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Graduation presentation Rotterdam Olympic Games 2028
- 2. OLYMPIC AFTERMATH OLYMPIC GAMES AS A CATALYST FOR URBAN REGENERATION IN ROTTERDAM Steven van der Sande P5 presentation 2 November 2010
- 3. MOTIVATION Olympic Park, Melbourne, Australia INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 01/47
- 4. MOTIVATION The Olympics are increasingly considered a tool for urban regeneration with the intention to bring about long-term development for the host city and its region. INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 02/47
- 5. MOTIVATION “The Netherlands in 2028 is a country with a pleas- ant social climate, suffi- cient sports facilities and a world-class mobility. Hosting the Olympic and Paralympic Games will be no problem.” (NOC*NSF, 2009) INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 03/47
- 6. CONTENTS PROBLEMFIELD OLYMPIC GAMES ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 04/47
- 7. CONTENTS PROBLEMFIELD OLYMPIC GAMES ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 03/44
- 8. CONTENTS PROBLEMFIELD OLYMPIC GAMES ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 03/44
- 9. CONTENTS PROBLEMFIELD OLYMPIC GAMES ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 03/44
- 10. CONTENTS PROBLEMFIELD OLYMPIC GAMES ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 03/44
- 11. CONTENTS PROBLEMFIELD OLYMPIC GAMES ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 03/44
- 12. CONTENTS PROBLEMFIELD OLYMPIC GAMES ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS CONCLUSIONS 03/44
- 13. PROBLEMFIELD 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 LARGE 1984 1988 1996 2000 2004 1992 2008 EXPENDITURES 1972 1976 x1.000.000.000US$ short-term event TOOL long-term PROBLEM INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 05/47
- 14. PROBLEMFIELD Unemployment rate in G4 2006 Utrecht 4.4% Amsterdam 6.8% the Hague 6.5% Rotterdam 10.9% Netherlands 5.5% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% 11% 12% Average disposable income per family in G4 2005 Utrecht 20.900 Amsterdam 20.300 the Hague 20.100 Rotterdam 18.700 Netherlands 0 2.500 5.000 20.500 7.500 10.000 12.500 15.000 17.500 20.000 22.500 25.000 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 06/47
- 15. PROBLEMFIELD Amsterdam North The Hague ++ The Hague Utrecht -- wing ++ Rotterdam Southwing -- Rotterdam ++ North South -- Rotterdam South Weakest part of the weakest city in the weakest region of the Randstad INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 07/47
- 16. RESEARCH QUESTIONS How can the spatial aspects involved in hosting Olympic Games be used as a catalyst for urban regeneration within the developments and ambitions of the city of Rotterdam? What are the spatial aspects involved in the organization of Olympic Games? Which of the venues and accommodation can have an positive effect in urban regeneration projects? What are the long term spatial strategies in the city of Rotterdam? INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 08/47
- 17. THEORY CONCLUSIONS Conclusions and recommendations from the theory regarding mega-event based urban regeneration: - Always consider the local context; - Scale of interventions must fit the local needs; - Assure that the effects of interventions will be beneficial in the long run; - Success of Olympic areas largely depends on how they are embedded in the local context; it has to become part of daily life; -Let the Games be the means, but never a goal in itself. INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 09/47
- 18. SPATIAL PROGRAM INFRASTRUCTURE SPORTS VENUES ACCOMMODATION INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 10/47
- 19. INFRASTRUCTURE SPATIAL DEMAND AT PEAK FLOW = up to 6 million spectators 350.000 spectators a day 60.000 spectators per hour peakflow 60.000/hour 1.500 cars per lane per hour 3 spectators per car cars from 2 directions 7 car lanes both directions 60 busses per lane per hour 85 spectators per bus 7 bus lanes both directions busses from 2 directions 6 tram directions 40 trams per lane per hour tracks 250 spectators per tram both trams from 2 directions 30 metros per lane per hour 800 spectators per metro 1.25 track directions both lanes metros from 2 directions 12 trains per lane per hour 1200 spectators per train 2 track lanes both directions trains from 2 directions INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 11/47
- 20. SPORTS VENUES MOTIVATION STADIUMS HALLS LANDSCAPES COMPLEXES INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 12/47
- 21. ACCOMMODATION HOTEL HOTEL - permanent building perma - - permanent location perma - - permanent function perma - up to 6 million 6 million up to350.000 350.000 spectators spectators spectators a day VILLAGE spectators a day VILLAGE - permanent building perma - - permanent location perma - - temporary function tempo - CONTAINER CONTAINER - temporary ‘buildings’tempo - - tempo - temporary + permanent - tempo - temporary + permanent 70.000 beds 70.000 beds 32.000 beds 32.000 beds for spectators for spectators NOC/IF/Sponsors NOC/IF/Sponsors 35-40.000 rooms 35-40.000 15.500 rooms 15.500 rooms CAMPINGGROUND CAMPINGGROUND for spectators NOC/IF/Sponsors - tempo - temporary + permanent for spectators NOC/IF/Sponsors - tempo - temporary + permanent - tempo - temporary + permanent CRUISESHIP CRUISESHIP - temporary ‘buildings’tempo - 21.000 beds 21.000 beds 18.000 beds 18.000 beds - tempo Media Village OlympicVillage Media Village Olympic Village - temporary + permanent 17.500 rooms 9.000 rooms - tempo - temporary + permanent 17.500 rooms 9.000 rooms Media Village Media Village Olympic Village Olympic Village INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 13/47
- 22. BARCELONA AND ATHENS INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 14/47
- 23. RECOMMENDATIONS - Use existing city plans; - The area must be accessible by different means of transport; - The post-Olympic configuration must be of a desirable scale; - Post-Olympic program must be of use for the local residents; there must be a reason to go B there, a mixed program of functions; - When the complex is part of the daily route of local residents, it will keep the complex lively. A INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 15/47
- 24. ROTTERDAM HARDWARE GLOBAL NETWORK NATIONAL NETWORK EUROPEAN NETWORK Rotterdam Schiphol Amsterdam Airport Airport Central 0:12 0:19 0:35 AM2028 ROTTERD CS Paris Brussels Antwerp 2:36 1:11 0:30 London 4:08 INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 16/47
- 25. ROTTERDAM Objectives MAIN GOAL CITY VISION 2030 Rotterdam has a strong economy and is an attractive city to live in ATTRACTIVE STRONG C I T Y ECONOMY House higher High educated Increase living Knowledge Leisure Mainport incomes inhabitants environments INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 17/47
- 26. LIVABILITY (VROM,2008) DEVELOPMENT ‘98-’08 LIVABILITY 2008 Livability 2008 N Development of liveability ‘98-’08 N ROTTERDAM ROTTERDAM Livability 2008 --- - + N +++ Development of liveability ‘98-’08 -- 0 N ++ ROTTERDAM ROTTERDAM ----- - 0 + ++ +++ no records -- - 0 + ++ no records available available -- 0 ++ no records - + no records available available INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 18/47
- 27. POTENTIAL DEVELOPMENT ROTTERDAM Number of jobs reachable N within reasonable time Number of jobs reachable within N 600.000+ 300.000+ reasonable time reach of 45-60min. Number of jobs reachable within reasonable time 150.000+ 450.000+ 600.000+ 300.000+ 450.000+ 150.000+ INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 19/47
- 28. ROTTERDAM SPORT PARADOX Percentage of people that meets N TOP idols SPORT minimum standards of exersice below average 59,2 - 61,1 52,5 - 55,4 57,3 - 59,2 49,7 - 52,5 54,4 - 57,3 46,8 - 49,7 above average TOPSPORT SCHOOL talent development ROTTERDAM 49,6% UTRECHT 61,6% ROTTERDAM SPORTS CLUB/ ROTTERDAM YEARLY SPORT EVENTS FEDERATION Sportfields 377 Rotterdam Marathon 2009 900.000 spectators Sporthalls 114 ABN AMRO World Tennis Tournament 2009 107.000 spectators THE HAGUE Swimming pools 18 Wednesday Night Skate 2009 67.000 spectators 57,0% Football stadiums 3 CHIO Equestrian 2009 55.000 spectators Meet min. standards of exercise 49,6% World Port Tournament Baseball 2005 56.000 spectators 55,4% AVERAGE FOR THE NETHERLANDS AMSTERDAM recreational sports 51,8% ROTTERDAM 1 DAY EVENTS ROTTERDAM UNIQUE SPORT EVENTS Rotterdam Marathon 2009 900.000 spectators Champions Trophy Hockey 2008 Summer Carnaval 2008 900.000 spectators World Championship Judo 2009 Bavaria City Race 2008 600.000 spectators World Championship Gymnastics 2010 Red Bull Airrace 2005 750.000 spectators Tour de France Cycling 2010 Volvo Ocean Race 2006 550.000 spectators World Championship Table Tennis 2011 European Championships Dressage 2011 European Championships Handball 2012 INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 20/47
- 29. RECOMMENDATIONS ROTTERDAM ? NEGATIVE IMAGE BAD POSITION ON HOUSING MARKET NO FRAGMENTED APPROACH HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT UNEMPLOYMENT INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 21/47
- 30. STRATEGY GOAL Safety Social Value Income Safety Social Value Income X South in decline 2008 Pact op Zuid 2018 Olympic preparation 2028 City divided in Difference between South is catching up South is finally an North and South North and South integral part of growing Rotterdam INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 22/47
- 31. STRATEGY LOCATIONS VIP AREAS DEVELOPMENT CENTRES 4.Heart of South 11.Kop van Zuid 5.Stadium park 13.Oud-Zuid 8.Waalhaven East INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 23/47
- 32. STRATEGY LOCATIONS Amsterdam CS Planned Addition? Schiphol airport Olympic location? Rotterdam airport Alexander CS Schieveste Brainpark Stadium Park Heart of South River Maas HST Brussells National Paris highway Train London METRO INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 24/47
- 33. STRATEGIES SPREADING SPIN-OFF CONCENTRATION INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 25/47
- 34. STRATEGY PROGRAM Program Athens in City Ports N ROTTERDAM Venue Parking Plot outline Green Tribune Water 0 200m 600m 1km 2km Road cycling - On road track throughout the city Mountain biking - On landscape track Golf - Golfcourse Rhoon on IJsselmonde island BMX - On landscape track Rugby - Other large stadiums in Randstad Soccer - Other large stadiums in Randstad INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 26/47
- 35. WATERFRONT DEVELOPMENT 0 500 1000 2000 SPECTATORS METER BY BIKE + CS PUBLIC TRANSPORT ATHLETES BY WATER TRANSPORT INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 27/47
- 36. STRATEGY VENUES INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 28/47
- 37. STRATEGY KRA LING SE B . k Ha Schiea an aa l OS 34 chie - Ar e S 52 Ha. Area 44 Ha. erak Park el Lang Ro KRALINGSE Alblashaven 23 Ha. ZOOM n Spange SCHIEVESTE Sportpark Kralingen 28Ha. Van Genth kazerne 21 Ha. De Esch 38 Ha. ord neno Brie an ndv Eila 25 Ha. North trance City En 30 Ha. th . Kuip area ce Sou Ha t 72 H tran 9 Ha. 90 ijplaa a. City En e a. Nort 24 Ha. 0 H rs H h Pie rs 15 st Pie 24 Ha. e 12 Ha. ip W Ha. t Str Sportpark Park 44 Eas De 2 heuvels 5 Ha. 64 Ha. 86 H East a. 50 Ha. Piers 9 Ha. 20 Ha. 12 Ha. Rail Strip 7 Ha. 13 Ha. B 5 Ha. 85 Ha. 12 Ha. 30 Ha. 41 Ha. 9 Ha. 7 Ha. ZUIDERPARK 152 Ha. Waalhaven Zuid A INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGYSTRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 29/47
- 38. LOCATION ANALYSIS Stadium Park Stadiumpark (inter)national sports centre. Kralingse Esch Zuiderpark area Total area: 287 Ha. Demand and tendencies in Demand for Olympics Between Zuiderpark and Kralingse Esch neighbourhoods - New Intercity Trainstation - Olympic Stadium - Development of waterfront - Large sports facilities WA TER FRO NT - New Feyenoord stadium, but - Main Press Centre (MPC) Kuip stays - International Broadcast Centre - New 400m. iceskating rink (IBC) HST A16 - Leisure related activities - high quality of (inter)national - Sport-related education connectivity Junction Train/Metro and Highway at waterfront HOW TO MATCH? INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 30/47
- 39. STRATEGY Zuiderpark area Added reach Metrosystem N 0 500 1000 2000m Reach Olympic Line New Metroline Buildings within Residential added reach transformation areas Zuidplein shopping and facility centre for all of Added Reach Olympic Industrial Rotterdam South Line transformation areas Reach existing Metro Zuiderpark Kralingse Bos Stadiumpark Waalhaven K LIN Total area: 206Ha. PA RK ZUIDER Demand and tendencies in Demand for Olympics Link between Waalhaven, Stadiumpark neighbourhoods and Zuiderpark - Regeneration/ improvement of - Accommodation for journalists quality - Accommodation for officials - Better connectivity of Zuidplein - connectivity of Sportsfacilities - Rise in the ageing population planned in Waalhaven and - Housing for the elderly close to Stadiumpark facilities HOW TO MATCH? Junction in Rotterdam South INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 31/47
- 40. STRATEGY AMSTERDAM 0:35 H 43981 beds 18647 rooms SCHIPHOL H 8869 beds HOTEL 0:19 4258 rooms - permanent building Hague The Delft Zuid-Holland H 7072 beds H 1280 beds 86370 beds - permanent location 3337 rooms 638 rooms - permanent function Rotterdam Airport_ Rijnmond 33253 beds VILLAGE Alexander 9799 hotelbeds 14946 camping beds 8094 bungalows - permanent building 496 beds groupaccom. - permanent location H 6938 beds 3344 rooms ROTTERDAM - temporary function CENTRAL DISTRICT CONTAINER Schieveste Brainpark - temporary ‘buildings’ - temporary + permanent location - temporary + permanent function CAMPINGGROUND City Ports West STADIUM PARK - temporary + permanent ‘buildings’ - temporary + permanent location - temporary + permanent function Heart of South CRUISESHIP - temporary ‘buildings’ ANTWERP 0:30 H ? beds ? rooms - temporary + permanent location - temporary + permanent function LONDON 4:08 BRUSSELS 1:11 H 30230 beds 15539 rooms PARIS 2:36 INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 32/47
- 41. STRATEGY HOEK VAN OLYMPIC LINE HOLLAND KRALINGSE DELFT BOS UTRECHT DEN HAAG Sailing (10ha.) Green elds (20ha.) P+R Small stadium (9ha.) Soccer stadium (12ha.) DEN HAAG CS AMSTERDAM CS P+R P+R SCHIPHOL SCHIEVESTE BRAINPARK ROTTERDAM CS P+R P+R BRUSSELS P+R PARIS BLIJDORPSE POLDER WAALHAVEN ZUIDERPARK AREA STADIUMPARK KRALINGER ESCH 153 Ha. 594 Ha. 206 Ha. 287 Ha. 87 Ha. TRAINING SMALL SPORTS RESIDENTIAL ZONE LARGE SPORTS WARM UP Small stadium (9ha.) Shooting (7ha.) Tennis (9ha.) Green elds (30ha.) swimming stadium (12ha.) Soccer stadium (12ha.) Small stadium (9ha.) Rowing (60ha.) Wildwater (6ha.) 4 Small hall (6ha.) Di erent possible typologies: Velodrome (10ha.) Green elds (20ha.) Olympic site (44ha.) Green elds (20ha.) Golfcourse (80ha.) Large hall (12ha.) Green elds (30ha.) Training facilities Multipurpose site (12ha.) Training Indoor horseriding (15ha.) facilities Small stadium (9ha.) Large hall (12ha.) Olympic Village (100ha.) INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY STRATEGY DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 33/47
- 42. DESIGN DESIGN LOCATION STRUCTURE ROTTERDAM SOUTH WAALHAVEN- EAST TRANSFORMATION AREA OUD- CHARLOIS WAALHAVEN NEW METRO WIELEWAAL ZUIDERPARK TRANSFORMATION AREA WAAL OUD- CHARLOIS HAVEN ZUIDER- WIELE- PARK WAAL INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 34/47
- 43. DESIGN HARBOUR CENTRE WATER PARK Structure N Rotterdam Charlois/Waalhaven Residential Area Wielewaal Industrial Area Transformation Mixed Business- Dyke barrier Residence Alotment gardens Sport fields INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN DESIGN CONCLUSIONS Structure N 35/47
- 44. DESIGN HARBOUR HARBOUR Structure CENTRE CENTRE WAT E R WATER Rotterdam Charlois/W Residential Area Industrial Area PARK Mixed Business- PARK Residence Alotment gardens Structure N Rotterdam Charlois/Waalhaven Residential Area Wielewaal Industrial Area Transformation Mixed Business- Dyke barrier Residence Alotment gardens Sport fields INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 36/47
- 45. DESIGN D AR EV UL BO C O PI L Y M P O LY IC MP PA YM IC RK VI LL LA AG NE E B Masterplan Zuiderpark/Waalhaven N OL OU LEV ROTTERDAM SOUTH A RD Wielewaal Olympic Line Olympic Village Transformation Water at end of the Zones line INTRODUCTION OLYMPICS ROTTERDAM STRATEGY DESIGN DESIGN CONCLUSIONS 37/47