AI and Future of Work
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My talk for Data Science for Social Good Meetup on March 12, 2019 in Vancouver.
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AI and Future of Work
- 1. AI and the Future of Work Dr. Stella Lee, Paradox Learning Inc. Photo by Fancycrave on Unsplash Data Science for Social Good March 12, 2019
- 2. Photo by Bence ▲ Boros on Unsplash Background
- 3. When you hear the words “Future of Work”, what is the first thing that comes to mind?
- 4. Utopia or Dystopia? Photo by Jeremy Avery on Unsplash
- 5. A Better Way to Frame the Conversation Photo by Christin Hume on Unsplash
- 6. Photo by Tim Johnson on Unsplash 1. Changes
- 7. Source: https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/employment/automation-skills-use-and-training_2e2f4eea-en#page105 Mean probability of automation by occupation
- 8. Photo by Mirza Babic on Unsplash Rise of the ATMs
- 11. Other driving forces • Aging population • Demographic shift • Canadian work culture • Public policies • Climate change • Natural resource depletion Photo by Diego PH on Unsplash
- 12. Photo by Diego PH on Unsplash 2. Opportunities
- 14. Human-Machine Collaboration • Flexibility • Judgement • Contextual awareness • Culture • Empathy • Common sense • Wisdom Photo by Andy Kelly on Unsplash
- 15. Photo by dan carlson on Unsplash 3. Risks
- 19. How can we leverage the opportunities and mitigate the risks? Photo by Jeremy Avery on Unsplash
- 20. Thanks! Connect with me: ▫ https://www.linkedin.com/in/stellal/ ▫ stella@paradoxlearning.com ▫ https://twitter.com/stellal Photo by Tincho Franco on Unsplash
Notas del editor
- There is a lot of anxiety about our future – talk of robots, automation, and AI transforming our life and particularly about our work. Given the advent of AI and smart machine technologies is fast shaping every sector: government, transportation, manufacturing, customer service, finance, education, healthcare, etc.
- Ok, let’s move on
- But the conversations tend to be very polarized: either utopia or dystopia. On the utopia front: we will be a world of abundance, robots will free up our time so we have more leisure time to play, better health care with predictive analytics (can spot diseases and treat them early), education for all with MOOC. The other camp on the dystopia front: a world of inequality, the haves and have nots gap will be wider than ever, people’s privacy will be invaded (data as dollars), mass unemployment, bias rampant
- Change, opportunities and risks
- Different industries will be disrupted differently: retails, finance, and hospitality industries will be impacted the most, while education and healthcare the least (https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/employment/automation-skills-use-and-training_2e2f4eea-en#page18).
- This is UK Skill Survey, age 21-65, survey in 2012 Changes in technology also bring about the question on how does a workplace actually change. Tasks that cannot be substituted by automation are generally complemented by it (https://economics.mit.edu/files/11563).
- The mostly cited example on how such complementary workplace arrangement looked like was the introduction of the ATMs in banks in the 70’s
- The Conference Board of Canada published a report on Canada 2030: The Defining Forces Disrupting Business
- How are these factors intertwine with technological advances? Will they amplify the problems? Counterbalance them?
- the World Economic Forum (WEF) (http://reports.weforum.org/future-of-jobs-2018/) estimated that AI in the workplace will create 133 million jobs, while 75 million jobs will be displaced by 2022. This still leaves us with a net growth of 58 million new jobs. these new jobs and emerging roles would require us to reskill and upskill in order to fully leverage these opportunities.
- A study from the Institute for the Future claims that around 85% of jobs in 2030 haven’t yet been invented
- Skills, education, your adaptability, and where you live matter. Tasks that require flexibility, judgement, contextual awareness/contextual processing of information, empathy, common sense, and wisdom will continue to be in demand, and in many instances, there will be an increased in demand as machines take away the repetitive, routine-based, and procedural-driven tasks. There is opportunity to leverage both intelligences – the interplay between human and AI.
- Change, opportunities and risks
- Acquiring more skills and educations will not necessarily offer effective protection against job displacement in the future. As a country, we are also at risk of fallen behind in terms of global competitiveness and innovation. The World Economic Forum ranks Canada at 26th for business innovation. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) ranks Canadian business investment on research and development at 22nd among OECD countries.
- Gender comes into play also - according to International Monetary Fund, women are on average face an 11 percent risk of losing their jobs due to automation as compared to 9 per cent of their male counterparts Women who are 40 and older, and those in clerical, service, and sales positons are disproportionately at risk. Furthermore, women are currently underrepresented in many emerging job opportunities.
- We might not have all the answers, but we need to start asking the right questions.