Computer Generation

1. THE GENERATION OF
COMPUTER
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PRESENTED BY: SUBHRADEEP MITRA
M.C.A, B.SC COMPUTER SC(HONOURS)
FROM CALCUTTA UNIVERSITY

2. Generations of Computer
• The computer has evolved from a large-sized simple
calculating machine to a smaller but much more
powerful machine.
• The evolution of computer to the current state is
defined in terms of the generations of computer.
• Each generation of computer is designed based on a
new technological development, resulting in better,
cheaper and smaller computers that are more
powerful, faster and efficient than their predecessors.
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3. Generation of Computers
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Based on the characteristics of various computers developed from time to
time, they are categorized as generation of computers.
Generation
of
Computers
First
Generation
Second
Generation
Third
Generation
Fourth
Generation
Fifth
Generation

4. First Generation Computers
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Time Period : 1951 to 1959
Size : Very Large System
Technology : Vacuum Tubes
Processing speed: Very Slow
Characterized By:-
• Use Punch Card for input
and output
• Use Magnetic Tapes
for data store
• Difficult to program
• Used machine language to
write program
First Generation Computers

5. First Generation Computers
Advantages :
• It was only electronic device
• First device to hold memory
Disadvantages :
• Too bulky i.e large in size
• Vacuum tubes burn frequently
• They were producing heat
• Maintenance problems
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6. Second Generation Computers
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Time Period : 1959 to 1963
Size : Smaller
Technology : Transistors
Processing : Faster
Characterized By:-
• Magnetic Cores
• Magnetic Disk
• Used high level language
• Easier to program
Second Generation Computers

7. Second Generation Computers
Advantages :
• Size reduced considerably
• The very fast
• Very much reliable
Disadvantages :
• They over heated quickly
• Maintenance problems
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8. Third Generation Computers
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Time Period
Technology
Size
Processing
: 1963 to 1975
: ICs (Integrated Circuits)
Incorporated many transistors & electronic
circuits on a single chip
: Small as compared to 2nd generation computers
: Faster then 2nd generation computers
Characterized by:-
•Minicomputers accessible
by multiple users from
remote terminals.
IC (Integrated Circuit)

9. Third generation computers
Advantages :
• ICs are very small in size
• Improved performance
• Production cost cheap
Disadvantages :
• ICs are sophisticated
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10. Fourth Generation Computers
: 1975 to Today
: VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) Incorporated many millions of transistors&
electronic circuits on a single chip
: Small as compared to first generation computer
: Faster then first generation computer
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Time Period
Technology
Size
Processing speed
Characterized by:
The personal computer and user
friendly micro-programs, very fast
processor chip high level language,
OOP (Object Oriented
Programming)
VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration)

11. Fifth Generation Computers
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Time Period
Technology
: Future Technology
: AI (Artificial Intelligence)
Fifth Generation Computer
AI (Artificial Intelligence)

12. THANK YOU
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