Node.js server-side rendering

Node.js server side
rendering
Kamil Płaczek

Jestem Kamil
JavaScript Developer

Server-side rendering
• Przeglądarka wykonuje zapytanie, serwer zwraca
przygotowany HTML

Server-side rendering
• W kontekście SPA - uruchomienie kodu aplikacji i renderera
po stronie serwera (kod uniwersalny)

src/client/index.js
import React from 'react';
import ReactDOM from ‘react-dom';
import {BrowserRouter} from 'react-router-dom';
import App from './app/app.component';
ReactDOM.render(
<BrowserRouter>
<App />
</BrowserRouter>,
document.getElementById('root')
);
początkowy kod - uruchomienie spa

src/server/index.js
import express from 'express';
const app = express();
app.use(express.static('dist'));
app.get('*', (req, res) => {
// doServerSideRenderingPls();
});
app.listen(3000);
początkowy kod - serwer

Problem 1: Routing
• Jak przełożyć routing z przeglądarki na serwer? 🤷
export default class App extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div className="container">
...
<Route exact path="/" component={Home} />
<Route path="/contact" component={Contact} />
</div>
</div>
);
}
}

Problem 1: Routing
• Routing jest uniwersalny.
export default class App extends Component {
render() {
return (
<div className="container">
...
<Route exact path="/" component={Home} />
<Route path="/contact" component={Contact} />
</div>
</div>
);
}
}

src/server/index.js
...
const context = {};
const appString = renderToString(
<StaticRouter location={req.url} context={context}>
<App />
</StaticRouter>
);
if (context.url) {
// redirect was done in client-side routing
res.redirect(301, context.url);
} else {
res.send(`
<!DOCTYPE html>
. . .
<body>
<div id="root">${appString}</div>
<script type="text/javascript" src="client.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
`);
}
});
...
server side rendering z routerem

src/server/index.js
...
const context = {};
<App />
</StaticRouter>
);
if (context.url) {
} else {
res.send(`
<!DOCTYPE html>
. . .
<body>
</body>
</html>
`);
}
});
...
<div class="container" data-reactroot="">
<div>
<div class="navbar"><span class="brand">Taylor Swift</span>
<ul>
<li><a href="/">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="/contact">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
<hr/>
<div>
<p>
Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an
…
</p>
<ul></ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>

Problem 2: Dane
• Jak wypełnić dokument danymi podczas SSR? 🌅
async loadData() {
const res = await fetch('https://api.imgur.com/3/gallery/r/taylorswift', {
headers: {Authorization: ‘Client-ID shAK3-it-0ff’},
});
...
this.setState({pics});
}

Problem 2: Dane
Server-side render
and return HTML
Fetch JS app code Run app client-side loadData()

Problem 2: Dane
Server-side render
and return HTML
Fetch JS app
code
Run app client-
side
loadData()loadData()

src/server/index.js
...
const getTaytayPics = async () => {
headers: {Authorization: ‘Client-ID l00K-wH4t-Y0u-m4DE-m3-D0‘},
});
. . .
return pics;
};
...
app.get('*', async (req, res) => {
const context = {};
if (req.url === '/') {
context.pics = await getTaytayPics();
}
<App />
</StaticRouter>
);
...
server side rendering + pobieranie danych v1

src/client/app/home/home.component.js
export class Home extends Component {
. . .
componentWillMount() {
if (this.props.staticContext && this.props.staticContext.pics) {
this.setState({pics: this.props.staticContext.pics})
} else {
this.loadData();
}
}
komponent react - wykorzystanie danych podczas ssr

src/server/index.js
. . .
if (req.url === '/') {
}
. . .
} else {
res.send(`<!DOCTYPE html>
. . .>
<script>
window.APP_STATE = ${JSON.stringify({pics: context.pics})};
</script>
</body>
</html>`);
server side rendering - przekazanie informacji

componentWillMount() {
if (this.props.staticContext && this.props.staticContext.pics) {
this.setState({pics: this.props.staticContext.pics});
} else if (window && window.APP_STATE && window.APP_STATE.pics) {
this.setState({pics: window.APP_STATE.pics})
}
else {
this.loadData();
}
}
komponent react - wykorzystanie danych z ssr

src/server/index.js
...
const getTaytayPics = async () => {
headers: {Authorization: ‘Client-ID l00K-wH4t-Y0u-m4DE-m3-D0‘},
});
. . .
return pics;
};
...
const context = {};
if (req.url === '/') {
}
<App />
</StaticRouter>
);
...
DRY?

src/client/app/app.routes.js
import {Home} from './home/home.component';
import {Contact} from './contact/contact.component';
export const routes = [
{
component: Home,
path: '/',
exact: true,
},
{
component: Contact,
path: '/contact',
},
];
refactoring routingu

import fetch from ‘isomorphic-fetch';
. . .
static async loadData() {
headers: {Authorization: 'Client-ID w1ld3est-dr3am5‘},
});
return pics;
}
. . .
}
refactoring komponentu react

src/server/index.js
import {StaticRouter, matchPath} from 'react-router';
import {routes} from '../client/app/app.routes';
. . .
. . .
const matchedRoute = routes.find(route => matchPath(req.path, route));
if (matchedRoute) {
if (matchedRoute.component && matchedRoute.component.loadData) {
context.data = await matchedRoute.component.loadData();
}
} else {
return res.sendStatus(404);
}
. . .
refactoring pobierania danych na serwerze

Problem 2.5: Dane
• Jak wypełnić danymi store?

src/client/app/redux/taytay/taytay.actions.js
import fetch from 'isomorphic-fetch';
export const fetchPics = () => async dispatch => {
const res = await fetch('https://api.imgur.com/3/gallery/r/
taylorswift', {
headers: {Authorization: 'Client-ID 0447601918a7bb5'},
});
. . .
return dispatch(setPics(pics));
};
export const setPics = pics => ({. . .});
przeniesienie pobierania danych do akcji

import {fetchPics} from '../redux/taytay/taytay.actions';
export class Home extends Component {
static loadData = store => {
return store.dispatch(fetchPics());
};
. . .
wykorzystanie akcji w komponencie

src/client/index.js
import {createAppStore} from './create-store';
const store = createAppStore(window.APP_STATE || {});
ReactDOM.hydrate(
<Provider store={store}>
<BrowserRouter>
<App />
</BrowserRouter>
</Provider>,
document.getElementById('root')
);
stworzenie store + odtworzenie stanu z ssr

src/server/index.js
import {createAppStore} from '../client/create-store';
. . .
const store = createAppStore({});
const matchedRoute = routes.find(route => matchPath(req.path, route));
if (matchedRoute) {
if (matchedRoute.component && matchedRoute.component.loadData) {
await matchedRoute.component.loadData(store);
}
. . .
} else {
const state = store.getState();
const html = `<!DOCTYPE html>
. . .
<script>
window.APP_STATE = ${JSON.stringify(state)};
</script>
. . .
}
});
stworzenie store + inicjalizacja stanu podczas ssr

Problem 3: Wydajność
• Jak szybko będzie działał serwer?

src/server/index.js
import cache from 'memory-cache';
. . .
app.use('*', (req, res, next) => {
const cachedHtml = cache.get(req.originalUrl);
if (cachedHtml) {
res.send(cachedHtml);
} else {
next();
}
});
. . .
cache.put(req.path, html);
res.send(html);
}
});
dodanie cache

src/server/index.js
import {createCacheStream} from ‘./cache-stream';
. . .
const cacheStream = createCacheStream(req.path, cache);
cacheStream.pipe(res);
. . .
cacheStream.write(`<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
. . .
<body>
<div id="root">`);
const appStream = renderToNodeStream(
. . .
);
appStream.pipe(cacheStream, {end: false});
appStream.on('end', () => {
cacheStream.end(`
. . .
</body>
</html>`);
});
}
});
wykorzystanie renderToNodeStream

src/server/cache-stream.js
import {Transform} from 'stream';
export const createCacheStream = (key, cache) => {
const bufferedChunks = [];
return new Transform({
transform(data, enc, cb) {
bufferedChunks.push(data);
cb(null, data);
},
flush(cb) {
cache.put(key, Buffer.concat(bufferedChunks).toString());
cb();
},
});
};
stream pomocniczy - cache

Problem 4: Uwierzytelnianie
• Jak renderować zawartość wymagającą autoryzacji? 🔐
Fetch token from the
server
Save token in
persistent storage
Pass token to the
server on requests
Authenticate &
authorize server-side

app.post('/api/login', (req, res) => {
res.json({
token: '... ready for it?',
});
});

src/client/app/redux/auth/auth.actions.js
export const login = () => async dispatch => {
const res = await fetch(API_URL + '/api/login', {
method: 'POST',
});
const auth = await res.json();
localStorage.setItem('taytayAuth', auth.token);
return dispatch(setToken(auth.token));
};
akcja logowania

src/client/index.js
. . .
const token = localStorage.getItem('taytayAuth');
const store = createAppStore({
...(window.APP_STATE || {}),
auth: {
token,
},
});
ReactDOM.hydrate(
. . .
);
inicjalizacja store tokenem

• Jak renderować zawartość wymagającą autoryzacji? 🔐
🍪

export const login = () => async dispatch => {
const res = await fetch(API_URL + '/api/login', {
method: 'POST',
});
const auth = await res.json();
Cookies.set('taytayAuth', auth.token, {expires: 7, path: '/'});
return dispatch(setToken(auth.token));
};
zamiana localStorage na cookies

src/client/index.js
. . .
const token = Cookies.get('taytayAuth');
...(window.APP_STATE || {}),
auth: {
token,
},
});
ReactDOM.hydrate(
. . .
);
zamiana localStorage na cookies

src/server/index.js
import cookieParser from 'cookie-parser';
. . .
app.use(cookieParser());
. . .
const token = req.cookies.taytayAuth;
auth: {
token,
},
});
if (matchedRoute) {
if (matchedRoute.private && !token) {
return res.redirect(301, ‘/login');
. . .
obsługa cookie na serwerze + inicjalizacja store

Podsumowując
✅ Komunikacja z API
✅ Integracja z systemem zarządzania stanem
✅ Cache & streaming
✅ Uwierzytelnianie

Dzięki!
kamil.placzek@tsh.io 
github.com/kamilplaczek/taytay-ssr

Node.js server-side rendering

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