Buddhism, Meditation, four noble truths

1. Buddhist Association of Canada
Cham Shan Temple
Introduction to
Buddhism
2012/03/03
Updated February 2012

2. Buddhist Association of Canada
Cham Shan Temple
ná mó fó tuó
南
無
佛
陀
Namo Buddha
ná mó dá mó
南
無
達
摩
Namo Dharma
ná mó sēng qié
南
無
僧
伽
Namo Sangha
Updated February 2012

3. Buddhist Association of Canada
佛教的教理 – Dharma, Teaching of Buddha
1. 三法印
3 Dharma Zeal
2. 四依法
4 Reliance
3. 十善
10 Good Deeds
4. 四聖諦
4 Noble Truth
5. 八正道
8 Fold Path
6. 十二因緣
12 Causation Link
7. 六度
6 Paramita
8. 八萬四千法門
84,000 Approaches
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

4. Buddhist Association of Canada
Buddhist Belief
“Every existent is compounded by causes and
conditions and is void of an independent self”
THE TEACHINGS OF THE BUDDHA by Dharma Master Fa-Fang
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

5. Buddhist Association of Canada
Dharma in one sentence
When this is, that is. From the arising of this, that arises.
When this is not, that is not. From the ceasing of this, that
ceases.
Samyutta Nikya 12, 21
Another translation
When this is, that is; because this arises, that arises.
When this is not, that is not; because this ceases, that
ceases.
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

6. Buddhist Association of Canada
Nature of things – Causation 因果規律
 No free lunch
 Cause, condition and consequence
 Changing cycles: creation, growth,
deterioration, destruction
 Impermanence 無常, Voidness 空性
 Dependent origination, Conditioned arising,
Interdependent genesis: Lack of intrinsic
nature (sunyata) 緣起性空
 Liberation, Peace, Nirvana
 Non-grasping, non-clinging, non-attachment,
let it be, let go, suchness
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

7. Buddhist Association of Canada
No Self reflected in actions
 At a personal level
– Generosity, giving, help others for a common good
– Transfer of merit
 At a social level
– From ego/ethnic/nation centric to world-centric,
consumer vs. individual, tolerance and forgiveness
– Stop cycles of hatred and revenge
 At a planet level
– preserve the environment and resources
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

8. Buddhist Association of Canada
三法印 – 3 Zeal of the Dharma
諸行無常
諸法無我
湼槃寂靜
Impermanent No self Nirvana
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

9. Buddhist Association of Canada
The Buddha's Teaching: Its Aim
 ‘to directly addresses the critical problem at the
heart of human existence: the problem of
suffering’
 It is a ‘program of deliverance’: makes suffering
and release from suffering the focus of his
teaching’
Lecture on Vesak Day
by Ven. Bhikkhu Bodhi
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

10. Buddhist Association of Canada
The Four Noble Truths
1. Dukkha (suffering)
2. Samudaya: the arising or origin of dukkha
3. Nirodha: the cessation of dukkha
4. Megga: the way leading to the cessation of
dukkha
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

11. Buddhist Association of Canada
The Four Noble Truths
1. life involves suffering
2. suffering arises from craving
3. suffering ends with the removal of craving
4. there is a way to the end of suffering
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

12. Buddhist Association of Canada
Four Noble Truth 四諦
苦
滅
Suffering Cessation of the
cause of suffering
集
道
Cause/arising the way leading to the
of suffering cessation of dukkha or
the Eightfold Path
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

13. Buddhist Association of Canada
Four Noble Truth 四諦十六行相
苦
滅
Suffering Cessation of the
果
苦, 無常, 空, 無我 cause of suffering
Effect 滅, 靜, 妙, 離
集
道
Cause of suffering Eightfold Path to end
因
集, 因, 生, 緣
suffering
Cause 道, 理, 行, 出
世間 出世間
Mundane Supra-mundane
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

14. Buddhist Association of Canada
Dukkha
1 ordinary suffering (dukkha-dukkha)
2 dukkha as produced by change (veparinama-
dukkha)
3 dukkha as conditioned states (samkhara-
dukkha)
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

15. Buddhist Association of Canada
Ordinary suffering
• birth, old age, sickness, death
• association with unpleasant persons and conditions,
• separation from beloved ones and pleasant
conditions,
• not getting what one desires
All such forms of physical and mental suffering, which
are universally accepted as suffering or pain
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

16. Buddhist Association of Canada
Dukkha as produced by change
 A happy feeling, a happy condition in life, is not
permanent, not everlasting it changes sooner or
later
 When it changes, it produces pain, suffering
produced by change
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

17. Buddhist Association of Canada
Dukkha as conditioned states
 Most important philosophical aspect of the First
Noble Truth
 The Buddha says :
– 'In short these five aggregates of attachment
are dukkha’
– 'O bhikkhus, what is dukkha? It should be
said that it is the five aggregates of
attachment’
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

18. Buddhist Association of Canada
Nature of Life 人生
Five skandhas五蘊:
 Form, feeling, conception, impulse, consciousness.色、
受、想、行、識
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

19. Buddhist Association of Canada
Questions and
Comments 討論
www.ChamShanTemple.org
www.shengguangshi.blogspot.com
Shengguang Shi 釋聖光
Tom Cheung 張湘棠
Kam Cheung 張仁勤
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada

20. Buddhist Association of Canada
加拿大佛教會
© 2006 Buddhist Association of Canada