The document provides an overview of the Internet of Things (IoT). It discusses IoT architecture including components like sensors, gateways, cloud platforms and applications. It outlines various IoT applications in different domains like manufacturing, healthcare, transportation etc. The document also discusses challenges in IoT deployment related to interoperability, security and skills. It highlights the importance of skills like embedded systems, cloud computing, data analytics for jobs in IoT domain. Finally, it gives examples of how a company called UCT is applying IoT in products like street lighting, irrigation and building automation.

1. INTERNET OF THINGS

2. Agenda
•Introduction of IoT
•IoT Architecture
•IoT Applications
•IoT DeploymentChallenges
•Careers and Needed skills
•HowUCT is using IoT in it’s Products
•Q&A
2

3. Introduction to IoT
3

4. 4
IoT is not a technology
it’s a complex ecosystem

5. What is the Internet of Things
Internet connects all
people, so it is called
“Internet of People”
IoT connects all things,
so it is called “Internet of
Things”

6. IoT Growth: Why Now?

7. Goal of IoT
• The IoT allows objects to be sensed or controlled remotely
across existing network infrastructure.
• Creating opportunities for direct integration of the physical
world into computer-based systems.
• Improve efficiency,accuracy and economicbenefit in
addition to reduced human intervention.

8. Demystifying IoT Market Information Security
Office of Budget and Finance

9. Demystifying IoT Market Information Security
Office of Budget and Finance

10. IoT Architecture
10

11. What Comprises IoT Networks?
Information
Technology
(IT)
Operational
Technology
(OT)
Smart
Objects
M2M = > Embedded Technology + Network Technology
IoT => Embedded Technology + Network Technology + Information
Technology

12. IoT Networking
12

13. IoT Architecture

14. IoT Architechture

15. IoT Architechture

16. IOT
Processing
Layers
Education – Partnership – Solutions
Information Security
Office of Budget and Finance

17. Logical Design of IoT
• Logical design of an IoT system
refers to an abstract
representation of the entities and
processes without going into the
low-level specifics of the
implementation.
• An IoT system comprises of a
number of functional blocks that
provide the system the
capabilities for identification,
sensing, actuation,
communication, and
management.

18. IoT Protocols
• Link Layer
• 802.3 – Ethernet
• 802.11 –WiFi
• 802.16 –WiMax
• 802.15.4 – LR-
WPAN
• 2G/3G/4G
• Network/Internet
Layer
• IPv4
• IPv6
• 6LoWPAN
• Transport Layer
• TCP
• UDP
• Application Layer
• HTTP
• CoAP
• WebSocket
• MQTT
• XMPP
• AMQP
CoAP : Constrained Application protocol
MQTT : Message Queue Telemetry
AMQP : Advanced Message Queue Protocol
XMPP : Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol

19. Request-Response communication model
• Request-Response is a
communication model in which
the client sends requests to the
server and the server responds to
the requests.
• When the server receives a
request, it decides how to
respond, fetches the data,
retrieves resource
representations, prepares the
response, and then sends the
response to the client.
Supported by
• HTTP
• XMPP
• CoAP

20. Publish-Subscribe communication model
• Publish-Subscribe is a
communication model that involves
publishers, brokers and consumers.
• Publishers are the source of data.
Publishers send the data to the topics
which are managed by the broker.
Publishers are not aware of the
consumers.
• Consumers subscribe to the topics
which are managed by the broker.
• When the broker receives data for a
topic from the publisher, it sends the
data to all the subscribed consumers.
Supported by
• MQTT
• AMQP

21. IoT Connectivity
21

22. 22

23. IoT Cloud Platform
23

24. IoT Cloud Platform
24

25. IoT Applications
25

26. IoT Applications

27. IoT Applications

28. IoT and Manufacturing Processes
IoT will generate 4 primary forms of value in terms of
manufacturing processes:
• Supply Chain Management;
• Operating Efficiency;
• Predictive Maintenance;
• Inventory Optimization.

29. Industrial Revolution
29

30. Industrial Revolution History

31. Analytics evolution towards real-time, predictive, and
prescriptive

33. Autonomous Cars
33

36. 5G

37. Autonomous Cars & 5G

38. Network Interfaces: Redundant Mode PC5 and Uu

39. IoT Deployment Challenges
• Global cooperation
• Proprietary and incompatible protocols
• Lack ofAPIs
• Example:Common external power supply
• Technological challenges
• Power usage
• Scalability
• Security
• Latency
• Communication mechanisms

40. Challenges
• IoT suffers from “Chicken-and-Egg” Challenges e.g.,The success of many
IoT apps depends on the success of complementary technologies/systems
(e.g., energy/transit).
• Interoperability and Standards-Setting Issues e.g. Governments have an
important coordinating role to play in developing large-scale deployments
of sensor networks and smart infrastructure that spans multiple
jurisdictions.
• Ensuring adequate radio spectrum and coherent regulatory approach.

41. IoT Data- Challenges
• Multi-modal and heterogeneous
• Noisy and incomplete
• Time and location dependent
• Dynamic and varies in quality
• Crowed sourced data can be unreliable
• Requires (near-) real-time analysis
• Privacy and security are important issues
• Data can be biased- we need to know our data!
41

42. • Are they important?
• What is the risk?
• What are the challenges?
• Device level
• Network level
• System level
• User level
• Solutions?
Security & Privacy
42

43. Careers and Needed skills

44. IoT
Characteristics:
Defining needed
Skills and
Jobs

45. Companies working in IoT
(Vertical wise)
45

46. Companies working in IoT
(Vertical wise)
46

47. Companies working in IoT
(Vertical wise)
47

48. 48
CompaniesworkinginIoT
(Layerwise)

49. Job Roles in IoT Domain
49
 Hardware developers
 Embedded and firmware developers
 IoT Research Engineer
 IoT Software Engineer
 Network Engineer
 Cloud Engineer
 Data Scientist
 Data Visualization expert
 UI Engineer
 Test engineers
 Instrumentation Engineers
 Web and data security Engineers
 Industrial Engineer
 IoT Architect

50. Needed Skills in IoT Domain
50
Technical Skills
• Hardware and Electronics
• Basic / Embedded C Programming
• Python and any other high level language
• RTOS
• Hands-on testing HW/SW tools
• IoT Platforms
• System and computation Modelling
• Knowledge about communication and stack protocols
• Data analytics concepts
Soft skills
• Passion to learn
• Team Player
• Willing to do experiments
• Willing to share knowledge

51. How UCT is using IoT in it’s Products

52. 52
Intelligent Street Lighting

53. 53
Smart Irrigation

54. 54
Smart Irrigation

55. 55
Irrigation controller

56. 56
Irrigation controller

57. 57
Smart Factory

58. 58
Electric Meter Reading

59. 59
UCT Wireless Temperature and
Humidity monitoring solution

60. UCT’s Penetration

61. Learning Front

62. Learning Front

63. IoT co-existing with
other technologies
changing the world
with improved
decision making
63
Takeaway

64. College Project Vs Industry Approach

65. Takeaway
• If misunderstood and misconfigured, IoT poses risk to our data, privacy,
and safety
• If understood and secured, IoT will enhance communications, lifestyle, and
delivery of services
• Look out the challenges in the job market and be better prepared for
upcoming opportunities

66. THANKS
UniConverge Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
(www.uniconvergetech.in)
&
The IoT Academy
(www.theiotacademy.co)
C56/11, Sector-62, Noida