Os templos egípcios eram edifícios construídos para o culto oficial dos deuses e para celebrar os faraós do Egito Antigo, tanto em seu território como nas regiões sob seu domínio.
Estes templos eram vistos como casas destes deuses ou reis para os quais haviam sido dedicados, e dentro destas residências os egípcios realizavam diversos rituais, que consistiam das funções centrais da religião egípcia: fazer oferendas aos deuses, reencenar suas interações mitológicas através de festivais, e afugentar as forças do caos.
Os rituais eram tidos como necessários para que os deuses continuassem a sustentam a maat, a ordem divina do universo. Cuidar e abrigar estes deuses era uma obrigação dos faraós, que por este motivo dedicavam enormes quantias de seu tesouro para construir e manter estes templos.
Conheça os mais famosos:
2. The Temple of Karnak is the largest Temple in the World! The
complex contains a group of Temples such as the Great
Temple of Amon Ra, The Temple of Khonso, The Ipt Temple,
The Temple of Ptah, the Temple of Montho and the Temple of
the God Osiris. Measures 20 m high, mud brick enclosure wall,
surrounded all of these buildings.
3. Temple of Luxor Temple, or The Temple of Luxor, is among
the most beautiful Temples in Egypt. It was known in the
New Kingdom period as Ipt-Rsyt, which means the southern
shrine. This was to differentiate between this Temple and
Karnak Temple, which was the northern house of Amon Ra.
4. The Temple of Deir El-bahri is one of the most characteristic
temples in the whole of Egypt, due to its design and decorations.
It was built of limestone, not sandstone like most of the other
funerary temples of the New Kingdom period.
5. The Temple of Abydos is located to the west of El-baliana,
which is a town in Sohag Governorate. In ancient times it
was called Abdu, and the Greeks called it Abydos. Abydos,
the 8th province in ancient Egypt, this area is considered to
be amongst the most famous archaeological sites.
6. The Temple is located about 4KM from the River Nile, on
its west bank, roughly opposite the city of Qena, the capital
of the province and governorate of Qena (population -
2,000,000), which is inhabited by both Coptic and Muslims.
7. The Temple of Medinat Habu is one of the largest
memorial Temples in Egypt. It measures 320 m in
length (East to west) and about 200 m in width
(North to south)
8. Temple of the Ramesseum was built as a funerary Temple in
1304-1207 B.C for ramsis II, and it was dedicated to the
God Ra. Most of the Temple is in a very bad condition, or in
ruins. The entrance to the Temple once had two pylons that
have now collapsed.
9. The Temple was mainly dedicated to the God Sobek, the
crocodile God, together with his wife, in another form of the
Goddess hathor. The Temple is of Greco-Roman structure,
dating back to the year 119 BC, when Ptolemy VI, who
started the construction, built it out of limestone.
10. Edfu is located 60Km to the north of Aswan. It was
the 2nd Nome of Upper Egypt and the centre of the
cult of a triad of Gods, which consisted of Horus of
Behdet, Hathor and their son, Hor-Sama-Tawy.
11. Philae Island was a rocky island in the middle of the River
Nile, south of Aswan. It was called in Hieroglyphic "Apo"
which means Ivory. It was also known by the Greek
"Elephantine", most probably because it was an important
centre of trade, especially for ivory.
12. Esna is about 485 miles (776 Km) south of Cairo and
lies on the west bank of the Nile. It was the ancient city
of Senat, called Latopolis by the Greeks. The "city of the
fish" where the Nile perch was worshipped.
13. So called after the village of Kalabsha which is
located 65 KM south of Aswan dam. The city was
known in ancient times with temples, and later in
Greek was called Talames.
14. The Temples of Abu Simbel are amongst the most
interesting Pharaonic Temples. Located close to the
southern border with the Sudan, it is 280 km south of
Aswan and consists of two, rock-cut Temples, which both
date back to the reign of King Ramses II (1290-1223 BC)
15. it is located 208 KM south of Aswan, the temple is cut out of
native rocks during the time of king Ramses II, it was
dedicated to god Petah and god Amon as well as Ramses II as
a deified person. The temple walls are decorated with scenes
representing Ramses II military campaigns against Nubia and
scenes of offering to the god of the temple.
16. Temple of Wadi es-Sebua It s located 150 km south
of Aswan, it has a temple built by the famous king
Ramses II and it is considered the seconded biggest
temple of the Nubian temples after the great temple
of Abu- Simbel.
17. Temple of Dakka The temple was built by
the Nubian Agher Amon who ruled at the
time of king Ptolemy II, and later additions
were added during the Greco-Roman times.
18. The temple was built at the time of the
new kingdom by king Thutmosis III and
Amenhotep II, It was dedicated to the god
Amon Ra, and RA Hor –Ahkty.
19. Small temple that goes back the end of the
Greco-Roman period, it is very simple
since it is consisting of one hall with
columns decorated with composite capitals.
20. The Temple of Quertsi is dedicated to
goddess Hathor goddess of love Music and
maternity the temple is located to the south of
Temple of Kalabsha next to Aswan high dam.