Maize village

1. 1 July 2010 – 30 June, 2011 Field Crops Research Institute , DOA AFACI Project (Yr.1) MAIZE SEED VILLAGE IN THAILAND Presentation on 27 Nov.2011 " Follow-up Workshop and Annual Meeting for the ThaiKoRAA 2011” at Pailyn Hotel, Sukhothai

3. Objectives -Transferring knowledge and technology on hybrid seed production -Strengthening self-sufficient agriculture -Establish seed villages to reduce cost of maize seed

4. Methodology Promote and disseminate NS 3,a new drought tolerant maize to villagers in target sites. Group discussion and talk with villagers about how to manage seed production 34 farmers,16.8 ha,10 Sub-districts (Tambons),4 Provinces

6. Table 1 Farmers/areas/sites 0.32 ha Chiang Mai (CMFCRC) 12 farmers 2 farmers 8.32 ha 4 Tambons Petchabun (PBARDC) 10 farmers 4.64 ha 2 Tambons Sukhothai (SKARDC) 10 farmers 3.52 ha 2 Tambons Nakhon Sawan (NSFCRC) Total 34 16.8 2 Tambons 10

7. Table 2 Site (Tambon) Chiang Mai ( 4) Petchabun ( 2) Sukhothai ( 2) Nakhon Sawan ( 2) Lamphayon Khoaw- chai-thong Mae-van, Veang Kuan-pak, Ban-pong Bo-Thai Klong- krachang Na- khun-krai Pak-kwae

10. Activity 1: Capacity building 1.1 Training on NS 3 hybrid seed production At Sukhothai Province 26 farmers were trained 1 times at SKARDC - October 22,2010: understanding of self-sufficient seed and sustainable production : training on hybrid seed production : group discussion and exchange experience with farmers who worked with seed companies

14. Activity 2: Nakhon Sawan 3 hybrid demonstration plots in farmers’ fields - Demon. Plots : NS 3 vs 9 Commercial hybrids at Tambon Lamphayon and Khoaw-chai-thong, NS province, 0.16 ha/plot. - Invited farmers nearby to visit and to select preference hybrids.

15. Activity 3: Multiplication of inbred parent seed of NS 3 Harvested in November,2010 Planted in July, 2010, Tak Fa 1 (female) 300 Kg Tak Fa 3 (male) 1,000 Kg

16. 1 st yr.Planning Sep.26 th ,2010 At NSFCRC

17. Activity 4: Hybrid seed production demonstration plot In August 2010 at NSFCRC, hybrid seed demon.plot of 0.8 ha was planted. Female : male parent row = 4:1. - 3 times of fertilizer - 12 times of irrigation - 5 times of Rouging - Female detasselling in October - Male cutting 1 week later - Harvested and seed processed in November, 2010.

19. Activities at NSFCRC

21. Activities at CMFCRC

22. Last April 2011

24. Activities at PBARDC

25. Last April 2011 (VIP)…Field inspection

27. Activities at SKARDC

28. Last April 2011 Summer storm at harvest

29. Last April 2011

30. Seed processing at SKARDC

31. Table 3 Site (village) & seed volume Chiang Mai ( 7) Petchabun ( 3) Sukhothai ( 2) Nakhon Sawan ( 2) 6,295 kg 6,942 kg 3,944 kg 554 kg. 881 kg/ha 966 kg/ha 1,085 kg/ha 1,306 kg/ha 91 % ger. 98 % ger. 98 % ger. 98 % ger.

32. Table 4 saved seed and cost/kg *cost/kg data derived from farmers Chiang Mai ( 7) Petchabun ( 3) Sukhothai ( 2) Nakhon Sawan ( 2) 53 % saved seed 0 % saved seed 33 % saved seed 100 % saved seed 26 B/kg 50 B/kg 49 B/kg 35 B/kg

33. Interview at NS, PB, CM, SK Seed Production satisfaction

34. Table 5 Seed production satisfaction Activity Satisfaction Production field management (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (N) 1. Land preparation and Isolation 0 4 7 18 3 0 2. Planting male and female rows (1:4) 0 0 8 17 7 0 3. Roguing (5 times) 0 2 10 16 4 0 4. Detasselling (everyday before pollen shedding) 0 2 7 16 7 0 5. Male cutting (after pollen shedding) 0 7 11 7 2 5 6. Harvesting (only female row) 0 0 6 15 11 0

35. Table 6 Seed production satisfaction Activity Satisfaction Seed processing & etc. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (N) 1. Drying (available area) 2. Ear sorting (discard off-type ears) 3. Shelling (equipment available) 4. Cleaning (equipment available and convenience) 5. Seed quality (germ. and vigor) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 10 9 5 10 0 12 18 12 14 4 10 5 14 6 28 0 0 0 0 0

36. Interview at NS, PB NS 3,F1 Farmer satisfaction

37. Table 7 “NS 3” F1 satisfaction * *Assessment is ongoing, data from PB & NS Characteristics Satisfaction 1. Vegetative growth (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (N) 1. Seed price of F1 0 0 1 7 6 0 2. Germination (good ger.& vigor) 0 0 0 3 11 0 3. Seedling vigor after germination 0 0 0 5 9 0 4. Vegetative growth at 1 month 0 0 0 9 5 0 5. Vegetative growth before flowering 0 0 0 9 5 0 6. Lodging 7. Leaf color 8. Drought tolerance 9. Pest tolerance 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 4 6 2 7 9 8 2 4 0 0 10 1

38. Table 8 “NS 3” F1 satisfaction * *Assessment is ongoing, data from PB & NS 14 farmers Characteristics Satisfaction 2. Yield and processing (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (N) 1. Hand harvest (easy or difficult) 0 0 0 4 10 0 2. Yield per ha 0 0 0 12 2 0 3. Ear size 0 0 0 8 6 0 4. Husk cover 0 0 0 6 8 0 5. Seed color 0 0 0 4 10 0 6. Corn cob (small cob?) 7. % Shelling 8. Continue growing NS3 9. Overall satisfaction 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 1 10 7 1 3 2 5 11 10 1 0 2 0

39. Other opinion on NS 3 from Interview 1. Lower plant height for easy harvest. 2. Better seed color compared with other commercial brands. 3. Strong stalk with good plant growth 4. Drought tolerance is not prominent since good rainfall this year. 5. Deep kernel...good!. 6. Improve higher yield

43. (VIP)…Field inspection 2.. Rainy Season 2011 at CM

44. Yr.2 New site of seed production at Tak Province Planning on 16 Nov.2011 atTARDC

45. At TARDC

46. TARDC officers visit demon.field at NSFCRC 18 Nov.2011 Start of yr.2

47. Get inbred seed at NSFCRC

48. Final Expenditure Statement yr.1 Items Budget (US$) Actual Expenditure (US$) Balance (US$) Personnel Travel 16,000 15,818.10 181.90 Equipment 3,000 2,952.71 47.29 Project activities 7,400 7,323.40 76.60 Other expense 3,600 3,578.18 21.82 Total 30,000 29,672.39 327.61

51. Special Thanks for for financial support, continuous cooperation and endless warmth friendship

52. Thank you for your attention