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ORGANIZATION THEORY  & BEHAVIOR
WORKSHOP SCHEDULE ORG TRENDS ORG DESIGN & STRUCTURE- wrt  Individual/group & org dynamics CONFLICT MNGT & NEGOTIATION LEADERSHIP& TRUST STRATEGIES/ POWER & POLITICS/ INDIVIDUAL/ GROUP/ ORG COMMUNICATION GROUP BEHAVIOR & PROCESSES INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR & PROCESSES-Motivation INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR-Perception, values, attitudes, personality DYNAMICS OF ORG BEHAVIOR –structure, culture, change etc
FOUNDATION OF ORGANIZATION BEHAVIOR ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ORGANIZATION???
DEFINITION OF ORGANIZATION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
ORGANIZATION HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN ORGANIZATION  SETTINGS INDIVIDUAL ORGANIZATION INTERFACE ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT
ORGANIZATIONAL PARTICIPANTS ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENT COGNITIVE REPRESENTATION OF REALITY HELPS GUIDE OB PARTICIPANTS CONTROL THEIR OWN BEHAVIOR TO THE EXTENT THAT THEY RELY ON COGNITIVE SUPPORTS & MANAGE RELEVANT ENVIRONMENTAL CUES & CONSEQUENCES MOST COMPLEX BEHAVIOR ACQUIRED BY DIRECTLY OBSERVING & IMITATING OTHERS IN SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT
ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS INDIVIDUAL  TASKS TEAM ROLES
? ? ? ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
AN ORGANIZATION WOULD THEREFORE HAVE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
GOAL CULTURE SYSTEMS STRUCTURE STRATEGIES FUNCTIONS-TASKS/ACTIVITIES- WHAT & WHY? PROCEDURES- HOW? ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES WHO? CORE VALUES VISION -MISION
HOW ORGANIZATION ACHIEVES ITS GOAL? ORGANIZATIONAL PROCESSES
MANAGEMENT FOR ORG EFFECTIVENESS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Org Effectiveness O B Generalization of human behavior Certain consistencies in human behavior
DEFINITION ,[object Object]
DEFINTION-OB ,[object Object]
DETERMINANTS OF OB ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SIGNIFICANCE OF OB ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OB EMPHASIS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OB LINKAGES TO ORG GOAL ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
MANAGING FOR EFFECTIVENESS INDIVIDUAL LEVEL  OUTCOMES ORG LEVEL OUTCOMES TEAM LEVEL OUTCOMES PRODUCTIVITY PERFORMANCE ABSENTEEISM TURNOVER ATTITUDES STRESS PRODUCTIVITY PERFORMANCE NORMS COHESIVENESS PRODUCTIVITY ABSENTEEISM TURNOVER FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE SURVIVAL CONSTITUENT SATISFACTION
TRACING HISTORY OF ORGANIZATIONAL RESEARCH Strategy/Structure fit need to adapt to environmental changes Establish Strategy , then Structure is established ALFRED CHANDLER (1962) STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Cohesiveness, Loyalty, commitment & Employer Management system Individual needs & importance of participative management  DOUGLAS Mc GREGOR (1961) RENSIS LIKERT (19670 BEHAVIOR Fit between social & technological factors Social Systems view means that organization is an open system E L TRIST & K W BAMFORTH (1951) SOCIO-TECHNICAL Hierarchy o Goals , Effective use of resources Bounded Rationality Optimization of Goals HERBERT SIMON (1947) DECISION MAKING Paying attention to worker needs & satisfaction Psychological factors-Job Satisfaction, Team work ELTON MAYO (1933) HUMAN RELATIONS Order, Equity, Division of work, Discipline Management Principles Training in use of Principles HENRI FAYOL ( 1916-25) PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT  Maximize Cost , Task specialization, maximize output Time & Motion Studies. Finding most efficient way FREDERICK TAYLOR (1911) SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT OB ATTRIBUTES PHILOSOPHY PIONEERS CONCEPT
TRACING HISTORY OF ORGANIZATIONAL RESEARCH-Contd OB ATTRIBUTES PHILOSOPHY PIONEERS CONCEPT Responsiveness to change , Need for Social Support 1987 PROACTIVE PERFORMANCE 1984 ENPOWERNMENT Instill pride in quality’ Focus on customer satisfaction How to detect & eliminate defects DEMING(1971) & JURAN ( 1974) QUALITY Integration fit Structure firm to meet environmental demands P R LAWRENCE & J W LORSCH ( 1967) CONTINGENCY
EMERGING PERSPECTIVES IN OB ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
SYSTEMS APPROACH ,[object Object],TRANSFORMATION TECHNOLOGY INPUTS- material, human, financial, international OUTPUTS Product/Service Profit/Losses Employee behavior   FEEDBACK
CONTINGENCY APPROACH ,[object Object],ORG PROBLEMS/ SITUATIONS CONTINGENT WAYS OF RESPONDING ORG PROBLEMS EVALUATE IN TERMS  OF THE SITUATION,  WHICH THEN SUGGEST CAUSE & EFFECT WAY  OF RESPONDING UNIVERSAL APPROACH CONTINGENCY APPROACH
INTERACTIONALISM ,[object Object],INDIVIDUALS SITUATIONS BEHAVIOR
POPULAR PRESS ,[object Object],[object Object]
OB- CHALLENGES &TRENDS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OB- CHALLENGES &TRENDS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OB- CHALLENGES &TRENDS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
OB MODELS COGNITIVE, BEHAVIORISTIC & SOCIAL LEARNING THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS USED TO DEVELOP OB MODEL  Self Actualization Moderate enthusiasm Status & Recognition Awakened drivers Security Passive cooperation Subsistence Minimum Employee need met Performance result Self Discipline Participation Dependence on Organization Dependence on Boss Employee psychological result Responsible Behavior Job Performance Security Benefits Obedience Employee Orientation Teamwork Support Money Authority Managerial orientation Partnership Leadership Economic Resources Power BASIS OF MODEL SUPERLATIVE (COLLEGIAL) SUPPORTIVE CUSTODIAL AUTOCRATIC
Basic framework for understanding organizational behavior ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ENHANCING INDIVIDUAL  & INTERPERSONAL PROCESSES Goal setting/Rewards Job Designation/Participation Performance Appraisal Stress Decision Making/ Creativity INTERPERSONAL PROCESSES Group Dynamics Inter group dynamics Leadership/Influence Power/Politics/Conflict Interpersonal Communication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ORGANIZATIONAL PROCESSES & CHARACTERISTICS Organization Structure Environment/technology Organization Design Organization Culture MANAGERIAL CONTEXT Managing People & Organizations ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS

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Organisation Theory

  • 1. ORGANIZATION THEORY & BEHAVIOR
  • 2. WORKSHOP SCHEDULE ORG TRENDS ORG DESIGN & STRUCTURE- wrt Individual/group & org dynamics CONFLICT MNGT & NEGOTIATION LEADERSHIP& TRUST STRATEGIES/ POWER & POLITICS/ INDIVIDUAL/ GROUP/ ORG COMMUNICATION GROUP BEHAVIOR & PROCESSES INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR & PROCESSES-Motivation INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR-Perception, values, attitudes, personality DYNAMICS OF ORG BEHAVIOR –structure, culture, change etc
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  • 6. ORGANIZATION HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN ORGANIZATION SETTINGS INDIVIDUAL ORGANIZATION INTERFACE ENVIRONMENT ENVIRONMENT
  • 7. ORGANIZATIONAL PARTICIPANTS ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENT COGNITIVE REPRESENTATION OF REALITY HELPS GUIDE OB PARTICIPANTS CONTROL THEIR OWN BEHAVIOR TO THE EXTENT THAT THEY RELY ON COGNITIVE SUPPORTS & MANAGE RELEVANT ENVIRONMENTAL CUES & CONSEQUENCES MOST COMPLEX BEHAVIOR ACQUIRED BY DIRECTLY OBSERVING & IMITATING OTHERS IN SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT
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  • 11. GOAL CULTURE SYSTEMS STRUCTURE STRATEGIES FUNCTIONS-TASKS/ACTIVITIES- WHAT & WHY? PROCEDURES- HOW? ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES WHO? CORE VALUES VISION -MISION
  • 12. HOW ORGANIZATION ACHIEVES ITS GOAL? ORGANIZATIONAL PROCESSES
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  • 20. MANAGING FOR EFFECTIVENESS INDIVIDUAL LEVEL OUTCOMES ORG LEVEL OUTCOMES TEAM LEVEL OUTCOMES PRODUCTIVITY PERFORMANCE ABSENTEEISM TURNOVER ATTITUDES STRESS PRODUCTIVITY PERFORMANCE NORMS COHESIVENESS PRODUCTIVITY ABSENTEEISM TURNOVER FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE SURVIVAL CONSTITUENT SATISFACTION
  • 21. TRACING HISTORY OF ORGANIZATIONAL RESEARCH Strategy/Structure fit need to adapt to environmental changes Establish Strategy , then Structure is established ALFRED CHANDLER (1962) STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Cohesiveness, Loyalty, commitment & Employer Management system Individual needs & importance of participative management DOUGLAS Mc GREGOR (1961) RENSIS LIKERT (19670 BEHAVIOR Fit between social & technological factors Social Systems view means that organization is an open system E L TRIST & K W BAMFORTH (1951) SOCIO-TECHNICAL Hierarchy o Goals , Effective use of resources Bounded Rationality Optimization of Goals HERBERT SIMON (1947) DECISION MAKING Paying attention to worker needs & satisfaction Psychological factors-Job Satisfaction, Team work ELTON MAYO (1933) HUMAN RELATIONS Order, Equity, Division of work, Discipline Management Principles Training in use of Principles HENRI FAYOL ( 1916-25) PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT Maximize Cost , Task specialization, maximize output Time & Motion Studies. Finding most efficient way FREDERICK TAYLOR (1911) SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT OB ATTRIBUTES PHILOSOPHY PIONEERS CONCEPT
  • 22. TRACING HISTORY OF ORGANIZATIONAL RESEARCH-Contd OB ATTRIBUTES PHILOSOPHY PIONEERS CONCEPT Responsiveness to change , Need for Social Support 1987 PROACTIVE PERFORMANCE 1984 ENPOWERNMENT Instill pride in quality’ Focus on customer satisfaction How to detect & eliminate defects DEMING(1971) & JURAN ( 1974) QUALITY Integration fit Structure firm to meet environmental demands P R LAWRENCE & J W LORSCH ( 1967) CONTINGENCY
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  • 31. OB MODELS COGNITIVE, BEHAVIORISTIC & SOCIAL LEARNING THEORETICAL FRAMEWORKS USED TO DEVELOP OB MODEL Self Actualization Moderate enthusiasm Status & Recognition Awakened drivers Security Passive cooperation Subsistence Minimum Employee need met Performance result Self Discipline Participation Dependence on Organization Dependence on Boss Employee psychological result Responsible Behavior Job Performance Security Benefits Obedience Employee Orientation Teamwork Support Money Authority Managerial orientation Partnership Leadership Economic Resources Power BASIS OF MODEL SUPERLATIVE (COLLEGIAL) SUPPORTIVE CUSTODIAL AUTOCRATIC
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