SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 17
Descargar para leer sin conexión
"Silence is Golden"
The power of test case immunity

T Ashok
Founder & CEO, STAG Software
Architect - HBT

  in.linkedin.com/in/AshokSTAG
  ash_thiru
Defects


         Test                    execute
                                                              SUT
        Cases

                                                                    NO defects
                                                                     "Silence"




© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
Defects


         Test                    execute
                                                              SUT
        Cases
                                   Typically we FOCUS on defects
                                   to assess software/test quality NO defects
                                                                          "Silence"
                                   by analysing defect rates, densities, distribution etc.


                                   As time progresses, defect yield drops.
                                   Then what do we analyze?
© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
Defects


         Test                    execute
                                                              SUT
        Cases

                                                                            NO defects
                                                                             "Silence"

                                                        Hmmm. What do we analyse?

                                                        Analyse the "NOTHING" - the SILENCE!
© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
The Pesticide Paradox

    "A poor farmer loses his crop and is advised to use pesticide. The next
    season, he sprays the crop with DDT killing the pests and improving the
    yield. A few seasons later, the pests become resistant to DDT and now he is
    advised to switch to a different pesticide 'Malathion'. The yield improves but
    the story repeats again after a few seasons.




© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
The Pesticide Paradox

    "A poor farmer loses his crop and is advised to use pesticide. The next
    season, he sprays the crop with DDT killing the pests and improving the
    yield. A few seasons later, the pests become resistant to DDT and now he is
    advised to switch to a different pesticide 'Malathion'. The yield improves but
    the story repeats again after a few seasons.



      "The pest that you kill with a pesticide,
      makes the pest resistant to that pesticide".
      This is the story of pesticide paradox, wonderfully illustrated by
      Dr Boris Bezier in his classic book "Software Testing Techniques". 



© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
What is this?




© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.   6
What can we learn from this?


    If you choose to see defect information
    only, analyse & use these to make
    choices, then you are limited.




© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.   7
What can we learn from this?


    If you choose to see defect information
    only, analyse & use these to make
    choices, then you are limited.




                     On the contrary if you see "no-defect" (i.e absence of
                     defect) and at the same time shifting to a higher level
                     view of seeing 'defect types'(rather the raw defects), you
                     see new information that could be far more useful!



© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.                       7
Silence is Golden.


                                    Examine the
                                    "categories of empty space"
                                    (i.e absent defect types).




© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
Silence is Golden.


                                    Examine the
                                    "categories of empty space"
                                    (i.e absent defect types).




                                                              Reflect.
                                                              See the power within.


© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
Defect typing & interpretation...


                                                                         Defects

                                                                      PDT1
                                                                      PDT2
           Test                    execute
                                                              SUT     PDT3
          Cases

                                                                      NO defects
                                                              PDT1     "Silence"
                                                              PDT2    PDT4
                                                              PDT3
                                                                      PDT5
     PDT                                                      PDT4
     Potential Defect Type                                    PDT4   i.e. These types of defects
                                                                     are NOT present
© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
Test Immunity. Hardening.


                                                                         Defects

                                                                      PDT1
                                                                      PDT2
           Test                    execute
                                                              SUT     PDT3
          Cases

                                                                      NO defects
                                                              PDT1     "Silence"
                                                              PDT2    PDT4
                                                              PDT3
                                                                      PDT5
                                                              PDT4
                                                              PDT4   i.e. These types of defects
                                                                     are NOT present
© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
Test Immunity. Hardening.
 Do Less. Prove test cases are COMPLETE
       Countability                                                      Defects

                                                                      PDT1
                                                                      PDT2
           Test                    execute
                                                              SUT     PDT3
          Cases

          Fault                                                       NO defects
       traceability
                                                              PDT1     "Silence"
                                                              PDT2    PDT4
                                                              PDT3
                                                                      PDT5
                                                              PDT4
                                                              PDT4   i.e. These types of defects
                                                                     are NOT present
© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
HBT : Hypothesis Based Testing
A Quick Introduction                                           Personal, scientific test methodology.
                                                               SIX stage methodology powered by
                                                               EIGHT disciplines of thinking (STEMTM).




                                         Setup                    Hypothesize
                                  Cleanliness Criteria        Potential Defect Types

      SUT
                                                                   Nine Stage
                               Cleanliness Assessment
                                                              Defect Removal Filter




                                                                    Click here to know more about HBT.
                                                                    http://stagsoftware.com/blog?p=570


© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
On a different note,we now know that empty
      space consists of dark matter that cannot be seen
      but probably shapes our universe.




© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
See the unseen.
     Enough philosophy. Have                                  a great conference.


                                                Thank you.
                                                                       @stagsoft
                                                                       blog.stagsoftware.com



  HBT is the intellectual property of STAG Software Private Limited.
  STEMTM is the trademark of STAG Software Private Limited.

© 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.             www.stagsoftware.com   14

Más contenido relacionado

Más de STAG Software Private Limited

Setting a clear baseline (How to test an user story #2)
Setting a clear baseline (How to test an user story #2)Setting a clear baseline (How to test an user story #2)
Setting a clear baseline (How to test an user story #2)STAG Software Private Limited
 
Question to Understand (How to test an User Story #1)
Question to Understand (How to test an User Story #1)Question to Understand (How to test an User Story #1)
Question to Understand (How to test an User Story #1)STAG Software Private Limited
 
Deliver Superior Outcomes Using HBT Visualization Tool
Deliver Superior Outcomes Using HBT Visualization ToolDeliver Superior Outcomes Using HBT Visualization Tool
Deliver Superior Outcomes Using HBT Visualization ToolSTAG Software Private Limited
 
Hypothesis Based Testing – Application and Adaptation for testing Enterprise ...
Hypothesis Based Testing – Application and Adaptation for testing Enterprise ...Hypothesis Based Testing – Application and Adaptation for testing Enterprise ...
Hypothesis Based Testing – Application and Adaptation for testing Enterprise ...STAG Software Private Limited
 
Think better using “Descriptive-Prescriptive” Approach
Think better using “Descriptive-Prescriptive” ApproachThink better using “Descriptive-Prescriptive” Approach
Think better using “Descriptive-Prescriptive” ApproachSTAG Software Private Limited
 
Test Process Transformation Protects Product Development Investment
Test Process Transformation Protects Product Development InvestmentTest Process Transformation Protects Product Development Investment
Test Process Transformation Protects Product Development InvestmentSTAG Software Private Limited
 
Agile Sutra "Do more by doing less, Prevent rather than detect"
Agile Sutra "Do more by doing less, Prevent rather than detect"Agile Sutra "Do more by doing less, Prevent rather than detect"
Agile Sutra "Do more by doing less, Prevent rather than detect"STAG Software Private Limited
 

Más de STAG Software Private Limited (20)

Seven Thinking Tools to Test Rapidly
Seven Thinking Tools to Test RapidlySeven Thinking Tools to Test Rapidly
Seven Thinking Tools to Test Rapidly
 
How to test less and accomplish more
How to test less and accomplish moreHow to test less and accomplish more
How to test less and accomplish more
 
Is regression hindering your progression?
Is regression hindering your progression?Is regression hindering your progression?
Is regression hindering your progression?
 
The Power of Checklist
The Power of ChecklistThe Power of Checklist
The Power of Checklist
 
The power of checklist
The power of checklist The power of checklist
The power of checklist
 
Webinar - 'Test Case Immunity’- Optimize testing
Webinar - 'Test Case Immunity’- Optimize testing Webinar - 'Test Case Immunity’- Optimize testing
Webinar - 'Test Case Immunity’- Optimize testing
 
Design Scientifically (How to test a user story)
Design Scientifically (How to test a user story)Design Scientifically (How to test a user story)
Design Scientifically (How to test a user story)
 
Setting a clear baseline (How to test an user story #2)
Setting a clear baseline (How to test an user story #2)Setting a clear baseline (How to test an user story #2)
Setting a clear baseline (How to test an user story #2)
 
Question to Understand (How to test an User Story #1)
Question to Understand (How to test an User Story #1)Question to Understand (How to test an User Story #1)
Question to Understand (How to test an User Story #1)
 
Language shapes the way you think
Language shapes the way you thinkLanguage shapes the way you think
Language shapes the way you think
 
Deliver Superior Outcomes Using HBT Visualization Tool
Deliver Superior Outcomes Using HBT Visualization ToolDeliver Superior Outcomes Using HBT Visualization Tool
Deliver Superior Outcomes Using HBT Visualization Tool
 
Hypothesis Based Testing – Application and Adaptation for testing Enterprise ...
Hypothesis Based Testing – Application and Adaptation for testing Enterprise ...Hypothesis Based Testing – Application and Adaptation for testing Enterprise ...
Hypothesis Based Testing – Application and Adaptation for testing Enterprise ...
 
Are Your Test Cases Fit For Automation?
Are Your Test Cases Fit For Automation?Are Your Test Cases Fit For Automation?
Are Your Test Cases Fit For Automation?
 
Think better using “Descriptive-Prescriptive” Approach
Think better using “Descriptive-Prescriptive” ApproachThink better using “Descriptive-Prescriptive” Approach
Think better using “Descriptive-Prescriptive” Approach
 
Improving Defect Yield - a three step approach
Improving Defect Yield - a three step approachImproving Defect Yield - a three step approach
Improving Defect Yield - a three step approach
 
Regression Suite Optimization
Regression Suite OptimizationRegression Suite Optimization
Regression Suite Optimization
 
Reflect and Change
Reflect and ChangeReflect and Change
Reflect and Change
 
Test Process Transformation Protects Product Development Investment
Test Process Transformation Protects Product Development InvestmentTest Process Transformation Protects Product Development Investment
Test Process Transformation Protects Product Development Investment
 
Agile Sutra "Do more by doing less, Prevent rather than detect"
Agile Sutra "Do more by doing less, Prevent rather than detect"Agile Sutra "Do more by doing less, Prevent rather than detect"
Agile Sutra "Do more by doing less, Prevent rather than detect"
 
Intelligent Automation and Smart Tooling
Intelligent Automation and Smart ToolingIntelligent Automation and Smart Tooling
Intelligent Automation and Smart Tooling
 

Último

From Event to Action: Accelerate Your Decision Making with Real-Time Automation
From Event to Action: Accelerate Your Decision Making with Real-Time AutomationFrom Event to Action: Accelerate Your Decision Making with Real-Time Automation
From Event to Action: Accelerate Your Decision Making with Real-Time AutomationSafe Software
 
04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx
04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx
04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptxHampshireHUG
 
How to convert PDF to text with Nanonets
How to convert PDF to text with NanonetsHow to convert PDF to text with Nanonets
How to convert PDF to text with Nanonetsnaman860154
 
08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking MenDelhi Call girls
 
A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)
A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)
A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)Gabriella Davis
 
A Year of the Servo Reboot: Where Are We Now?
A Year of the Servo Reboot: Where Are We Now?A Year of the Servo Reboot: Where Are We Now?
A Year of the Servo Reboot: Where Are We Now?Igalia
 
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptx
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptxThe Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptx
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptxMalak Abu Hammad
 
Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024
Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024
Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024The Digital Insurer
 
Boost PC performance: How more available memory can improve productivity
Boost PC performance: How more available memory can improve productivityBoost PC performance: How more available memory can improve productivity
Boost PC performance: How more available memory can improve productivityPrincipled Technologies
 
EIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptx
EIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptxEIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptx
EIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptxEarley Information Science
 
Factors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptx
Factors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptxFactors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptx
Factors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptxKatpro Technologies
 
Presentation on how to chat with PDF using ChatGPT code interpreter
Presentation on how to chat with PDF using ChatGPT code interpreterPresentation on how to chat with PDF using ChatGPT code interpreter
Presentation on how to chat with PDF using ChatGPT code interpreternaman860154
 
CNv6 Instructor Chapter 6 Quality of Service
CNv6 Instructor Chapter 6 Quality of ServiceCNv6 Instructor Chapter 6 Quality of Service
CNv6 Instructor Chapter 6 Quality of Servicegiselly40
 
Breaking the Kubernetes Kill Chain: Host Path Mount
Breaking the Kubernetes Kill Chain: Host Path MountBreaking the Kubernetes Kill Chain: Host Path Mount
Breaking the Kubernetes Kill Chain: Host Path MountPuma Security, LLC
 
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking MenDelhi Call girls
 
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt RobisonData Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt RobisonAnna Loughnan Colquhoun
 
IAC 2024 - IA Fast Track to Search Focused AI Solutions
IAC 2024 - IA Fast Track to Search Focused AI SolutionsIAC 2024 - IA Fast Track to Search Focused AI Solutions
IAC 2024 - IA Fast Track to Search Focused AI SolutionsEnterprise Knowledge
 
🐬 The future of MySQL is Postgres 🐘
🐬  The future of MySQL is Postgres   🐘🐬  The future of MySQL is Postgres   🐘
🐬 The future of MySQL is Postgres 🐘RTylerCroy
 
Scaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organization
Scaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organizationScaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organization
Scaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organizationRadu Cotescu
 
A Call to Action for Generative AI in 2024
A Call to Action for Generative AI in 2024A Call to Action for Generative AI in 2024
A Call to Action for Generative AI in 2024Results
 

Último (20)

From Event to Action: Accelerate Your Decision Making with Real-Time Automation
From Event to Action: Accelerate Your Decision Making with Real-Time AutomationFrom Event to Action: Accelerate Your Decision Making with Real-Time Automation
From Event to Action: Accelerate Your Decision Making with Real-Time Automation
 
04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx
04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx
04-2024-HHUG-Sales-and-Marketing-Alignment.pptx
 
How to convert PDF to text with Nanonets
How to convert PDF to text with NanonetsHow to convert PDF to text with Nanonets
How to convert PDF to text with Nanonets
 
08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Diplomatic Enclave Women Seeking Men
 
A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)
A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)
A Domino Admins Adventures (Engage 2024)
 
A Year of the Servo Reboot: Where Are We Now?
A Year of the Servo Reboot: Where Are We Now?A Year of the Servo Reboot: Where Are We Now?
A Year of the Servo Reboot: Where Are We Now?
 
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptx
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptxThe Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptx
The Codex of Business Writing Software for Real-World Solutions 2.pptx
 
Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024
Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024
Finology Group – Insurtech Innovation Award 2024
 
Boost PC performance: How more available memory can improve productivity
Boost PC performance: How more available memory can improve productivityBoost PC performance: How more available memory can improve productivity
Boost PC performance: How more available memory can improve productivity
 
EIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptx
EIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptxEIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptx
EIS-Webinar-Prompt-Knowledge-Eng-2024-04-08.pptx
 
Factors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptx
Factors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptxFactors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptx
Factors to Consider When Choosing Accounts Payable Services Providers.pptx
 
Presentation on how to chat with PDF using ChatGPT code interpreter
Presentation on how to chat with PDF using ChatGPT code interpreterPresentation on how to chat with PDF using ChatGPT code interpreter
Presentation on how to chat with PDF using ChatGPT code interpreter
 
CNv6 Instructor Chapter 6 Quality of Service
CNv6 Instructor Chapter 6 Quality of ServiceCNv6 Instructor Chapter 6 Quality of Service
CNv6 Instructor Chapter 6 Quality of Service
 
Breaking the Kubernetes Kill Chain: Host Path Mount
Breaking the Kubernetes Kill Chain: Host Path MountBreaking the Kubernetes Kill Chain: Host Path Mount
Breaking the Kubernetes Kill Chain: Host Path Mount
 
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men
08448380779 Call Girls In Friends Colony Women Seeking Men
 
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt RobisonData Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
Data Cloud, More than a CDP by Matt Robison
 
IAC 2024 - IA Fast Track to Search Focused AI Solutions
IAC 2024 - IA Fast Track to Search Focused AI SolutionsIAC 2024 - IA Fast Track to Search Focused AI Solutions
IAC 2024 - IA Fast Track to Search Focused AI Solutions
 
🐬 The future of MySQL is Postgres 🐘
🐬  The future of MySQL is Postgres   🐘🐬  The future of MySQL is Postgres   🐘
🐬 The future of MySQL is Postgres 🐘
 
Scaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organization
Scaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organizationScaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organization
Scaling API-first – The story of a global engineering organization
 
A Call to Action for Generative AI in 2024
A Call to Action for Generative AI in 2024A Call to Action for Generative AI in 2024
A Call to Action for Generative AI in 2024
 

Silence is golden - The power of Test Case Immunity

  • 1. "Silence is Golden" The power of test case immunity T Ashok Founder & CEO, STAG Software Architect - HBT in.linkedin.com/in/AshokSTAG ash_thiru
  • 2. Defects Test execute SUT Cases NO defects "Silence" © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
  • 3. Defects Test execute SUT Cases Typically we FOCUS on defects to assess software/test quality NO defects "Silence" by analysing defect rates, densities, distribution etc. As time progresses, defect yield drops. Then what do we analyze? © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
  • 4. Defects Test execute SUT Cases NO defects "Silence" Hmmm. What do we analyse? Analyse the "NOTHING" - the SILENCE! © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
  • 5. The Pesticide Paradox "A poor farmer loses his crop and is advised to use pesticide. The next season, he sprays the crop with DDT killing the pests and improving the yield. A few seasons later, the pests become resistant to DDT and now he is advised to switch to a different pesticide 'Malathion'. The yield improves but the story repeats again after a few seasons. © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
  • 6. The Pesticide Paradox "A poor farmer loses his crop and is advised to use pesticide. The next season, he sprays the crop with DDT killing the pests and improving the yield. A few seasons later, the pests become resistant to DDT and now he is advised to switch to a different pesticide 'Malathion'. The yield improves but the story repeats again after a few seasons. "The pest that you kill with a pesticide, makes the pest resistant to that pesticide". This is the story of pesticide paradox, wonderfully illustrated by Dr Boris Bezier in his classic book "Software Testing Techniques".  © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
  • 7. What is this? © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved. 6
  • 8. What can we learn from this? If you choose to see defect information only, analyse & use these to make choices, then you are limited. © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved. 7
  • 9. What can we learn from this? If you choose to see defect information only, analyse & use these to make choices, then you are limited. On the contrary if you see "no-defect" (i.e absence of defect) and at the same time shifting to a higher level view of seeing 'defect types'(rather the raw defects), you see new information that could be far more useful! © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved. 7
  • 10. Silence is Golden. Examine the "categories of empty space" (i.e absent defect types). © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
  • 11. Silence is Golden. Examine the "categories of empty space" (i.e absent defect types). Reflect. See the power within. © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
  • 12. Defect typing & interpretation... Defects PDT1 PDT2 Test execute SUT PDT3 Cases NO defects PDT1 "Silence" PDT2 PDT4 PDT3 PDT5 PDT PDT4 Potential Defect Type PDT4 i.e. These types of defects are NOT present © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
  • 13. Test Immunity. Hardening. Defects PDT1 PDT2 Test execute SUT PDT3 Cases NO defects PDT1 "Silence" PDT2 PDT4 PDT3 PDT5 PDT4 PDT4 i.e. These types of defects are NOT present © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
  • 14. Test Immunity. Hardening. Do Less. Prove test cases are COMPLETE Countability Defects PDT1 PDT2 Test execute SUT PDT3 Cases Fault NO defects traceability PDT1 "Silence" PDT2 PDT4 PDT3 PDT5 PDT4 PDT4 i.e. These types of defects are NOT present © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
  • 15. HBT : Hypothesis Based Testing A Quick Introduction Personal, scientific test methodology. SIX stage methodology powered by EIGHT disciplines of thinking (STEMTM). Setup Hypothesize Cleanliness Criteria Potential Defect Types SUT Nine Stage Cleanliness Assessment Defect Removal Filter Click here to know more about HBT. http://stagsoftware.com/blog?p=570 © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
  • 16. On a different note,we now know that empty space consists of dark matter that cannot be seen but probably shapes our universe. © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved.
  • 17. See the unseen. Enough philosophy. Have a great conference. Thank you. @stagsoft blog.stagsoftware.com HBT is the intellectual property of STAG Software Private Limited. STEMTM is the trademark of STAG Software Private Limited. © 2012. STAG Software Private Limited. All rights reserved. www.stagsoftware.com 14