We look upon every Ancient creation is inferior to our own misguided intellect Faith in Ayurveda leads to Worshiping Knowledge of Ayurveda helps in Healthy living Wisdom of Ayurveda brings Eternity

1. Understanding AmaUnderstanding Ama
Prof KSR Prasad @ 2nd National Symposium
on Autoimmunity – RA Ayuurveda
P ti PUNE 01 09 2018
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/
Perspective, PUNE ‐ 01‐09‐2018

2. Introd ction
Understanding Ama
Introduction
• We look upon every Ancient creation is
inferior to our own misguided intellect
– Faith in Ayurveda leads to Worshiping y p g
– Knowledge of Ayurveda helps in Healthy living
– Wisdom of Ayurveda brings Eternity y g y
• we often refuse Knowledge and wisdom and
believe in Myth or Individual’s expressionsbelieve in Myth or Individual s expressions
• Most of the time we remain at DATA level of
DIKW format ( f / ll l d d )DIKW format (Data, Information/ Intellect, Knowledge, Wisdom)
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

3. Ama & A ni
Understanding Ama
Ama & Agni
• Ama is Anti Agni concept represents dark side of
di if idisease manifestation
• Even though the concept of Agni and its involvement
i th th i i ll t bli h d th tilit fin the pathogenesis is well established the utility of
Agni embedded in treatments are confusing
• Thus the determination of these terms (Agni; Ushma;• Thus the determination of these terms (Agni; Ushma;
Ama) in present day is necessary
• This concept took lots of inclusions such as – Auto• This concept took lots of inclusions such as – Auto
immunity, Free radical theory, etc
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

4. Ama ata
Understanding Ama
Amavata
• Amavata at present we are correlating to
Rheumatoid Arthritis or Auto Immune
disorders needs to be validateddisorders needs to be validated
• I remain here to evaluate Ama and its
d i ti di di t M dhderivative diseases according to Madhava
Nidana and Madhava Chikitsa
• Information of Agni is much available
from Grahani Chapter of Charakafrom Grahani Chapter of Charaka
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

5. Ama Genesis
Understanding Ama
Ama Genesis
• Ama is developed –
In Amashaya– In Amashaya
– With Mandagni (lowered digestion / decreased pH)
Nischala Gati (stasis peristalsis)– Nischala Gati (stasis peristalsis)
– Viruddha Ahara (Fish – Protein + Milk – Lactic Acid)
S i dh bh k V (– Snigdha bhuktavato Vyayama (hyper hemodynamics
inducted after fatty consumption)
• These conditions leads to develop Ammonia in• These conditions leads to develop Ammonia in
GI tract which is of Nitrogen waste
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

6. Factor of Ammonia de elopment
Understanding Ama
Factor of Ammonia development
• Ammonia (Ama) is constantly produced as a metabolic waste
from amino acid catabolism in mammalsfrom amino acid catabolism in mammals.
• Ammonia in the human body is produced mostly as a
byproduct of protein digestion and bacterial metabolism in
the GIT, kidney and muscle, When the glucose levels are
decreased by starvation or intense exercise, the skeletal
muscle can also generate ammonia through amino acidmuscle can also generate ammonia through amino acid
catabolism.
• The flux that moves into the brain is most likely both by
diffusion of gaseous NH3 and by mediated transport of NH4+
by channels and transporters through plasma membrane
crossing which will have a direct effect on the pHcrossing, which will have a direct effect on the pH.
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

7. De elopment
Understanding Ama
Development
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

8. Factor of Ammonia de elopment
Understanding Ama
Factor of Ammonia development
• Free ammonia is very toxic (kodravebhyo vishasyeva),
ll ll bespecially to neurons, eventually cause subsequent
diseases, such as neurologic disorders, hepatic
encephalopathies, Reye syndrome, and some toxic p p , y y ,
encephalopathies .
• Ammonia, one of the principal products of nitrogen
metabolism, is normally converted to urea, in the liver,
by a series of enzymatic reactions.
1) J. Clin. Invest. C The American Society for Clinical Investigation, Inc., 0021‐9738/79/03/0449/12 1.00 449, Volume 63
March 1979 449‐460
2) Jing Liu et al, The Pharmabiotic Approach to Treat Hyperammonemia, Nutrients 2018, 10, 140;
doi:10.3390/nu10020140
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/
doi:10.3390/nu10020140

9. Ca ses of Ammonia de elopment
Understanding Ama
Causes of Ammonia development
• Reduced pH ‐ protein fermentation
i d di t ll did H th h thincreased distally, as did pH, through the
transverse colon and into the distal colon
• Decreased peristalsis ‐ The gut isDecreased peristalsis The gut is
especially vulnerable to the presence of
chronic (and even acute) stress,
demonstrating stress‐induced changes in
gastric secretion, gut motility, mucosal
permeability and barrier function visceralpermeability and barrier function, visceral
sensitivity and mucosal blood flow.
Ian Rowland et al, Gut microbiota functions: metabolism of nutrients and other food
C O 0 00 / 0039 0 8
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/
Components, Eur J Nutr, DOI 10.1007/s00394‐017‐1445‐8

10. Ca ses of Ammonia de elopment
Understanding Ama
Causes of Ammonia development
• Gut Bacteria ‐ The organisms involved include
several species of Bacteroides, Eubacterium hallii,
and Clostridium barlettii. proteolytic fermentation in
the distal colon ld d t i i ithe distal colon could produce toxic, carcinogenic
metabolites such as bacteriocins, ammonia, indoles,
and phenols by gut bacteriaand phenols by gut bacteria
• In colon protein fermentation was associated with
increased concentrations of branched‐chain fattyincreased concentrations of branched chain fatty
acids, phenol, and indole derivatives of amino‐acid
fermentation and ammonia.
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/
Chris kresser, Gut Health

11. Understanding Ama
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

12. Ama Formation
Understanding Ama
Ama Formation
• Ammonia ‐ NH3 is ionic and becomes stable NH4 in Liver
(Bhutagni) and after transportation (vayuna prerito hyam)(Bhutagni) and after transportation (vayuna prerito hyam)
reaches upper part of stomach (sleshma sthanam
pradhavati) and again undergoes digestion (vidhagdhasou)
b ti h th bl d l (dh iabsorption reaches the blood vessels (dhamani
pratipadyate). Interaction with Tridosha it makes the Vessels
oozing (abhishyandi). It is understood at Trika (Trimarma) as
heart heaviness and weakness, Brain (encephalopathy) and
Bladder (Bahumootrata). As the site of final Ammonia is in
Colon and Asrayashyayi Nyaya it impacts the local nervousColon and Asrayashyayi Nyaya it impacts the local nervous
system and causes Sacral stiffness and Pain. The NH4
exposed to Gastric acids are converted as Uric acid. The
components of Ammonia Urea and Uric acid are AMAcomponents of Ammonia, Urea and Uric acid are AMA.
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

13. Aleena Vs Leena Ama
Understanding Ama
Aleena Vs Leena Ama
Urdhwa
[Atisrushtam, Dravam, Vibaddham = Amlapitta]
Mandagni ‐> Vidhatyannam‐>
Adho
Tryak [Leena] [Vibaddha Pureesha Grahani]Tryak [Leena] [Vibaddha Pureesha, Grahani]
Dhatusta Dehasta
[transports in to Mitochondriya] [Liver, Brain, Lungs, Bladder, Heart]
[Kayagni Amsha][Kayagni Amsha]
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

14. Leena Ama Vs Aleena
Understanding Ama
Leena Ama Vs Aleena
Urdhwa
[Atisrushtam, Dravam, Vibaddham = Amlapitta]
Mandagni ‐> Vidhatyannam‐>
Adho
Tryak [Leena] [Vibaddha Pureesha Grahani]Tryak [Leena] [Vibaddha Pureesha, Grahani]
Dhatusta Dehasta
[transports in to Mitochondriya] [Liver, Brain, Lungs, Bladder, Heart]
[Kayagni Amsha][Kayagni Amsha]
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

15. Inter relation of Ammonia & Ama
Understanding Ama
Inter relation of Ammonia & Ama
Ama
Pitt K h V tPitta Kapha Vata
Amlapitta Prameha Urustambha
Peenasa Amavata
Vataroga (Brain)Vataroga (Brain)
Mutraroga (Bladder)
Kukshi Roga (Pureesha)
Ammonia =
Urea =
Uric Acid =
Kukshi Roga (Pureesha)
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/
Uric Acid =

16. Ama ata Lakshana
Understanding Ama
Amavata Lakshana
• Digestion – Vairasya, Aruchi, Apaka, Agni dourbalya,
K hi K k hi K k hi h l Ch di A k jKathina Kukshi, Kukshi shoola, Chardi, Antrakooja,
Anaha
Ud k T h• Udaka – Trushna
• Mutra – Bahumootrata
P h Vid ib dh• Pureesha – Vidwibandha
• General – Alasya, Gourava, Jwara, Soonatanga,
Bh M h J dBhrama, Moorcha, Jadya
• Trika – sthabda, Hrudroga,
id i• Nidra Viparyaya
• Sandhi – Ruja, ShodhaDr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

17. Le els of Ama
Understanding Ama
Levels of Ama
1. Routine = Regular Normal
2 Conversional = @ Liver (Bhutagni) as Urea2. Conversional = @ Liver (Bhutagni) as Urea
3. Excretion = @ KUB
4 Recycling = Urea converted to Uric Acid4. Recycling = Urea converted to Uric Acid
5. Deposition = deposited @ Mitochondria
6 Dispersion Neuro / Hepato / Immuno toxic6. Dispersion = Neuro / Hepato / Immuno toxic
7. Disease = Trika Roga (Mastishka /Hrudaya/ Vasti
(Prameha) Sandhi Roga(Prameha), Sandhi Roga
8. Pakwashaya in due course converts as Amashaya
9 Decreased or Increased Urea /Uric acid gives disease9. Decreased or Increased Urea /Uric acid gives disease
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

18. Ho Madha a Treated ?
Understanding Ama
How Madhava Treated ?
• Chief principle adopted is –• Chief principle adopted is –
– Agnivruddhi – Shad dharana, Panchakola,
Vaishwanara HingubhagottraVaishwanara, Hingubhagottra,
– Vatahara – Rasnasaptaka, Rasnapanchaka,
Mutrala Punarnava– Mutrala – Punarnava
– Vedanahara – Alambusha, Shati
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

19. Madha a Ama ika Pra o a
Understanding Ama
Madhava Amayika Prayoga
1 Shunti (analgesic) + Gokshura1. Shunti (analgesic) + Gokshura
(diuretic)
2. Ernada taila (Vatahara) + Shunti
(analgesic) + Vidanga (Krimihara)
3. Ernada taila (Vatahara) + [Go Ghruta +
Hingu (antispasmodic) or DhanyamlaHingu (antispasmodic) or Dhanyamla
/Kanji /Aranala
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

20. Wh ?
Understanding Ama
Why ?
• Ama and its derivative diseases are prevented withAma and its derivative diseases are prevented with
decreased usage of the following ‐
• Fertilizers (Urea) in Food( )
• Fermentation Industry (Alcohol / beverages)
• Detergents / stain‐remover (Ammonia in daily use)Detergents / stain remover (Ammonia in daily use)
• Moisturizers / Lotions (Urea used for skin /Foot care)
• Preservative (on flesh)Preservative (on flesh)
• Fuel (diesel) [Environmental]
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

21. R h U d
Understanding Ama
Researches Under
My supervision y p
• Alambushadi YogaAlambushadi Yoga
• Dhanyamla Dhara
• Hingwadi Gugglu
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

22. Understanding Ama
Second Innings ofSecond Innings of
Uric acid
• Just replace “Toxin” for the
word of “Ama” . . . . Neuro
– Hepato – Cyto – etc.
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/

23. E l U d t di t A id C li ti
Understanding Ama
Early Understanding to Avoid Complication
Th k Y• Thank You
Prof KSR Prasad
th fauthor of …
Technoayurveda’s
Practical SOP Panchakarma
Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad, at http://www.technoayurveda.com/