast along with sugar is formed during cooking to form alcohol and CO2. Smell compounds for beer are also produced by yeast in this period. At the end of fermentation, the yeast will be removed from the fermenting tank for reuse for the next fermentation. The fermentation after fermentation will be transferred to the brewing tank to start the secondary fermentation process. 08 Beer brewing tank Is the process of metabolizing or removing unwanted compounds formed during fermentation such as diacetyl. The brewing process ends when the contents of the beer are reduced to the desired level and reach the desired time of the beer 09 Long cooling BBeer pre-filtered will be cooled down to -1 and-2 ° C to form cold residue. These scales will be removed during filtration in the later. 10 Filter in beer Yeast, cold residue, etc. will be removed to make the beer transparent. 11 Bright Beer Tank The filtered beer is stored in the beer tank pending for the extract brewing and packaging process. 12 Beer brew In extract brewing, beer is extracted into different packaging to meet the needs of customers. Keg beer has 2 liters capacity, 5 liters, 20 liters, 30 liters or 50 liters. Beer is extracted into a cans of 330ml, 500ml. Beer bottles have a capacity of 330ml, 450ml, 500ml, 750ml. Capacity of beer bottles, beer can depends on the market strategy and consumer tastes of each country.
- 1. Công nghệ sản xuất CO2 Để sản xuất CO2 thu hồi từ công đoạn lên men tại Nhà máy sản xuất Ethanol Nhiên liệu sinh học, cần thiết phải tách hơi nước, tách các hợp chất hữu cơ, tách hỗn hợp khí trơ và tách các khí vi lượng để thu được khí CO2 sạch. Mục đích của quá trình tinh chế là tách CO2 ra khỏi hỗn hợp khí thu được từ quá trình lên men rượu tại Nhà máy sản xuất Ethanol nhiên liệu sinh học với độ tinh khiết cao (99,9%) nên công nghệ hấp thụ hóa học là công nghệ phù hợp nhất. Với hiệu suất tinh chế cao, các dung môi sử dụng để hấp thụ các chất CO2 trong các nhà máy sản xuất CO2 là dung dịch KMnO4, MEA, MDEA, Na2CO3… Việc lựa chọn dung môi cho dây chuyền sản xuất phải phụ thuộc vào yêu cầu chất lượng sản phẩm đồng thời phải xem xét đến hiệu quả kinh tế của dây chuyền sản xuất đề ra. Hệ thống sản xuất CO2 từ công đoạn lên men tại Nhà máy sản xuất Ethanol nhiên liệu sinh học lựa chọn dung dịch KMnO4 và Na2CO3 là 2 dung môi hấp thụ chính vì vừa có khả năng loại bỏ hết các khí có hại như SO2, H2S, các hidrocabon, axit hữu cơ, đồng thời đem lại hiệu quả kinh tế cao vì giá thành các dung môi này khá rẻ và chúng khá phổ biến trên thị trường. 2. Các công đoạn sản xuất Việc lựa chọn công nghệ sản xuất CO2 có nhiều phương án. Chủ đầu tư cần ưu tiên sử dụng công nghệ hiện đại để sản xuất sản phẩm có chất lượng cao nhất, hiệu quả kinh tế nhất, giảm thiểu chí phí vận hành, bảo dưỡng. Hình thức lựa chọn công nghệ do Chủ đầu tư quyết định.
- Pigment powder dust contains…
- Organic : grain, Malt waste, Excess yeast, Filter aid powder Other: Broken bottle, bad bottle cap, Damaged label, carton box
- Waste water flows through the bar screen to remove large solid particles. Then it flows into holes and pumped into the tank. At the tank, adding chemicals to adjust pH that we can facilitate the UASB tank to operate effectively. Otherwise, the tank also disposes gas system to mix the dirt and prevent sedimentation in the tank. In the UASB tank, under the effect of anaerobic VSV, organic matter dissolved in water is decomposed and converted into gas. The sludge particles cling to the air bubbles which colloid the shields and break off, the exhaust gas is collected into the gas collection system, the sludge falls to the bottom and recirculate. The excess sludge will be put into a sludge tank. At Aerotank, a gas distribution system is installed at the bottom of the tank to mix the wastewater with activated sludge and create an environment for aerobic microorganisms developed. The process of decomposition of organic matter is carried out by aerobic microorganisms which produce CO2, water and biomass. Biological nutrient removal for reduction in nitrogen and phosphorus and disinfection by chlorination are sometimes required At the level II of settling tank, it occurs the sedimentation of suspended solids and activated sludge in water. Activated sludge is pumped into the sludge tank for recirculation to the Aerotank tank, the rest is pumped to the sludge tank. Sludge generated from the UASB tank, sedimentation tank II will be pumped to the silt reservoir and then pumped into the silt pond. Mud after compression is transferred to the mud press, sludge is collected for burial or fertilizer. Water generated from the slurry pool will recirculate to the collection pit. The clear water from the sediment tank II will pass through the disinfection tank to destroy the pathogenic microorganisms. Water out of the system will meet the discharge source discharge standard.
- I will summarize information about environmental treatment Nh3 for regrigerator 2. The anaerobic process can typically remove up to 85% of the total Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) load from the wastewater and convert it into biogas, which can be used as a renewable energy source to replace fossil fuel in the brewery boilers 3. Activated sludge for fertilizer, burial
- COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) is the total measurement of all chemicals including organic and inorganic compounds in water or waste water; BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand) is a measure of, the amount of oxygen that is requires for the bacteria to degrade or cleave the organic species present in water or waste water. COD values are always higher than the BOD values. Because COD includes both biodegradbale and non-biodegradable substances whereas BOD contains only biodegradable compounds. Now a waste water can generate value through production of bio gas by Anaerobic diagester . Now days mostly anaerobic diagester gives COD conversion ratio upto 90 % in result more bio gas production and less energy in aerobic treatment of Inffluent water. As we all knows Brewery waste water, the Organic loading is mainly due to Beer and Yeast and residual spent grains , which contributes more COD and yeast contributes more suspended solid, which less degradable in the Anaerobic digester as the Bacteria responsible for degradation of COD cannot digest Yeast so it slow downs the process and in result low conversion of COD in diagester The wastewater typically has COD in the range 2000-6000mg/l with a BOD/COD ratio around 0.5- 0.7. The COD consists mainly of easily biodegradable organic compounds such as sugars, ethanol and soluble starch. Because of its high biodegradability, biological treatment (anaerobic and aerobic) is the most widely used treatment process for brewery wastewater. Anaerobic and aerobic processes are often used in combination to treat brewery wastewater. In the anaerobic stage, around 70-85% of the COD is converted into biogas. This is followed by an aerobic post-treatment stage which increases the overall COD reduction to about 98% Using the resulting biogas as a fuel in the brewery boilers or in a CHP plant can generate a positive energy balance. Whether it is better to burn the biogas directly in the boiler or to set up a separate CHP plant has to be evaluated economically for each project, and will depend on local conditions, scale of operation and so on. Oil or gas fuel can partly be replaced by biogas, resulting in operational cost saving and the resulting reduction in fossil fuel use makes the brewery more sustainable. CHP plants produce both electrical and thermal energy, which attract subsidies that make it economically feasible in spite of the intial investment cost.