heat

1. LAWN SPRINKLER DESIGN
Group 3:
Seong Won Byun
Jakob Combs
Zachary Lightner
Bart Sudhoff
DevinTempleton

2. Objective
 Provide 1 inch of water to an area of 13,460ft2
in the shortest time
 Least amount of water falling outside the
property
 Minimize cost of materials
 Minimize electric utility costs

3. Layout

4. Layout
 Large area used 30-
foot radius sprinkler
heads
 Smaller areas used
combination of 18 and
17-foot radius sprinkler
heads
Sprinkler
Radius
Coverage
(degrees) Quantity
90 4
180 6
270 2
360 2
26 180 2
90 7
180 23
270 3
360 2
180 1
360 4
30
18
17

5. Layout
 Sprinkler head
locations
 Circles are 30-foot radius
 Outside corners are 270°
rotors
 Corners and boundary
edges are 90° and 180°
rotors
 All others are 360°
rotors

6. Pipe Layout & AFT Model
Pipe Layout for Zone 1Pipe Layout for Zone 2Pipe Layout for Zone 3 Sprinkler GPM for Zone 1Sprinkler GPM for Zone 2Sprinkler GPM for Zone 3

7. Sprinkler Parameters
 Pressure difference across the component is
[Equation 1]
 The k-loss value is
[Equation 2]

8. Table 2: Required Flow Rate and Time to Water for Each Zone
Zone
Area to
be
Covered
(ft2)
Water
Needed
for 1”
depth
(gal)
Volumetric
Flow Rate
(gal/min)
Time to
Water
(mins)
1 6186 3856 50 77.1
2 3294 2053 41 50.1
3 3980 2481 38 65.3
TOTAL -13460 8390 192.5
Project Results

9. Cost Analysis
Item Quantity Unit Price Total Price
56 $12.74 $713.44
Item Quantity Unit Price Total Price
4721K15 1 $38.31 $38.31
1 $69.48 $69.48
$107.79
Item Description Length Quantity Unit Price Total Price
24305 1.610" ID x 1.824" OD 1 1/2" PE Flexible Pipe Not-NSF Listed 80 psi. 100ft 1 $61.66 $61.66
24302 .824" ID x .944" OD 3/4" PE Flexible Pipe Not-NSF Listed 80 psi. 100ft 9 $18.32 $164.84
24303 1.049" ID x 1.189" OD 1" PE Flexible Pipe Not-NSF Listed 80 psi. 100ft 3 $25.66 $76.98
24420 3/4" Polypropylene Tee 6 $0.86 $5.16
24421 1" Polypropylene Tee 2 $1.03 $2.06
24423 1 1/2" Polypropylene Tee 3 $1.86 $5.58
24414 3/4" Polypropylene Elbow 5 $0.86 $4.30
24415 1" Polypropylene Elbow 1 $0.94 $0.94
24416 1 1/4" Polypropylene Elbow 1 $1.31 $1.31
24154 1" to 3/4" PVC Reducer 3 $1.35 $4.05
24165 1 1/2" to 1" PVC Reducer 3 $2.05 $6.15
$333.03
$1,154.26TOTAL COST
SPRINKLER HEADS
VALVES
PIPING
Description
I-20 -ADV-Hunter 4" Adjustable Arc Rotor Sprinkler
Description
1" Double-Union Ball Check Valve
PC-300i - Hunter Pro-C Series 3 Station Controller (indoor)

10. Cost Analysis
 Largest cost in the
project is the rotor
sprinkler heads.
 Another major factor
for cost is the diameter
of pipe.

11. Summary
Project Outcomes:
 56 Sprinkler Heads
 Total Material Cost: $1154
 192 Minutes toWater

12. References
[1]Toksoy, John M., “Sprinkler Project Description”, Microsoft PowerPoint
Presentation. Fall 2007.
[2] Smajstrla, A.G., Zazueta, F.S. and Haman, D.Z., “Lawn Sprinkler
Selection”, http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/AE084. Accessed on November 2, 2007.
[3] Hunter Industries, “I10/I20 Ultra Rotary Sprinklers”,
http://www.hunterindustries.com/Products/Rotors/i20intro.html.
Accessed on November 12, 2007.
[4] Stryker, Jess. “IrrigationTutorials”. http://irrigationtutorials.com.
Accessed on November 12, 2007.
[5] Sprinkler Warehouse.
http://www.sprinklerwarehouse.com/Default.asp?Redirected=Y.
Accessed on November 12, 2007.
[6] US Plastics.
http://www.usplastic.com/catalog/default.asp?cookie%5Ftest=1.
Accessed on November 12, 2007.
[7] McMaster-Carr. http://www.mcmaster.com. Accessed on November 12,
2007.

13. HEAT EXCHANGER DESIGN

14. Updates to MATLAB Program
•Removed calculations from HE_Design_Input
•Tube ID,Tube Pitch, Number ofTubes
•Number of tubes when running DOE file
•Added Nusselt correlations for both shell and
tube side
•Added more materials
•Entire program can be run from
HE_Design_Main

15. Fixed Parameters
Shell Fluid Water
Tube Fluid Water
Shell Inlet Temp 25 C
Shell Outlet Temp 58.2 C
Tube Inlet Temp 90 C
Tube Output Temp 40 C
Tube Side Fouling 3.00E-05
Shell Side Fouling 3.00E-05
Shell Tube Side Fluids Reversed FALSE
Number of Shell Passes 1
Number of Tube Passes 1
Tube Mass Flow Rate 5.74 kg/sec
Shell Nusselt Correlation Dependant
Tube Nusselt Correlation Dependant
I Baffle YES
Number of Tubes
Calculated
by Program
Shell Material
Aluminum
2024-T6
I Square Pitch Square
Tube Layout Angle 90
Fixed Parameters

16. First Design of Experiments
MIN MAX
I counter flow 1 2
mdot shell 7 10
Baffle Space 0.1 0.4
Baffle Cut 0.03 0.1
Shell th 0.001 0.005
Design of Experiments 1

17. Main Effects for First DOE

18. Second Design of Experiments
MIN MAX
Shell ID 0.2032 0.3366
Tube th 0.001 0.003
Tube Mat 21 41
Tube OD 6.35E-03 2.22E-02
Tube Len 3 7
Design of Experiments 2

19. Main Effects for Second DOE

20. Reduction of Variables
Remaining Variables
mdot shell
Baffle Space
Tube th
Shell ID
Tube OD
Tube Len
Eliminate:
Tube OD
Shell ID
TubeThickness
LowestWeight
Configuration Possible

21. Final Design of Experiments
MIN MAX
mdot shell 7 10
Tube Len 2 5
Baffle Space 0.1 0.4
Design of Experiments 3

22. PARETO Plots for Final DOE

23. Minitab Optimization Results
Weight 118 kg
DP Shell 11484.68 Pa
DP Tube 3129.89 Pa
Q Calculated 1416775 W
Minitab Optimization Results

24. Manual Optimization Results
mdot shell 8.9
Tube Len 2.4
Baffle Space 0.35
Updated Variables
Weight 98.4 kg
DP Shell 11591 Pa
DP Tube 2684 Pa
Q Calculated 1203285 W
Manual Optimization Results
FINAL
RESULTS

25. Heat Transfer Coefficients
*Toksoy, “Convection HeatTransfer”TFD-HE2, pg. 9
* Gnielinski forTurbulent
Flow, 2300 < Re < 5x106
* JP Holman, “HeatTransfer”
2002, ForTurbulent Flow:
C=0.386, n=0.592
Reynolds
Number
Flow
Conditions
Nusselt
Correlation
Heat Transfer
Coefficient
(W/m
2
K)
Tube 6497 Turbulent *Gnielinski 4484
Shell 5957 Turbulent *JP Holman 10750

26. Tube Thickness
   psiMPa
mE
mEMPa
r
t
P 84120.58
3718.2
3457.0345
max 






Calculate maximum allowable pressure:

27. Shell Thickness
Shell
Thickness
(mm)
Max
Allowable
Pressure
(Mpa)
Max
Allowable
Pressure
(psi)
Heat
Exchanger
Weight (kg)
1.0 3.4 493.1 98.4
2.0 6.8 986.3 102.7
4.0 13.6 1972.5 111.3
6.0 20.4 2958.8 120.0
8.0 27.2 3945.1 128.8
10.0 34.0 4931.4 137.7
   psiMPa
m
mEMPa
r
t
P 4934.3
1016.0
300.1345
max 






28. Final Input Parameters
Shell Fluid Water (2) Baffle Space 0.35
Tube Fluid Water (2) Baffle Cut 0.0508
Tube Mass Flow Rate 5.74 kg/sec Shell ID 0.2032
Shell Mass Flow Rate 8.5 kg/sec Shell thickness 1.00E-03
Shell Inlet Temp 25 C Tube Material Aluminum 2024-T6 (22)
Shell Outlet Temp -999.999 Shell Material Aluminum 2024-T6 (22)
Tube Inlet Temp 90 C Shell Nusselt Correlation *JP Holman (3)
Tube Output Temp 40 C Tube Nusselt Correlation *Gnielinski (5)
Tube Side Fouling 3.00E-05 Tube OD 6.35E-03
Shell Side Fouling 3.00E-05 Tube Thickness 4.57E-04
Shell Tube Side Fluids Reversed FALSE (0) Tube Length 2.4
Counter Flow
Counter
Flow (1) Number of Tubes 0
Number of Shell Passes 1 I Square Pitch Square (1)
Number of Tube Passes 1 Tube Layout Angle 90
Baffle YES (1)
MATLAB Input Parameters
* Correlations added by design group

29. Questions?