Computer Basic Information Presentation

KIIT, SATARAKIIT, SATARA
(02162) -236151,(02162) -236151,
237976,9822076267237976,9822076267
Rayat Shikshan
Sanstha’s
Dr. Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil
Institute of Information Technology ,
Satara - (KIIT)
Yashwantrao Chavan Institute of Science,
Annexe Building 2nd
floor, Satara
str.karmveer@gmail.com, web site -str.karmveer@gmail.com, web site -
www.erayat.orgkiit
Mr. Suryakant PoreMr. Suryakant Pore (MCA,(MCA,
ADCSSAA,CSI)ADCSSAA,CSI)
Co-ordinator, KIIT, SataraCo-ordinator, KIIT, Satara

Introduction of
Computer Systems
and Internet
Rayat Shikshan
Sanshta’s
Dr. Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil Institute of
Information Technology, Satara

• What is a Computer?
• What is Software?
• What is Hardware?
• What is the Internet?
• What is Web site
• What is e-mail?
• What is a computer virus?
• What is Mean Application, File, Filename,
What is Mean Folder Drive Name,Path
• Look to the future…..
Introduction of Computer Systems

 Computers (PCs) –
 Computer is an electronic machines
which take same data as input process that data
according to given instruction and gives useful
information and also store these information
 It contains
 1) Input Output Devices,
2) Processing Devices
3) Storage Devices
4) Communication Devices

 1. Data – Data means row martial on which actual
processing is done( in the form of text & numbers)
 2. Instruction – set of commands or set of
statements or set of expressions – is nothing but
the program according to which data is processed.
 3. Information –is the output or result given by
computer.


21
 + 18
 -------
 39
Data
Information
Output / Result
Instruction

êú. †ÖµÖ.êú. †ÖµÖ.
†ÖµÖ. ™üß.†ÖµÖ. ™üß.
ÃÖÖŸÖÖ¸üÖÃÖÖŸÖÖ¸üÖ
´Ö×Æü»ÖÖ´Ö×Æü»ÖÖ
ÃÖ¸ü¯ÖÓ“ÖÃÖ¸ü¯ÖÓ“Ö
¯ÖÏ×¿ÖÖÖ¯ÖÏ×¿ÖÖÖ
Computer System (Information System)

PDAPDA
ComputerComputer

Ã™ü
ÖµÖ»
ÖÃÖ
PDAPDA
ComputerComputer

 – have five parts
1. People
2. Procedures
3. Software
4. Hardware
5. Data

1. ŸÖÓ¡Ö–ÖÖÖ
¾ÖÖ¯Ö¸üÖÖ¸êü »ÖÖêú (People
/User) -
End Users (Operator)

2.
ÃÖÖò°™üü¾Öê†¸
(Software) -
Step by step Instruction
Set of Program
Three types of Software -
1] System Software. 2] Application
Software.
3] Tailor Made or Custom Made Software.

- ÆüÖ›Ôü¾Öê†¸ü
(Hardware) -
The Equipment that processes the data to create information

- ´ÖÖ×ÆüŸÖß
¯Ö¡Öú (Guidelines)
Guidelines or Set of Rules -

-›êü™üÖ
(Data) -
Raw or Unprocessed Facts
(Text, Numbers, Images etc)
Type of files in which data is created - 1. Document File 2. Worksheet Files. etc

-•ÖÖê›Öß
(Connectivity)

 3. Software - Step by step Instruction
 or Set of program
 Program – Computer programs are the
instructions that tell the computer how to
process data into the form you want.
Programming Languages –
Basic, C & C++, VB, ASP.net etc.
2. ÃÖÖò°™üü¾Öê†¸
(Software) -

 Program – Addition of two numbers (in
Basic)
 10 cls
 20 a = 10
 30 b = 20
 40 c = a+b
 50 Print c
 60 End
2.
ÃÖÖò°™üü¾Öê†¸
(Software) -

 Computer System (Information System) –
1. System Software -
1] Operating System (OS) –
- are programs that coordinate
computer recourse provide an interface between
users and the computer hardware
Eg. Dos, Linux, Unix, Windows98
Windows 2000 Windows ME, Windows NT,
Windows XP, Windows Vista
(Software) -

(Software) -

(Software) - OS - Win XP(Desktop)

 1. System Software -
2] Device Drivers -
- To allow particular input or output
devices to communicate with rest of the computer
system
3] Utilities –
- are perform specific tasks related to
managing computer recourse
Eg. a] Disk Defrayments b] Disk cleanup
(Software) -

 1. System Software –
3. Utilities Programs –
1] Troubleshooting Diagnostic Program
2] Antivirus Program
3] Uninstall Program
4] Backup Program
5] File Compression Program
(Software) -

 1. System Software -
4] Language Translator
– Converts the programming
instructions written by programmers into a
language that computer understand and
process. for Eg C, Basic.
(Software) -

 2. Application Software –
- End user Software
1] Browser
2] Word Processor
3] Spreadsheet
4] Database Management System
5] Presentation Graphics
6] Personal information Meager (PIM)
(Software) - End User

2. ÃÖÖò°™üü¾Öê†¸ (Software) -
2 Application Software –

 3. Tailor Made or Custom Made Software
–
- Created by customer Requirement
1] Bank Transaction System
2] Railway Reservation System
3] Hospital
4] Educational Software
5] Medical Billing System
(Software) -

 4. Hardware -
 The Equipment that processes the data
to create information.
 Component Computer Hardware –
 1] System Unit
 2] Input Output Device
 3] Secondary Storage Device
 4] Communication Device
- ÆüÖ›Ôü¾Öê†¸ü
(Hardware) -

 4. Hardware -
 1] System Unit –
 is container that houses most of the
 Electronic components that make up a
 computer system.
 Components of the system unit
 A] Microprocessor
 B] Memory (RAM,ROM)
- ÆüÖ›Ôü¾Öê†¸ü (Hardware) -

System Unit
(ÃÖß¯ÖßµÖæ
C.P.U) -

(ÃÖß¯ÖßµÖæ
C.P.U - In side) -

(ÃÖß¯ÖßµÖæ C.P.U
- Back Side) -

ÃÖÓÖÖúÖÃÖÓÖÖúÖ
“Öê“Öê
×¾Ö×¾Ö¬Ö×¾Ö×¾Ö¬Ö
³ÖÖÖú³ÖÖÖú

(System board or
Motherboard) -

- ¯ÖÏÖêÃÖêÃÖ¸ -- ¯ÖÏÖêÃÖêÃÖ¸ -
MicroprocessorMicroprocessor

- Memory- Memory
--

- Flash- Flash
Memory -Memory -

- Lan Card orNetwork Interface- Lan Card orNetwork Interface
CardCard

- Sound Card -- Sound Card -

- Display Card- Display Card
--

- Modem Card- Modem Card
--

×¾ÖªãŸÖ
¯Öã¸ü¾ÖšüÖ
ú¸üÖÖ¸üß
¾ÖÖµÖ¸ü -
- PowerSupply- PowerSupply
CableCable

×¾ÖªãŸÖ
¯Öã¸ü¾ÖšüÖ
ú¸üÖÖ¸üß
¾ÖÖµÖ¸ü -
- PowerSupply Cable -- PowerSupply Cable -
SMPSSMPS

 4. Hardware
 2] Input Output Unit –
 Input Unit - Translate data and programs
that humans can understand into a form that the
computer can process.
 Eg. Keyboard Mouse
 Output Unit – Translate the processed
information from the computer into that humans
can understand
 Eg. Monitors and Printers
- Input Output Unit (Device) -

- ×ú²ÖÖê›Ô
-Keyboard
- Input Unit
(Device) -

- ×ú²ÖÖê›Ô -
Keyboard ü
- Input Unit
(Device) -

- ´ÖÖ‰úÃÖ -
Mouse
ˆ•Ö¾Ö
ê
²Ö™ü
Öü
êú
²Ö
»Ö
›üÖ¾Ö
ê
²Ö™ü
Öü
´ÖÖ
‰ú
ÃÖ
- Input Unit
(Device) -

- ´ÖÖ‰úÃÖ -
Mouse
- Input Unit
(Device) -

 A scanner transfers pictures digitally onto your
computer
- Input Unit
(Device) -

- ÃòúÖ¸ -- ÃòúÖ¸ -
Scanner
- Input Unit
(Device) -

- ´ÖÖò×Ö™ü¸
-ü Monitors
- Output Unit
(Device)TFT CRT

- Ø¯ÖÏ™ü¸ -
Printerü
- Output Unit
(Device) -

- Ã¯Ößú¸ ü -
SpeakerSet
- Output Unit
(Device) -

- Output Unit
(Device) -
- Æêü›±úÖêÖ ü -
Head Phone

‹‹»ÖÃÖß›üß»ÖÃÖß›üß
¯ÖÏÖê•ÖêŒ™ü¸ LCD¯ÖÏÖê•ÖêŒ™ü¸ LCD
ProjectorProjector
- Output Unit
(Device) -

- Output Unit
(Device) -
‹‹»ÖÃÖß›üß»ÖÃÖß›üß
¯ÖÏÖê•ÖêŒ™ü¸ LCD¯ÖÏÖê•ÖêŒ™ü¸ LCD
ProjectorProjector

 3] Secondary Storage Devices –
 It holds data and programs even after
electrical power to the computer system has been
turned off
Types of Secondary Storage Devices -
1] Magnetic Storage Devices -
2] Optical Storage Devices -
- Storage (Device) - Secondary Storage Devices

 1] Magnetic Storage Devices –
1. Traditional Floppy Disk
2. High Capacity Floppy Disk
3. Hard Disk
4. Hard Disk Cartridges
5. Hard Disk Pack
- Storage
Device -
Magnetic Storage Devices

 2] Optical Storage Devices
A. Compact Disk
1] CDROM (CD Read Only
Memory)
2] CD_R (CD- Recordable)
3] CD- RW (CD Rewriteable)
B. Digital versatile DisK
1] DVDROM (DVDRead Only
Memory)
2] DVD_R (DVDRecordable)
3] DVD- RW (DVDRewriteable)
- Storage
Device -
Optical Storage Devices

-
ÆüÖ›Ô
ü×›üÃ
úü
Æü
- Storage
Device -

-
ÆüÖ›Ôü
×›üÃúü
- Storage
Device -

-
°»ÖÖò¯Ö
ß
- Storage
Device -

-
°»ÖÖò¯Öß
›ÒüÖ‡Ô¾
Æü
- Storage
Device -

-
ÃÖß›ü
ßü
- Storage
Device -

- ÃÖß›üß
›ÒüÖ‡Ô
¾Æü
- Storage
Device -

-
ÃÖß›
üß
ÃÖ
- Storage
Device -

-
›üß¾Æü
ß›üßü
- Storage
Device -

- ¯ÖêÖ
›ÒüÖ‡Ô¾Æüü
Pen Drive
- Storage
Device -

- Storage
Device -

 4. Hardware -
4] Communication Device –
A Computer can communicate with other
computer systems.
Eg. Modem
Communication Device –

Communication Device – Modem

 Modem -
◦ Modulator/Demodulator -
◦ A device that converts analog signal to digital
(modulation) and vice versa (demodulation)
◦ Speed
 1200/2400/9600 bps
 14.4/28.8/33.6 Kbps
 56 Kbps
Communication Device – Modem

Internet – Internet is network of network
(Interconnection of network is called as Internet)
Inter - Interconnection
Net - Network
What is the Computer Network
 The Internet started in 1969 when the United States
governments funded a major research projects on
computer networking called as ARPANET
 ARPANET – Advanced Research Project
Agency Network
Basics of Internet

Basics of Internet

USB/Ethernet
Cable
DSL/Cable
Modem
Wall Jack
Basics of Internet

 Servers and Clients Communicate –
Basics of Internet

There are two types of computer
networks:
Local Area Network (LAN): - A LAN is two or
more connected computers sharing certain
resources in a relatively small geographic location
(the same building, for example).
Basics of Internet

Network Cable
Basics of Internet

 Usually connected using Ethernet
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Ethernet_RJ45_connector_p1160054.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:BNC_connector.jpg
Old: BNC connector
for coaxial cable
New: RJ45 for twisted
pair cable
Basics of Internet

 To connect multiple segments of networks
into a larger one
 Hub
◦ A multiport repeater to enhance signal within
the same LAN
 Switch
◦ Like hub but with intelligent
◦ Better performance
 Router
◦ Forward packets from one LAN to another
Basics of Internet

Wide Area Network (WAN): - A WAN typically
consists of 2 or more LANs.
 The computers are farther apart and are
linked by telephone lines, dedicated
telephone lines, or radio waves.
Basics of Internet
The Internet is the largest
Wide Area Network
(WAN) in existence.

USB/Ethernet
Cable
DSL/Cable
Modem
Wall Jack
Hub/Switch/Router

Ethernet Cable
DSL/Cable
Modem
Wall Jack
Hub/Switch/Router

 Applications of Internet -
 1. Communicating – email, discussion group
and chat group
2. Shopping – Electronic commerce
3. Researching – Visiting virtual Libraries
and browse through stacks of books
4. Entertainment – live concerts, movies,
book clubs live games
5. Education or e-learning – learn online,
books libraries online examinations.
6. Downloading and Uploading – software
and information
Basics of Internet

 Requirements of Internet (Hardware) –
1. Computer
2. Telephone Line
3. Modem
4 Software
5. Internet Account (ISP)
Browser– is a special software used on
computer to access the web
resources
- it is used to connect you to remote
computers using telnet.
Basics of Internet

 Eg of Browser -
 a. Microsoft Internet Explorer
 b. Netscape communications
 c. Mozilla Firefox
Searching information on Internet -
two types -
 1] Using Web Address (URL)
 2] Using Search Engine
What is the Web -
web provides a multimedia interface to resource
available on the Internet.
Basics of Internet

 Format of Web Address -
http://www.mtv.com
 http:// - Protocol
 www.mtv.com - Domain Name
- server name that store the web site
 .com - Top level domain
(Domain Code)
Basics of Internet

 Top level domain (Domain Code)
 Domain Identification
 com - Commercial
 edu - Educational and research
 org - Other Organizations
 net - Major Network Centers
 gov - Government
Basics of Internet

 Search Engine ( Tools ) –
 Specialized programs that assist you in
locating Information on the web and the
internet
1. Keyboard Search – you enter a keyword or
phrase reflecting the information you want.
2. Directory Search – Most Search Engines also
provide a directory or list of categories or
topics such as Autos, finance and Games

 Internet words -
 Home Page – First page or index page of web
 site
 Links - connected information (One
 page to another page)
 www - world wide web
 Protocol - are the rules for exchanging
 data between Computers
 http - Hypertext Transfer Protocol
 HTML - Hypertext Markup Language
 URL - Uniform Resource Locators
Basics of Internet

 Email –
e-mail or Electronic mail is the transmission
of electronic messages over the internet.
 Email Address -
- kvprayat@yahoo.com
Email address have two basic parts -
1. kvprayat – username
2. yahoo.com – domain name
- the server providing email services
@ - Separator
Basics of Internet

 A small chunk of data transmitted over the Internet
Alice
The
Internet
The
Internet
Bob
Basics of Internet

 Email –
an Email message has three basic elements
1. Header -
2. Message -
3. Signature –
1. Header – appears first in email message
and contains
a. Address– Email Address of person that is to
receive the email
b. Subject - a one line description of the
message displayed when a person
checks their mail
Basics of Internet

 Email –
c. Attachments- files that can be sent with
the email program
2. Message - the text of the email
communication.
3. Signature – may include senders name,
address and Telephone number
(optional)
Basics of Internet

¯ÖÏ×¿ÖÖÖ¯ÖÏ×¿ÖÖÖ www.zpsatara.gov.in

http://www.maharashtra.gov.in/marathi

¯ÖÏ×¿ÖÖÖ¯ÖÏ×¿ÖÖÖ //www.maharashtra.gov.in/marathi/webRing/webRingAll.php

¯ÖÏ×¿ÖÖÖ¯ÖÏ×¿ÖÖÖ http://goidirectory.nic.in/

¯ÖÏ×¿ÖÖÖ¯ÖÏ×¿ÖÖÖ http://www.marathimati.com/

 What is Mean by -
 1. Computer Program( Application ) -
 2. File -
 3. Folder -
 4. Subfolder -
 5. FileName -
 6. Extension -
 7. DriveName -
 8. Path / Root -
Common Computer Basic Operation Task-

Common Computer Basic operation Task-
Path – roots
c:rayatlettersapp.doc
Where
c: - drive name
rayat – folder
letters – subfolder
app.doc - file name
.doc - Extension
MSWord - Application File.
a:kiitphymscit.ppt
Common Computer Basic Operation Task -

Path – Roots – Copy, Move, Paste
File

Path – Roots – Copy, Move, Paste File

Print the File Information (Page Setup)

Print the File Information (Print Preview)

Computer Servicing Utilities
MS Windows Utilities -
1] Disk Clean Up Program
2] Disk Defragmenter Program
3] Disk Back Up Program

MS Windows Utilities
3. Utilities Programs – 1] Disk Clean Up Program
Start -> Accessories -> System Tools -> Disk Clean Up

Start -> Accessories -> System Tools -> Disk Clean Up

MS Windows Utilities
3. Utilities Programs – 1] Disk Clean Up Program
Start -> Accessories -> System Tools -> Disk Defragmenter

3. Utilities Programs – Backup Program
Start -> Accessories -> System Tools -> Backup

MS Windows Utilities -
1] Troubleshooting Diagnostic Program
2] Antivirus Program
3] Uninstall Program
4] File Compression Program

 How much electricity do computers use?
 Computers Desktop Computer
 60-250 watts
 On screen saver
 60-250 watts
(no difference)
 Sleep / standby
 1 -6 watts
 Laptop
 15-45 watts
 Use of Electricity Computer System

 Use of Electricity Computer System
 Monitors -
 Typical 17" CRT - 80 watts
 Typical 17" LCD - 35 watts
 Screen saver - (any image on screen)
same as above (no difference)
 Sleeping monitor (dark screen) - 0-15
watts
 Monitor turned off at switch - 0-10 watts

Y.C.I.S. - KIITSY.C.I.S. - KIITS
Rayat Shikshan Sanstha’s
Thank
You !Mr. Suryakant PoreMr. Suryakant Pore ( MCA, ADCSSAA,CSI)( MCA, ADCSSAA,CSI)
Co-ordinator, KIIT, Satara
Dr. Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil Institute of Information
Technology, Satara

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