2. GEOPOLITICAL IMPORTANCE OF WARM
WATER IN SCENARIO OF
HOT GUNS

3. Geopolitics
Warm waters
Hot guns

4. Importance of warm waters
The Indian Ocean
Geopolitical importance of Indian ocean
ports

5. Major issues in Indian ocean region
 Energy enriched central Asia
 Middle east
 The Suez canal
 Oil trade route

6. 2011-ME-149
SYED KAMRAN ALI
KAZMI

7. Peoples republic of china

8. Name Peoples republic of china
Population 1,344,130,000 (2011)
GDP 7.318 trillion USD (2011)
Government Single-party state,
Presidential system,
Communist state.
Military 2.3 million active troops
UNO Permanent member of security council
(veto power)
COUNTRY’S INTRODUCTION

9. *
ECONOMIC INDEXES

10. The world’s 2nd largest economy
The world’s biggest manufacturer
Huge current-account surplus
Negative budget balance ( -2.4% of GDP )
CHINA’S ECONOMY

11. GEOPOLITICAL IMPORTANCE OF WARM
WATER IN SCENARIO OF CHINA

12.  silk road
 Khunjerab pass
 Karakorum high way
ARABIAN SEA ROUTE

13. KARAKORAM HIGH WAY

14.  Friendship _Mutual interests
 Trade route
 Sea ports _ Karachi and port qasim
 Gawadar
PAKISTAN-CHINA

15. Built by china’s collaboration
Strategic importance
GAWADAR-PAKISTAN

16.  Deep sea port_ capability of handling any size of ship
GAWADAR-PAKISTAN

17. Shortest route for china
GAWADAR-PAKISTAN

18.  Strategic importance _ eye on American navy in Bahrain
 Oil trade route
GAWADAR-PAKISTAN

19. Future plains
Sino-Pak railway
Naval base in gawadar
Oil refinery in gawadar
GAWADAR-PAKISTAN

20.  Hamantota – Srilanka
o facilitate the oil trade
o Chinese Naval base
o Counter to Diego Garcia(American naval base)
OTHER PORTS IN INDIAN OCEAN

21. • Counter to America
• To make influence in region
• Look after the shipping routes
• Protect ships from pirates
STRATEGIES IN INDIAN OCEAN

22. Marao (Maldives)
Seychelles( Africa)
Madagascar(Africa)
Great coco islands( Burma)
Chittagong ( Bangladesh)
OTHER PORTS/NAVAL BASES IN INDIAN
OCEAN

25. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

26. Name United states of America
Population 314,987,000
GDP $15.094 trillion
Government Federal presidential constitutional
republic,
Two-party
Military 1,129,283 total
UNO Permanent member of security council
(veto power)
UNITED STATES(US)

27. Super power…
UNITED STATES(US)

28.  Middle east
 War against Muslim (terrorism)
 Cold war/Energy enriched central
Asian states
 f-pak….
 Diego Garcia
GEOPOLITICAL IMPORTANCE OF WARM
WATERS IN SCENARIO OF USA

29. Israel-Palestine dispute
MIDDLE EAST-US

31.  Resent Gaza strikes
 The killing of thousand of innocents
 Obama’s policy statement
“Israel have right to make him secure”
…..So the American policy is the
security and survival of bloody Jewish
state of Israel… and that’s it!
MIDDLE EAST-US

32. GAZA…

33. GAZA…

34.  In 2001, the US had started the war against terrorism after
9/11
WAR AGAINST MUSLIMS/ TERRORISM

35.  Afghan war
 America, NATO, and ISAF
WAR AGAINST MUSLIMS/ TERRORISM

36.  NATO and American supply route.
Options???
i. through Iran
ii. Through central Asian states
iii. by air
iv. through PAKISTAN
AFGHAN-WAR

38. Pakistan has provided there ports and land for
NATO supply
o because it is least expensive
NATO-AMERICAN SUPPLY

39.  future energy hubs
 total oil and gas deposits
 barrier for Russian quest of warm water port
COLD WAR/CENTRAL ASIAN STATES

40. Future is of central asia.
CENTRAL ASIAN STATES

41.  Two American navy fleets are in Indian ocean
1. Persian gulf
2. Diego Garcia
“All for maintain influence in the region and stops the Russia
and china to make influence in the region”
AMERICAN FLEETS IN INDIAN OCEAN

42. Introduction
History:
 It was founded in 12th century. Later it emerged as super power in
the form of USSR. After the brutal Rule of Joseph Stalin ,who
strengthened Russian of the Soviet Union, and General Mikhail
Gorbachev’s attempt to modernize Communism ,USSR splintered
into 15 independent republics. Since then Russia has Struggled in its
efforts to build a democratic political system and market economy.
Geography:
The geography of Russia describes the geographic features of
Russia, a country extending over much of northern Eurasia.
It is the world’s largest country in total area.
The country's 17.1 million square kilometers include one-eighth of
the Earth's inhabited land area.
World’s longest border of 57,792 kilometers having boundaries with
14 countries.
Coastline of 37,653 km

43. Geography:
Sea-Ports:
Major sea ports of Russia are:
 Rostov-on Don on the Azov Sea.
 Astrakhan and Makhachkala on the Caspian sea.
 Kaliningrad and St Petersburg on the Baltic
 Arjhangelsk on white sea.
 Murmansk on Barents sea.
 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky on Pacific Ocean.

44. Geography:

45. Quest for Warm-Water Ports
Need:
Russia need warm water ports because;
 Her sea-communications in Europe is land-locked and partially ice-
locked .
 To compete with the world’s emerging powers and challenges.
 To enhance its trade route, as most of the country’s oil exports are
transported through pipelines, tankers, rail and road transport, not
through seaports.
 To keep its Navy in better condition.
 To ensure its security and economy.
 Geopolitical interests in Middle East and Central Asia.

46. Quest for Warm-Water Ports
Barriers:
The “cruel geography” of Russia denies its access to warm waters as;
 In the north, her access to the world is frozen in winter.
 In the West, Europe blocks her entry into the Atlantic Ocean and
the Mediterranean Sea.
 In the south, Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan deny her passage to
the Arabian Sea.
 In the east, China and Korea separate her from the South China
Sea.
 While Vladivostok, her sole warm water port, is "neutralized" by
South Korean and Japanese domination of the strait of Tsushima.
Her problems were uncomfortably accentuated by the fact that her
principal adversaries were the world's dominant sea powers, first
Great Britain, then the United States.

47. Quest for Warm-Water Ports

48. Quest for Warm-Water Ports
Grand design:
The soviet invasion of Afghanistan in search of warm waters,to
reach Indian Ocean and seizing oil of Persian Gulf.

49. Geo-Politics in Indian Ocean
Russia The erstwhile USSR had its permanent presence in the
Indian Ocean to maintain its steady supply of oil and maintaining the
balance of power in the region with US.
Russian economic and security interests include:
 Central Asian States
 Middle East
 Pakistan
 India
 The New Great Game

50.  Supremacy in the world is for who got max
influence in the Indian ocean
Warm water port is God’s one of the best gift
to a nation
 All the three countries must have proper
policies to attain there objectives.
CONCLUSION

51. ANY QUESTION???